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23 protocols using ficoll paque

1

Analyzing Inflammatory Markers in PBMCs

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We kept the blood samples in coated vials of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to assess the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 receptor (IL-6r), and CRP genes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were separated during density gradient centrifugation (Ficoll-paque, Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, and Germany) by Ficoll-Histopaque solution gradient (Ficoll-paque, Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, and Germany). Total RNA from PBMC cells was extracted by Trizol Reagent kit (YTzol pure RNA, Iran) and 1 µg of the extracted RNA was used for complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis by Prime Script-RT Reagent kits (Takara Bio Ink. Tokyo, Japan). We purchased special primers from Metabion (Metabion, Germany) whose sequences are shown in Table 1. Data were normalized to the rate of 18S rRNA expressing as housekeeping gene and then calculated based on fold change formula. All samples were conducted in three versions.

Primers sequences for RT-PCR amplification

Gene name and symbolSequence (5′ → 3′)
TNF-αF: 5′-GTCAACCTCCTCTCTGCCAT-3′
R: 5′CCAAAGTAGACCTGCCCAGA-3′
IL-6F: 5′-GGTACATCCTCGACGGCATCT-3′
R: 5′-GT GCCTCTTTGCTGCTTTCAC-3′
CRPF: 5′-TTTTCTCGTATGCCACCAAG-3′
R: 5′-TTTCC AATGTCTCCCACCAG-3′
18 s rRNAF: 5′-ACCCGTTGAACCCCATTCGTG A-3′
R: 5′-GCCTCACTAAACCATCCAATCGG-3′

F forward, R reverse

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2

Osteoclast Differentiation from PBMC

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll-Paque PLUS separation and CD14+ cells were labelled with CD14 MicroBeads and extracted using a MACS column according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Miltenyi). Cells were then seeded in 96-well plates (3 × 105 cells/cm2) in complete α-MEM medium (Gibco cat no 22561-021) supplemented with 10% heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS, Sigma cat no F7524), 2 mM GlutaMAX (Gibco cat no 35050-038), 50 µg/ml gentamicin (Gibco cat no 15750-037), 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 µg/ml streptomycin (Gibco cat no 15140-148) and 30 ng/ml human M-CSF (M, R&D Systems cat no 216-MC-025/CF). For osteoclast generation, 2 ng/ml recombinant mouse RANKL (RL, R&D Systems cat no 462-TEC-010) was added from the start of the experiments (day 0). Media was replenished every three days and the cells were stained for TRAP at different days of culture using the Acid Phosphatase, Leukocyte (TRAP) Kit from Sigma (cat no 387A). TRAP+ cells containing three or more nuclei were counted as TRAP+ multinucleated osteoclast (MuOCL).
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3

PBMC Isolation from Whole Blood

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Fifteen milliliters of peripheral blood in EDTA-coated tubes and an additional 10 mL in tubes with a clot activator (Sarstedt, Nümbrecht, Germany) were collected. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated with the use of density gradient centrifugation from EDTA-coated tubes. Five milliliters of whole blood diluted with 5 mL of normal saline on 5 mL of Ficoll-Paque™ (Milteny Biotec, Bergisch-Gladbach, Germany) was layered in 15 mm tubes and centrifuged at 400× g for 30 min. With the use of a Pasteur pipette, PBMCs were removed from buffy coats. Trypan blue (0.4% trypan blue solution; Sigma-Aldrich, Hamburg, Germany) was utilized to count PBMCs and assay them for viability. Only PBMCs with a viability ≥95% were deemed eligible. Serum from the tubes with a clot activator was frozen and stored at −80 °C until used.
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4

Isolation of PBMC and Plasma Cells

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Blood samples collected from healthy volunteers were processed by Ficoll–Paque (GE Healthcare, Boston, MA, United States) gradient to obtain peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). MM cells from individuals affected by MM were obtained from bone marrow samples after informed consent was obtained in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approval by the Institutional Review Board of the Dana–Farber Cancer Institute. Mononuclear cells were separated using Ficoll–Paque density sedimentation, and plasma cells were purified (>95% CD138+) by positive selection with anti–CD138 magnetic activated cell separation micro beads (Miltenyi Biotec, Cambridge, MA, United States).
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5

