All patients underwent unenhanced and dual-phase contrast-enhanced CT examination. CT images were acquired with a 64-channel multi-detector CT scanner (Discovery CT750 HD CT Scanner, GE Healthcare Milwaukee, WI, USA) or a 16-channel multi-detector CT scanner (Brilliance 16, Philips Medical Systems, Cleveland, OH, USA). The main imaging parameters were as follows: detector collimation, 0.625 mm or 1.5 mm; pitch, 1.375:1 or 1.25:1; tube voltage, 120 kVp; tube current, 80–270 mAs; rotation time, 0.5–0.6 s; reconstruction section thickness, 5 mm and 1.25 mm. After fasting overnight, preparations were required for patient before CT scanning, including an injection of 20 mg of butyl scopolamine for decreasing gastrointestinal peristalsis and facilitating hypotonia and oral administration of 600–1000 mL of water to distend the stomach. For enhanced CT scans, 70–120 mL of iodinated contrast agent (350 or 370 mg I/mL) was injected at a flow rate of 3.0–3.5 mL/s via a peripheral vein with a dual high-pressure syringe. The enhanced CT images in arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP) were obtained with a scanning delay of 30 s and 70 s after the intravenous injection of contrast agent. The coronal and sagittal CT images were reconstructed by the multiplanar reformation technique.
Brilliance 16
Manufactured by Philips
Sourced in United States, Netherlands, Germany
The Brilliance 16 is a computed tomography (CT) scanner manufactured by Philips. It is designed to capture high-quality, 3D images of the body's internal structures using X-ray technology. The core function of the Brilliance 16 is to acquire and reconstruct multiple cross-sectional images that can be used for diagnostic purposes.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Brilliance 64, by Philips (6 mentions)
Somatom sensation 16, by Siemens (4 mentions)
Discovery ct750 hd ct scanner, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions)
Brilliance ict, by Philips (3 mentions)
Aquilion 64, by Toshiba (3 mentions)
Extended brilliance workspace, by Philips (2 mentions)
Somatom force, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Discovery ct750 hd, by GE Healthcare (2 mentions)
Somatom sensation 64, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Aquilion one, by Toshiba (2 mentions)
Somatom definition, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Somatom definition flash, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Brightspeed, by GE Healthcare (2 mentions)
Ge lightspeed ultra, by GE Healthcare (2 mentions)
Definition flash, by Siemens (1 mentions)
Somatom definition edge, by Siemens (1 mentions)
Aquilion one, by Canon (1 mentions)
Ge revolution evo, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Discovery mr750, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Discovery hd 750, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
51 protocols using brilliance 16
1
Dual-Phase CT Imaging Protocol for Abdominal Evaluation
2
Multidetector CT Scanner Calibration Protocol
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CT was performed using seven multidetector CT scanners (Siemens Somatom Definition Edge, Definition Flash, and Force, Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany; Philips Brilliance 64 and Brilliance 16, Philips Healthcare, Best, Netherlands; Canon Aquilion One, Canon Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan; GE Revolution EVO, Madison, WI, GE Healthcare). CT was performed using a peak tube voltage of 120 kVp, a slice thickness of 2.0–5.0 mm, and adaptive tube current in helical mode. CT scans were performed using a bone kernel or a soft tissue kernel depending on the imaging purpose. All CT machines were calibrated daily with external air. The HU value of air should remain relatively constant, but it can vary slightly depending on factors such as temperature and humidity. Therefore, a calibration process is performed by conducting a scan using only air, without any specific object or phantom inside the CT bore, to adjust the HU value. Two-dimensional reconstructions were acquired in the coronal and/or sagittal planes with a bone or soft tissue kernel and a thickness of 2.0–5.0 mm.
3
Postoperative Cuff Integrity Assessment
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The sheep were anesthetized to obtain CT images at 4w, 8w and 12w postoperative and MR images at 1day pre-operation and 1day 4w, 8w and 12w postoperative. CT scans were performed with a CT scanner (Brilliance 16, Philips, NED).
MRI scans were performed with a 3.0 T MR scanner (Discovery MR750, GE Medical Systems, USA). According to Sugaya et al. [25 (link)], postoperative cuff integrity was classified into 5 categories using different views of T2-weighted images. Type I, cuff has sufficient thickness with uniform low intensity; Type II, sufficient thickness with partial high intensity; Type III, insufficient thickness without discontinuity; Type IV, presence of minor discontinuity; and Type V, presence of a major discontinuity on each image.
