Sodium hypochlorite

Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO, 14%), sodium hydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄), sodium chloride (NaCl), calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl₂∙2H₂O), magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO₄∙7H₂O), sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO₃), potassium nitrate (KNO₃), sodium nitrate (NaNO₃), calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl₂∙6H₂O), potassium sulfate (K₂SO₄), sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄), calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO₄∙2H₂O), boric acid (H₃BO₃, 0.5%), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂, 30%), and chloride acid (HCl, 0.1 M) were purchased from Scharlab S.L., Barcelona, Spain. The ultrapure water (Milli-Q) used in the experiments was obtained from Millipore, Molsheim, France, equipment (conductivity less than 0.055 µS cm⁻¹).
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC, Mw 112,000 g mol⁻¹) was supplied by ATOCHEM, Madrid, Spain. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was purchased from Scharlab S.L. Amberlite^® IRA-402 (Cl⁻ form, total exchange capacity ≥ 1.0 mol L⁻¹) was supplied by Merck Life Science, Darmstadt, Germany, S.L.U.

Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO, 14%), tetrahydrofuran (THF), sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄) and sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) were purchased from Scharlab S.L., Barcelona, Spain Polyvinylchloride (PVC, Mw = 112,000 g·mol⁻¹) was supplied by ATOCHEM S.A., Madrid, Spain. Amberlite^® IRA-402 and Lewatit^® Sybron Ionac^® SR-7 anion exchange resins were supplied by Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. Purolite^® A600/9413 anion exchange resin was supplied by MemBrain^® s.r.o., Stráž pod Ralskem, Czech Republic. The characteristics of the anion exchange resins are reported in Table 1. MilliQ water was used throughout the experiments.

Bleached eucalyptus pulp (BEP), supplied by Emcee, Navia, Spain, was used as cellulosic resource to produce nanofibrillated cellulose (CNF). 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) (98% purity, Sigma Aldrich, Madrid, Spain) used as catalyst, sodium bromide (NaBr, ≥99% purity), sodium hypochlorite (NaClO, 5% w/w of chlorine), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 98% purity), all supplied by Scharlau, Barcelona, Spain, were the reactants used in the TEMPO-mediated oxidation.
Potato starch (food grade, applied for food market) was provided by Avebe, Veendam, The Netherlands and used, without any prior purification, as biodegradable polymer matrix. Glycerol (95% purity) was provided by Scharlau, Barcelona, Spain and added as a plasticizer.
α-amylase (Aquazym 480L, declared activity 480 KNU-B/g) was kindly provided by Novozymes, Baggsværd, Denmark and used as received to perform the enzymatic hydrolytic study.