Sodium bicarbonate

Manufactured by Lonza

Sourced in United States

Sodium bicarbonate is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3. It is a white, crystalline solid that is commonly used as a leavening agent in baking and as an antacid for treating digestive issues. Sodium bicarbonate is a versatile chemical with various industrial and laboratory applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Hepes, by Lonza (10 mentions) L glutamine, by Lonza (10 mentions) Non essential amino acids (neaa), by Lonza (6 mentions) Penicillin, by Lonza (6 mentions) Streptomycin, by Lonza (6 mentions) Sodium pyruvate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions) Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (5 mentions) Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem), by Lonza (4 mentions) Sodium pyruvate, by Lonza (4 mentions) Lipofectamine 2000, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions) Streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions) Pen strep, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions) Ultraculture medium, by Lonza (3 mentions) Glutamine, by Lonza (2 mentions) L glutamine, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Eagle s minimal essential medium, by Lonza (2 mentions) Fungizone, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Streptomycin mixture, by Lonza (2 mentions) Fetal calf serum (fcs), by Lonza (2 mentions) Penicillin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

Sodium bicarbonate solution (2 citations)

22 protocols using sodium bicarbonate

Cell Culture Conditions for 293T and MDCK

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293T cells were cultured in DMEM (Lonza, Breda, the Netherlands) supplemented with 10% FCS, 100 IU/ml penicillin (Lonza), 100 µg/µl streptomycin (Lonza), 2 mM glutamine (Lonza), 1 mM sodiumpyruvate (Gibco, Leusden, the Netherlands) and non-essential amino acids (Lonza). Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells were cultured in EMEM (Lonza) supplemented with 10% FCS, 100 IU/ml penicillin, 100 µg/µl streptomycin, 2 mM glutamine, 1,5 mg/ml sodiumbicarbonate (Lonza), 10 mM hepes and non-essential amino acids.

Spronken M.I., van de Sandt C.E., de Jongh E.P., Vuong O., van der Vliet S., Bestebroer T.M., Olsthoorn R.C., Rimmelzwaan G.F., Fouchier R.A, & Gultyaev A.P. (2017). A compensatory mutagenesis study of a conserved hairpin in the M gene segment of influenza A virus shows its role in virus replication. RNA Biology, 14(11), 1606-1616.

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DENV2 Stock Virus Production

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DENV2 New Guinea strain was grown in AP-61 insect cells (in-house cell bank) in complete Leibovitz medium containing 1% pen/strep (Gibco), 1% L-glutamin (Gibco), 0.5% Hepes (Lonza), 0.5% sodium bicarbonate (Lonza), and 10% tryptose phosphate for the production of stock virus pools. On the day of cellular infection, an aliquot of virus was removed from the freezer (−80 °C) and allowed to thaw in water in a biological safety cabinet. Virus was diluted into assay medium (10⁴ TCID₅₀), and 100 µL of this was added to each well, resulting in a TCID₅₀ of 100. Cells were incubated for 2 h at 37 °C/5% CO₂ and washed 3 times with blank assay medium. Directly after washing, 100 µL of the compound dilutions were added to each well.

Damen M., Izidoro M.A., Okamoto D.N., Oliveira L.C., Amatdjais-Groenen H.I., van Dongen S.F., van Cleef K.W., van Rij R.P., Dieteren C.E., Gironés D., van Buuren B.N., Martina B.E., Osterhaus A.D., Juliano L., Scholte B.J, & Feiters M.C. (2022). Cationic Geminoid Peptide Amphiphiles Inhibit DENV2 Protease, Furin, and Viral Replication. Molecules, 27(10), 3217.

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Preparation of Rhesus Kidney Cells for Antiviral Assay

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LLC-MK2 (Monkey Rhesus Kidney cells; CCL-7.1) were passaged in assay medium (EMEM (Lonza Cat No: BESP069F) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated FCS (Lonza), 2% Pen/strep (Gibco), 2% L-Glutamine (Gibco), 2% Hepes (Lonza), and 1% sodium bicarbonate (Lonza)) prior to use in the antiviral assay. Cells were seeded in 96-well plates (10⁵ cells/well) in assay medium to be exposed 16–24 h later to compounds and viruses. The plates were incubated at 37 °C/5% CO₂ overnight to allow for cell adherence.

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Cell Line Maintenance Conditions

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HEK-293 T cells were maintained in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM, Gibco) supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS), 1X non-essential amino acids (Lonza), 1 mM sodium pyruvate (Gibco), 2 mM L-glutamine (Lonza), 100 μg/mL streptomycin (Lonza) and 100 U/mL penicillin. Cos-7, Vero, and VeroE6 cells were maintained in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 1.5 mg/mL sodium bicarbonate (Lonza), 10 mM HEPES (Lonza), 2 mM L-glutamine, 100 μg/mL streptomycin and 100 U/mL penicillin. All cell lines were maintained at 37°C in a 5% CO₂ humidified incubator.

Mykytyn A.Z., Lamers M.M., Okba N.M., Breugem T.I., Schipper D., van den Doel P.B., van Run P., van Amerongen G., de Waal L., Koopmans M.P., Stittelaar K.J., van den Brand J.M, & Haagmans B.L. (2021). Susceptibility of rabbits to SARS-CoV-2. Emerging Microbes & Infections, 10(1), 1-7.