MRI scans were performed with a 3.0 T MR scanner (Discovery MR750, GE Medical Systems, USA). According to Sugaya et al. [25 (link)], postoperative cuff integrity was classified into 5 categories using different views of T2-weighted images. Type I, cuff has sufficient thickness with uniform low intensity; Type II, sufficient thickness with partial high intensity; Type III, insufficient thickness without discontinuity; Type IV, presence of minor discontinuity; and Type V, presence of a major discontinuity on each image.
4
Exophthalmos Measurement via Multidetector CT
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No later than 4 weeks after the ophthalmologic examination, patients were submitted to multidetector CT scanning of the orbit (Brilliance 16, Philips Medical Systems, the Netherlands) without intravenous contrast. Axial scanning was performed with the patient in dorsal decubitus and with the head parallel to the Frankfurt plane. Patients were instructed to keep their eyes open and static in the primary position of gaze. The acquisition parameters were 120 kv, 200 mAs; detector setting 16 × 0.75 mm; slice thickness 1.5 mm; and increase 0.7 mm. After acquisition, images were processed and analyzed with the dedicated workstation software (Extended Brilliance Workspace (EBW) Philips Medical Imaging, Best, the Netherlands) The images were examined by a head-and-neck radiologist and by a second reader, both of whom were blinded to the clinical condition of the patient. Having selected the full-orbit image with the greatest intraocular lens thickness, a line was drawn from the zygomatic rhymes to the anterior surface of the cornea in order to measure exophthalmos (Figure 1(c) ) [8 (link), 11 (link)]. The images of the right and left orbits were evaluated independently. The reliability of the measurements was assessed by repeating them on the same CT images 6 months later.
5
Gastric Cancer CT Imaging Protocol
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MDCT scanners with 16–256 detector rows (Definition, Siemens medical system; Brilliance 16, Philips Healthcare; Discovery HD750, GE healthcare) were used in the preoperative imaging. Stomach protocol CT consists of two phases for early gastric cancer (EGC) and three phases for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). For EGC, arterial and portal phase CT scan were obtained in right anterior oblique position. A delayed phase obtained in right down decubitus position was added for AGC. The following are CT acquisition parameters for MDCT: tube voltage of 100–120 kVp; tube current of 150–250 mAs; slice thickness of 1.3–3 mm; reconstruction interval of 0.7–3 mm; pitch of 0.9–1; rotation time of 0.5–1 sec. For contrast administration, an automatic power injector was used with iodinated contrast agent (350 or 370 mg·I/ml) at a rate of 3–5 ml/sec and at a dose of 1.5–1.6 ml/kg for 30 seconds. Saline chase was performed at the same rate for 10 seconds. By using the bolus tracking method, arterial phase scan was started 18–23 sec after the enhancement threshold (100 Hounsfield Unit HU) was reached in the descending thoracic aorta. For portal venous phase scan, a fixed delay of 65–75 sec was used.
6
Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Abdominal CT Imaging
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Non-enhanced and dual-phase dynamic contrast-enhanced CT scans of the abdomen were performed for all patients using a 16-channel multi-detector CT scanner (Brilliance 16, Philips Medical Systems, Cleveland, OH, USA) or a 64-channel multi-detector CT scanner (Discovery CT750 HD CT Scanner, GE Healthcare Milwaukee, WI, USA). The parameters of the Brilliance 16 scanner were as follows: detector collimation, 1.5 mm; pitch, 1.25:1; tube voltage, 120 kVp; tube current, 80–270 mAs; rotation time, 0.6 s. The parameters of the Discovery CT750 scanner were as follows: detector collimation, 0.625 mm; pitch, 1.375:1; tube voltage, 120 kVp; tube current, 80–270 mAs; rotation time, 0.5 s. Dynamic contrast enhancement was performed by intravenous administration of 1.5 mL/kg iodinated contrast agent (350 mg I/mL) at a rate of 3.5 mL/s using an automatic bolus-tracking technique. After the injection, arterial phase scans were started 10 s after the attenuation threshold of the descending thoracic aorta reached 100 Hounsfield units. Portal phase scanning was performed 30 s after the arterial phase.
