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7 protocols using ba575 620

1

Intravital Microscopy of Tumor Cell Dynamics

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Intravital microscopy was performed on an Olympus FV1000 confocal-multiphoton imaging system using a XLUMPLFLN 20x water immersion objective (NA 1.0; Olympus America) with 2x digital zoom. Images were scanned sequentially using 405-nm, 473-nm, 559-nm, and 635-nm diode lasers with a DM405/473/559/635-nm dichroic beam splitter; emitted light was collected using combinations of beam splitters (SDM473, SDM560, and/or SDM 640) and emission filters BA430-455, BA490-540, BA575-620, and BA655-755 (all Olympus America).
Dorsal window chamber imaging was performed following previously described procedures (16 (link)); briefly, 2 million HT1080-membrane-mApple cells in 50 μl PBS were injected under the fascia of nu/nu mice (Cox7, MGH) 30 min after surgical chamber implantation and imaged two weeks later.
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2

Intravital Imaging of IL-12 Induction

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Mice bearing dorsal window chambers with MC38-mTAG-BFP2 cells were imaged to determine the kinetics of IL-12 induction in the tumor microenvironment. Dorsal window chambers were implanted into mice using well-established techniques 37 (link). Fluorescent tumor cells (MC38-mTAGBFP2) were implanted in the window chambers as previously described 47 ,48 (link) and allowed to grow for 8-10 days before imaging experiments, with tumor growth monitored regularly.
All confocal images were collected using a customized Olympus FV1000 confocal microscope (Olympus America). A 2x (XLFluor, NA 0.14), a 4x (UPlanSApo, NA 0.16), and an XLUMPlanFL N 20x (NA 1.0) water immersion objective were used for imaging (Olympus America). Tumor cells (MC38-TagBFP2), fusion-protein IL-12-GFP, and CANDIAF647 were excited sequentially using a 405 nm, a 473 nm, and a 633 nm diode laser in combination with a DM-405/488/559/635 nm dichroic beam splitter. Emitted light was further separated by beam splitters (SDM-473, SDM-560, and SDM-640) and emission filters BA430-455, BA490-540, BA575-620, and BA655-755 (Olympus America). Confocal laser power settings were carefully optimized to avoid photobleaching, phototoxicity, or tissue damage. Fiji (ImageJ, 2.3.0/1.54d) was used for image analysis.
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Intravital Imaging of Tumor PD-1 Dynamics

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Intravital microscopy was performed in dorsal skin-fold window chambers installed on DPE-GFP or GREAT mice inoculated with MC38-H2B-mApple tumors. Mouse macrophages and/or vasculature were labeled with Pacific Blue ferumoxytol and dextran, respectively. AF647-aPD-1 (200 μg) was delivered i.v. and its tumor distribution was observed using an Olympus FluoView FV1000MPE confocal imaging system (Olympus America), as described previously (44 (link)). Pacific Blue, GFP/YFP, mApple, and AF647 were imaged sequentially using 405, 473, 559, and 635 nm lasers and BA430-455, BA490-540, BA575-620, BA575-675 emission filters with DM473, SDM560, and SDM 640 beam splitters, all sourced from Olympus America. Time lapse images were acquired continually over the first hour following AF647-aPD-1 injection, after which the mice were allowed to recover before subsequent imaging.
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4

Intravital Imaging of HT1080 Xenografts

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In HT1080 xenograft experiments, NP was injected via tail-vein catheter immediately after mixing to a final 1 × PBS solution. Intravital microscopy was performed on an Olympus FV1000 Confocal-Multiphoton Imaging System using a XLUMPLFLN × 20 water-immersion objective (NA 1.0; Olympus America); 2 × digital zoom; sequential scanning using 405-nm, 473-nm, 559-nm and 635-nm diode lasers and a DM405/473/559/635-nm dichroic beam splitter; and collection of emitted light using beam splitters (SDM473, SDM560 and/or SDM 640) and emission filters BA430-455, BA490-540, BA575-620 and BA655-755 (all Olympus America). Dorsal window chamber imaging was performed following previously described procedures61 (link), such that two million HT1080-53BP1-mApple cells were suspended in 50 μl PBS, injected under the fascia of nu/nu mice (Cox7; MGH) 30 min after surgical chamber implantation and imaged 2 weeks later. Terminal orthotopic imaging was performed by surgically opening the peritoneal cavity 24 h following intraperitoneal drug injection.
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5

