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5 protocols using butyrylcholinesterase bche

1

Antioxidant and Cholinesterase Inhibition Assays

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Fast Blue B salt, 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH, 97%), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, from equine serum, ≥140 U/mg) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE, from Electrophorus electricus Linnæus, ≥245 U/mg), 1-naphthyl acetate, gallic acid, Trolox and solvents/reagents of analytical grade were purchased from Fluka Sigma-Aldrich, Schnelldorf, Germany. Bioluminescent marine Aliivibrio fischeri bacteria (NRRL-B11177, DSM no. 5171) were obtained from the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Berlin, Germany. Ethanol, methanol and MS grade solvents (Optima LC-MS grade) methanol and acetonitrile were provided from Thermo Fisher Scientific, Schwerte, Germany. Bacillus subtilis spores (BGA, DSM 618 strain), formic acid (96%), hydrochloric acid, ethyl acetate, butanone, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and HPTLC plates silica gel 60 F254 were obtained from Merck, Darmstadt, Germany. Thiazol blue tetrazolium bromide (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide, MTT) were purchased from Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany. Bidistilled water was prepared with a Destamat Bi 18E, Heraeus, Hanau, Germany. formic acid (98%) was from J.T. Baker, Deventer, Netherlands.
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2

Bioactivity Screening of Natural Compounds

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Polyethylene glycol 400, 2-aminoethyldiphenylborinate (97%), Fast Blue Salt B, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH, 97%), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, from equine serum, ≥140 U/mg) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE, from Electrophorus electricus Linnæus, ≥245 U/mg, 10 kU/vial), tyrosinase (from mushroom, ≥1000 U/mg, 25 kU/vial), and solvents/reagents of analytical grade were purchased from Fluka Sigma-Aldrich, Schnelldorf, Germany. Luminescent marine A. fischeri bacteria (NRRL-B11177, DSM no. 5171) were obtained from the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures. (2S)-2-Amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid (levodopa) was obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, United States. Ethanol, and methanol and its MS-grade were provided from Fisher Scientific, Schwerte, Germany. Formic acid (96%), toluene, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and HPTLC plates silica gel 60 F254 were obtained by Merck, Darmstadt, Germany. Bidistilled water was prepared with a Destamat Bi 18E, Heraeus, Hanau, Germany.
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3

Antioxidant and Cholinesterase Inhibition Assays

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Solvents of analytical grade were purchased from VWR International s.r.l. (Milan, Italy). Propyl gallate, ascorbic acid, 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS) solution, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), tripyridyltriazine (TPTZ), β-carotene, linoleic acid, Tween 20, physostigmine, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from Electrophorus electricus (EC 3.1.1.7, Type VI-S) 5,5′-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) from equine serum (EC 3.1.1.8), acetylthiocholine iodide (ATCI), and butyrylthiocholine iodide (BTCI) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich S.p.a. (Milan, Italy).
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4

Cholinesterase Enzyme Inhibition Assay

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The cholinesterase enzymes viz. Electrophorus electricus AChE (EC 3.1.1.7, from electric
eel, 1256 U/mg of protein), recombinant human AChE (EC 3.1.1.7, recombinant,
expressed in HEK 293 cells, ≥1000 units/mg protein), and butyrylcholinesterase
(BChE, E.C. 3.1.1.8, from equine serum, 855 U/mg protein) were purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich. The reagents required in the assay viz. 5,5-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic
acid) (DTNB), acetylthiocholine iodide (ATChI), S-butyrylthiocholine iodide (BTChI), and reference standard donepezil
hydrochloride were also purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
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5

Fluorescent Substrate Assay for Lipases

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Biotech (Madison, USA). 4-Methylumbelliferyl oleate (4-MUO), a lipase fluorescent substrate, was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd. Fluorescent substrates for bovine serum albumin (BSA), Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC acetate and human thrombin were purchased from Medchem Express (Shanghai, China). 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All other reagents were HPLC grade or the highest grade commercially available.
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