Nanopure 2

Except where noted otherwise, deionized water (Nanopure II, Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) was used in the preparation of all reagents. Solid FB₁ was provided by Robert Eppley (USFDA). Solid FB₂, FB₃, and FB₄ used in spiking studies were prepared at the National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research (Peoria, IL, USA) by Steve Poling and Ronald Plattner [47 (link)]. Analytical standard mixture of FB₁, FB₂, and FB_3, product number TAS-MM19LZ1-2, lot number 210128R-22138 was purchased from Trilogy Analytical Laboratory (Washington, MO, USA). Also purchased from Trilogy were two maize certified reference materials (CRMs) containing fumonisins, products TR-MT100 (lot MTC-9999D) and TCRM-M1811-100 (lot 121174(3.1M)). Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was prepared as a mixture of 0.14 M NaCl, 8.5 mM Na₂HPO₄, 1.5 mM KH₂PO₄, and 2.7 mM KCl in H₂O. FumoniTest WB immunoaffinity columns (IAC), product number G1060 were purchased from VICAM (Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA). All other chemicals were reagent grade or better and purchased from major suppliers.

Except where noted otherwise, deionized water (Nanopure II, Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) was used in the preparation of all reagents. The primary analytical standard of CTV was produced by Hayashi Pure Chemical Ind., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). For spiking of rice samples, a standard material containing both CTV and iso-CTV prepared at the USDA-NCAUR (Peoria, IL, USA) was used [21 (link)]. Acetonitrile and methanol were HPLC grade and were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Hampton, NH, USA), as was polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). 1-1′carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), 4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid (IDHA), 4,6-dimethyl-α-pyrone (DMP), and threose were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other chemicals were reagent grade or better and purchased from major suppliers.