7
Multi-Channel CT Imaging Protocol for Abdominal Examinations
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The CT scans were performed using the following multi-slice spiral CT machines: 16-channel CT scanner (Sensation 16, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany; Brilliance 16, Philips Healthcare, Cleveland, OH), 64-channel CT scanner (Brilliance 64, Philips Healthcare, DA Best, the Netherlands; Optima CT660, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Optima CT680, GE Health-care, Milwaukee, WI, USA), and 128-channel CT scanner (Brilliance ICT, Philips Healthcare, Cleveland, OH, USA).
Detector collimations of 0.75, 0.625, and 0.625 mm were used for 16-, 64- and 128-detector CT scanner, respectively. Other imaging parameters were shown as follows: Pitch of 0.9–1.5, 2.5–3 mm section thickness, matrix of 512 × 512, gantry rotation time of 0.5–0.75 s, tube voltage of 120 kV, and automated tube current modulation (200–400 mA) with a noise index.
For contrast-enhanced examinations, a total of 1.5 mL/kg of non-ionic contrast agent with different iodine concentrations (300–350 mg/mL) was injected using a power injector at a rate of 3–4 mL/s via an intravenous catheter, followed by a 20-mL flush of sterile saline. Then, arterial phase, portal venous phase, delayed-phase images were acquired at approximately 30–35 s, 55–60 s, 120–180 s after contrast agent injection, respectively. Images were reconstructed at 2-mm intervals with a 2-mm section thickness.
Detector collimations of 0.75, 0.625, and 0.625 mm were used for 16-, 64- and 128-detector CT scanner, respectively. Other imaging parameters were shown as follows: Pitch of 0.9–1.5, 2.5–3 mm section thickness, matrix of 512 × 512, gantry rotation time of 0.5–0.75 s, tube voltage of 120 kV, and automated tube current modulation (200–400 mA) with a noise index.
For contrast-enhanced examinations, a total of 1.5 mL/kg of non-ionic contrast agent with different iodine concentrations (300–350 mg/mL) was injected using a power injector at a rate of 3–4 mL/s via an intravenous catheter, followed by a 20-mL flush of sterile saline. Then, arterial phase, portal venous phase, delayed-phase images were acquired at approximately 30–35 s, 55–60 s, 120–180 s after contrast agent injection, respectively. Images were reconstructed at 2-mm intervals with a 2-mm section thickness.
8
Standardized Volumetric Chest CT Imaging
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All patients underwent volumetric chest CT scans during full inspiration using one of the following scanners: Somatom Sensation 16 (Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany) (n = 239), Brilliance 16 (Philips Healthcare, Best, Netherlands) (n = 52), or Brilliance CT 40-channel (Philips Healthcare) (n = 31). Scan parameters were 100–133 mAs, 140 kVp, 0.75 or 0.625 collimation, and pitch 1.0. CT data were reconstructed at a 0.75-mm slice thickness and 0.7-mm increment using a B30f kernel for the Somatom Sensation 16 CT and a 0.8-mm slice thickness and 0.8-mm increment using a standard reconstruction algorithm for the other two CT scanners. CT scanners were calibrated every week using an The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) standard phantom. Patients were scanned in the supine position from the thoracic inlet to the lung base.
9
MDCT Angiography Protocol for Heart Rate Control
10
CT Imaging Protocol for COVID-19 Patients
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All the PC patients during hospitalization had at least one chest CT scan. Brain CT scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed on those patients with CNS symptoms. Routine CT scans were performed on a series of CT systems (Somatom Sensation 16, Siemens Medical Systems, Forchheim, Germany; Aquilion 64, Toshiba Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan; Brilliance 16, Philips Medical Systems, Amsterdam, Netherlands). Consecutive 2 to 5 mm thick sections were fetched from the lung apex throughout the base for chest CT scan. Thick section for brain CT scan is 5 mm. Window settings used for browsing lung parenchyma were at width 1400–1600 Hu, level − 550 to − 600 Hu; corresponding values for soft tissues were at width 400 Hu, level 40 Hu. Window settings used for browsing brain were at width 80 Hu, level 40 Hu. MRI was performed on Sonata 1.5T, Siemens Medical Systems, Forchheim, Germany. Brain MRI has a series of scanning sequences including T2WI, T1WI, DWI and T2WI FLAIR.
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