Isolation of PBMC from Whole Blood

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We collected 5 mL of peripheral blood in EDTA-coated tubes (Sarstedt, Nümbrecht, Germany) to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Briefly, 5 mL of the whole blood diluted with 5 mL of saline was layered onto 5 mL of Ficoll-Paque™ (Milteny Biotec, Bergisch-Gladbach, Germany) in 15 mm tubes. The tubes were then continuously centrifuged at 400× g for 30 min. The PBMC layer was subsequently harvested, and cells were counted and assayed for viability after applying trypan blue (0.4% trypan blue solution; Sigma Aldrich, Hamburg, Germany). Only PBMC with a viability ≥95% were included in further experimentation [17 (link),18 (link)].
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6

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Isolation

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A total of 15 mL of peripheral blood was collected in EDTA-coated tubes (Sarstedt, Nümbrecht, Germany), and PBMCs and plasma were isolated by density gradient centrifugation (using Ficoll-Paque™; Milteny Biotec, Bergisch-Gladbach, Germany) at 400 g for 30 min. Plasma was stored at −80 °C until use. Only PBMCs with a viability of ≥95% (determined using 0.4% trypan blue solution; Sigma Aldrich, Hamburg, Germany) were used in subsequent experiments [25 (link),30 (link)].
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7

Differentiation and Isolation of Human and Mouse ATIICs

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A hiPSC line, hiPSC-26B [2 (link)] was cultured on Matrigel-coated plates in differentiation medium (DM) containing 20% FBS (HyClone, Logan, UT, USA), 1% nonessential amino acid, 1 mM L-glutamine, 100 μg/ml penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin, and 20 μg/ml G418 in Knockout DMEM (Gibco, Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA) for 14 days, which allows us to select a pure population of functional ATIICs. The hATIICs and mATIICs (mouse primary ATIICs) were prepared as previously described [21 (link), 22 (link)]. Human peripheral blood monocytes (hmonos) and NK cells were isolated from peripheral blood samples (Gulf Coast Regional Blood Center, Houston, TX, USA) by using the density gradient centrifugation (Ficoll-Paque) and the NK Cell Isolation Kit (MACS; Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany), respectively, as previously reported [23 (link)].
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8

Isolation of Human Peripheral Blood MNC

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Blood samples were obtained through the blood bank center of Lyon (France), following institutionally approved guidelines. MNC were extracted from healthy human peripheral blood by density gradient centrifugation (Ficoll-Paque, Miltenyl Biotec). MNC were stored in liquid nitrogen prior to use.
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9

Cytokine profiling of S1 and NRICM102 treated monocytes

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from blood samples of healthy donors. Human monocytes were isolated from PBMCs as described previously [31] (link). In brief, PBMCs were separated from whole blood by using Ficoll-Paque™ density gradient centrifugation, and monocytes (98% pure CD14+) were isolated from PBMCs by using a classical monocyte isolation kit (Miltenyi Biotec). The isolated monocytes were treated with S1 (100 μg/mL) and NRICM102 for 24 hr. The supernatant was prepared for cytokine determination. The cytokine expression was detected with a human XL Cytokine Array kit (Cytokine Array, R&D) that can detect 109 kinds of cytokines.
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10

Isolation of Murine B Cell Subsets

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Human PBMC purified B cells were isolated by Ficoll-Paque, followed by anti-CD19 magnetic beads (Miltenyi Biotec). Splenic naive B cells were purified using a B cell isolation kit by negative selection (Miltenyi Biotec). Splenic Pre-GC and GC B cells were first enriched by streptavidin magnetic beads conjugated with a mixture of biotinylated anti-CD11b, anti-CD11c, anti-IgD, anti-CD138, anti-CD3, and anti-Ter119 (Miltenyi Biotec), followed by cell sorting using a BD FACSAria III Cell Sorter. Splenic Pre-GC cells defined as B220+ IgD CD38+ GL7+ cells were isolated from PyNL-infected mice on day 9 after infection. Splenic mature GC B cells defined as B220+ IgD CD38 GL7+ cells were purified from mice recovered from PyNL infection after day 28 infection.
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