Clocinnamox

Manufactured by Bio-Techne

Sourced in United States

Clocinnamox is a laboratory equipment product offered by Bio-Techne. It is a specialized tool designed for specific applications in research and scientific experimentation. The core function of Clocinnamox is to perform a specific task, but a detailed description cannot be provided while maintaining an unbiased and factual approach.

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Lab products found in correlation

3 protocols using clocinnamox

Intracerebroventricular Drug Administration in Rodents

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The following drugs and chemicals were used: PnPP-19 (synthesized by China Peptides, China), the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (Sigma, USA), the μ-opioid receptor antagonist clocinnamox (Tocris, USA), the δ-opioid receptor antagonist naltrindole (Tocris, USA), the κ-opioid receptor antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (Sigma, USA), the aminopeptidase inhibitor bestatin (Sigma, USA), AM251 [N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide; Tocris, USA], AM630 {6-iodo-2-methyl-1-[2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl(4-ethoxyphenyl) methanone; Tocris, USA}, MAFP [(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenyl-methyl ester phosphonofluoridic acid, Tocris, USA] and VDM11 [(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-N-(4-Hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenamide, Tocris, USA].
The drugs were dissolved as follows: PnPP-19 (saline), naloxone (saline), clocinnamox (saline), naltrindole (saline), nor-binaltorphimine (saline), bestatin (saline), AM251 and AM630 (12% DMSO in saline), MAFP (10% DMSO in saline), VDM11 (10% in saline) and injected at a volume of 2 μL into the lateral ventricle. The saline used for dilution of all drugs contained 0.5% Evans Blue.

da Fonseca Pacheco D., Freitas A.C., Pimenta A.M., Duarte I.D, & de Lima M.E. (2016). A spider derived peptide, PnPP-19, induces central antinociception mediated by opioid and cannabinoid systems. The Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases, 22, 34.

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Pharmacological Evaluation of Analgesic Drugs

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Diazepam and U50,488 were purchased from Sigma (Dorset, UK). Fluoxetine and naltrexone were supplied by Abcam Biochemicals (Cambridge, UK). Clocinnamox (CCAM) and norBNI were obtained from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK). Buprenorphine was purchased from MacFarlan Smith (Edinburgh, UK). For in vivo experiments, all drugs were dissolved in 0.9% w/v saline (Hameln Pharmaceuticals, Gloucester, UK) and injected via the intraperitoneal route at a volume of 10ml/kg, except for CCAM which was injected at a volume of 20ml/kg.

Almatroudi A., Husbands S.M., Bailey C.P, & Bailey S.J. (2015). Combined administration of buprenorphine and naltrexone produces antidepressant-like effects in mice. Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 29(7), 812-821.

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Analgesic Compounds: Purification and Preparation

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The following drugs and chemicals were used: δ-CNTX-Pn1a was purified by a combination of preparative reverse phase HPLC (RP-HPLC), ion exchange HPLC and analytical reverse phase HPLC as previously described [52 (link)]. µ-Conotoxin MVIIA was purchased from Latoxan (Valence, France). Carrageenan (Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA), Prostaglandin E₂ (Enzo Life Sciences, Farmingdale, NY, USA), AM251 (N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide; Tocris, Pittsburg, PA, USA), AM630 (6-iodo-2-methyl-1-[2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl(4-ethoxyphenyl) methanone Tocris, Pittsburgh, PA, USA), Naloxone (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), Clocinnamox (Tocris, Pittsburgh, PA, USA), Naltrindole (Tocris, Pittsburgh, PA, USA), Nor-BNI (Nor-Binaltorphimine dihydrochloride; Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) were dissolved as follows: PGE₂ (2% ethanol in saline); AM251 and AM630 (12% DMSO in saline); Carrageenan, δ-CNTX-Pn1a, µ-Conotoxin MVIIA (MVIIA), Naloxone, Clocinnamox, Naltrindole and Nor-BNI (saline).

Emerich B.L., Ferreira R.C., Cordeiro M.N., Borges M.H., Pimenta A.M., Figueiredo S.G., Duarte I.D, & de Lima M.E. (2016). δ-Ctenitoxin-Pn1a, a Peptide from Phoneutria nigriventer Spider Venom, Shows Antinociceptive Effect Involving Opioid and Cannabinoid Systems, in Rats. Toxins, 8(4), 106.

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