Intravital Microscopy of Tumor Vasculature

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TNPs were injected at the indicated dose (1 mg kg−1 unless otherwise stated) via tail-vein catheter immediately after mixing to a final 1 × PBS solution, at a final volume of 100 μl. Intravital microscopy was performed on an Olympus FV1000 multiphoton imaging system using a XLUMPLFLN × 20 water immersion objective (numerical aperture=1.0; Olympus America). Images were scanned sequentially using 405-, 473-, 559- and 633-nm diode lasers in combination with a DM405/488/559/635-nm dichroic beam splitter. Emitted light was then separated and collected using appropriate combinations of beam splitters (SDM473, SDM560 and/or SDM 640) and emission filters BA490–540, BA575–620, BA575–675 and/or BA655–755 (all Olympus America). Dextran pacific blue (λex=405 nm) was injected to initially image TMV as previously described29 (link). Briefly, 500-kDa amino-dextran (Thermo) was labelled with Pacific Blue succinimidyl ester (Thermo), purified using 30 kDa MWCO centrifugal filtration (Amicon), and 250 μg i.v. injected 10 min before imaging. Dorsal window chamber imaging was performed following previously described procedures29 (link)69 70 (link). Briefly, 2 million HT1080–53BP1-mApple cells were suspended in 50 μl PBS and injected under the fascia of nu/nu mice (Cox7, MGH) 30 min following surgical chamber implantation, and imaged 2 weeks later.
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6

Intravital Imaging of Tumor Microenvironment

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Dorsal windows were implanted into IL-12 eYFP reporter mice.53 (link), 54 (link) All confocal images were collected using a customized Olympus FV1000 confocal microscope (Olympus America). A 2x (XLFluor, NA 0.14), a 4x (UPlanSApo, NA 0.16), and an XLUMPlanFL N 20x (NA 1.0) water immersion objective were used for imaging (Olympus America). MC38 H2B-apple tumor cells, HAMTAF647, and vascular probes were excited sequentially using a 405 nm, a 473 nm, a 559 nm, and a 633 nm diode laser, respectively, in combination with a DM-405/488/559/635 nm dichroic beam splitter. Emitted light was further separated by beam splitters (SDM-473, SDM-560, and SDM-640) and emission filters BA430-455, BA490-540, BA575-620, and BA655-755 (Olympus America). Confocal laser power settings were carefully optimized to avoid photobleaching, phototoxicity, or damage to the tissues. FIJI (ImageJ, 2.9.0/1.53t) was used for image analysis. HAMTAF647 was administered as a single injection containing a mixture of HAMT 1+2+3 (5 mg per injection, 100 μL) and CANDIAF647 (5 mg, 100 μL).
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7

Intravital Imaging of Tumor Microenvironment

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TNPs were injected at the indicated dose (1 mg kg−1 unless otherwise stated) via tail-vein catheter immediately after mixing to a final 1x phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution, at a final volume of 100 μl. Intravital microscopy was performed on an Olympus FV1000 multiphoton imaging system using a XLUMPLFLN 20x water immersion objective (NA 1.0; Olympus America). Images were scanned sequentially using 405-nm, 473-nm, 559-nm and 633-nm diode lasers in combination with a DM405/488/559/635-nm dichroic beam splitter. Emitted light was then separated and collected using appropriate combinations of beam splitters (SDM473, SDM560 and/or SDM 640) and emission filters BA490-540, BA575-620, BA575-675 and/or BA655-755 (all Olympus America). Dextran pacific blue (λex = 405 nm) was injected to initially image TMV as previously described28 (link). Briefly, 500 kDa amino-dextran (Thermo) was labeled with Pacific Blue succinimidyl ester (Thermo), purified using 30 kDa MWCO centrifugal filtration (Amicon), and 250 μg intravenously injected 10 min prior to imaging. Dorsal window chamber imaging was performed following previously described procedures28 (link),67 ,68 (link). Briefly, 2 million HT1080-53BP1-mApple cells were suspended in 50 μl PBS and injected under the fascia of nu/nu mice (Cox7, MGH) 30 min following surgical chamber implantation, and imaged two weeks later.
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