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5 protocols using pebax

1

Multilayer Lacrimal Duct Tube Fabrication

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Example 5

Two-layer tubes with an outer diameter of 1.35 mm and an inner diameter of 0.95 mm were formed by multi-layer extrusion using an extruder such that a layer structure included: an inner layer with a cross-sectional thickness of 0.080 mm that was composed of polyamide elastomer with a Shore hardness of 63D (Pebax (registered trademark) 6333 produced by Arkema Inc.); and an outer layer with a cross-sectional thickness of 0.120 mm that was composed of polyamide elastomer with a Shore hardness of 25D (Pebax (registered trademark) 2533 produced by Arkema Inc.).

Cylindrical member with an outer diameter of 0.70 mm was formed from polyamide elastomer with a Shore hardness of 40D using an extruder.

The 40-mm two-layer tubes were arranged as tubular members on both sides. Then, the 25-mm cylindrical member was set as an intermediate connection member. The polyamide elastomers in the tubular members and the connection member were welded together. After that, the tips of the tubular members were thermally compressed and bonded to core materials with an outer diameter of 0.86 mm using a shrink tube to form engagement portions (0.3 mm long) with an inner diameter reduced to 0.86 mm. In addition, holes were formed in the side surfaces of the tubular members at positions of 30 mm from the both ends, thereby completing a lacrimal duct tube as shown in FIG. 5.

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2

Custom Sterile Conductive Catheters

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Custom sterile electrical conducting catheters were designed and fabricated (VitalDyne Inc, Cokato, MN) with conductive elements from the hub to internal electrodes near the distal tip. The main shaft of the catheter is insulated with Pebax ® (polyether block amide copolymer, Arkema, Cary, NC) with a negative charged 4 mm long electrode ring 45 mm proximal to the tip, and a positive charged 4 mm electrode ring just 3 mm proximal to the distal tip, with an uninsulated conductive coating along 32 mm of the 40 mm space between the negative and positive electrodes. Electrode rings were made of platinum iridium alloy, with partially intervening conductive coating in between rings. This forces direct current to be externalized along the 8 mm non-conductive coated segment between the electrode rings. Although not specifically verified, this current should also travel along the thin layer of blood or saline contacting the surface of the catheter, since there are not conductive elements at that segment. The conductive elements receive predetermined current upon connection with a voltage generator and an ammeter that measure direct current.
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3

Minimally Invasive Pulmonary Valve Implantation

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The dTEHV were implanted minimally invasive into the pulmonary position into sheep, using a custom made delivery system that was introduced through the external jugular vein (Figure 11). This delivery system was developed in order to adequately deploy the stented valve. Specific features have been described in previous publications [23 (link)]. In short, the system consisted of an inner sheath made from a steel coil coated with an outer sheath made from a thermoplastic elastomer (Pebax® by Arkema, Colombe, France). At the distal part of these tubes lies the capsule—basically a broadening of the outer sheath—in which the stented valve can be loaded and released. The deployment is performed by pulling back the outer sheath over the inner sheath which functions as a counter bearing for the valve. The process of the deployment can be controlled by the handle which lies on the proximal part of the tube.
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4

Polysulfone-Graphene Oxide Composite Fabrication

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Polysulfone (PSF), with a density of 1.23 g/cm3, 79° film contact angle, a glass transition temperature of 185 °C, and an average molecular weight of 45,000–55,000 g/mol, was supplied by Gardner Global. Polyether block amide (Pebax) was provided by Arkema France under the trade name Pebax MH 1657. Graphene oxide (GO, 763713-1G) was supplied by Sigma Aldrich. The solvents used in this study, isopropyl alcohol (IPA) with 99.98% purity was supplied by HmbG Chemicals, and 99.9% ethanol and dimethylformamide (DMF) were provided by Sigma Aldrich.
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5

Synthesis of Spirobisindane-based Polymer Membrane

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The monomer4,5-dichlorophthalic anhydride was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry (TCI) Co. Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan); 5,5′,6,6′-tetrahydroxy-3,3,3,3′-tetramethyl-1,1′-spirobisindane (97%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Seoul, Korea). These were used as obtained. Zirconium chloride (ZrCl4) and 2-aminoterephthalic acid were obtained from Alfa Aesar (Seoul, Korea). Pebax was purchased from ArkemaInc. Methanol, ethanol, chloroform, dimethyl formamide, and potassium carbonate were purchased from DaeJung Chemicals & Metals Co. Ltd. (Shiheung, Korea) in South Korea. Acetic anhydride, acetic acid, and triethylamine were obtained from Sigma Aldrich. (Yongin, Korea)
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