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Preparing C. albicans Cultures for Antifungal Susceptibility Testing

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Two strains of C. albicans were used. ATCC 64124 is the Darlington strain originally isolated from a patient suffering from chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and treated with ketoconazole.^{10 (link)} HMV4C is a laboratory strain from the Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research (courtesy of Dr. David Drake, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa). Both strains were maintained on trypticase soy agar and cultured weekly. Their identities were confirmed with a Bruker Daltonik MALDI Biotyper (State Hygienic Laboratory, University of Iowa Research Park, Coralville, IA).
Cultures were prepared as described in the M27-A2 document from the Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts; Approved Standard, Second Edition ISBN 1-56238-469-4.¹¹C. albicans was cultured in RPMI 1640 media with 0.165 M MOPS, with L-glutamine, and without sodium bicarbonate (Lonza, Walkersville, MD) and incubated at 35°C. After 3 hours, the C. albicans culture turbidity was adjusted to an optical density of 80% transmittance (0.108 optical density) at 530 nm in a spectrophotometer (Spectronic 20D1; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA). Culture suspensions adjusted to this concentration typically contained 1.2 to 3.7 × 10⁶ CFU/ml. Culture suspensions were diluted 10⁻³-fold in RPMI 1640 media containing resazurin (Alamar Blue; Invitrogen Corp., Carlsbad, CA).

Garaicoa J.L., Fischer C.L., Bates A.M., Holloway J., Avila-Ortiz G., Guthmiller J.M., Johnson G.K., Stanford C, & Brogden K.A. (2016). Promise of Combining Antifungal Agents in Denture Adhesives to Fight Candida Species Infections. Journal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists, 27(8), 755-762.

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Maintenance of P. falciparum FCR3 Expressing IT4VAR20

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Plasmodium falciparum laboratory strain FCR3 expressing the IT4VAR20 PfEMP1 (6 (link)) were maintained in blood type O+ with 0.125 μg/ml Albumax II (Invitrogen), 25 mM sodium bicarbonate (Lonza), 2 mM L-glutamine (Sigma-Aldrich), and 0.125 μg/ml gentamycin (Lonza) supplemented RPMI-1640 HEPES medium. The parasites were maintained in a mixture of 5% CO₂ and 2% O₂. Routine antibody and protein selections i were done to ensure proper parasite phenotype and QPCR was used to assess var gene transcription as previously described (6 (link)).

Petersen J.E., Bouwens E.A., Tamayo I., Turner L., Wang C.W., Stins M., Theander T.G., Hermida J., Mosnier L.O, & Lavstsen T. (2015). Protein C system defects inflicted by the malaria parasite protein PfEMP1 can be overcome by a soluble EPCR variant. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 114(5), 1038-1048.

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Culturing Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

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HUVECs were purchased from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA, USA), and cultured on gelatin-coated T-75 tissue culture flasks with supplemented M199 medium (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA). M199 was supplemented with 1 % (v/v) 0.2 M L-glutamine, 1.5 % (v/v) 1 M HEPES (4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid from Lonza Walkersville, Walkersville, MD, USA), 1.8 % PSG (penicillin-streptomycin-glutamine from Lonza Walkersville, Walkersville, MD, USA), 15 % (v/v) fetal calf serum (FBS), sodium bicarbonate (Lonza Walkersville, Walkersville, MD, USA), and heparin salt (Fisher Bioreagents, Fair Lawn, NJ, USA). Endothelial cell growth supplement (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA) was added to the supplemented M199 to achieve a final concentration of 40 μg/ml. Full media was stored at 4 °C for use up to 4 weeks. HUVECs were grown to 80 % or greater confluency and were passaged using a 50:50 mixture of trypsin-versene and HBSS (Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution from Lonza Walkersville, Walkersville, MD, USA) before being used in experiments. Only cells between passages 3 and 6 were used.

Ammann K.R., DeCook K.J., Tran P.L., Merkle V.M., Wong P.K, & Slepian M.J. (2015). Collective cell migration of smooth muscle and endothelial cells: impact of injury versus non-injury stimuli. Journal of Biological Engineering, 9, 19.

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Culture Conditions for 293T and MDCK Cells

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Cells were grown essentially as described in ref. (32 (link)). 293T cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (Lonza, Breda, The Netherlands) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Greiner), 1% nonessential aas (NEAAs) (Lonza), 1 mM sodium pyruvate (Gibco), 2 mM glutamine (L-glu, Lonza), 100 IU/mL penicillin (PEN) (Lonza), and 100 μg/mL streptomycin (STR) (Lonza). Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells were cultured in Eagle’s minimal essential medium (Lonza) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, 1% NEAAs, 1.5 mg/mL sodium bicarbonate (Lonza), 10 mM Hepes (Lonza), 2 mM glutamine, 100 IU/mL PEN, and 100 μg/mL STR.

Rosu M.E., Lexmond P., Bestebroer T.M., Hauser B.M., Smith D.J., Herfst S, & Fouchier R.A. (2022). Substitutions near the HA receptor binding site explain the origin and major antigenic change of the B/Victoria and B/Yamagata lineages. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(42), e2211616119.

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Human iPSC-derived Neural Progenitor Cells

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Human induced pluripotent stem cell (IPSC)-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) (Ax0015; Axol, Cambridge, United Kingdom) were cultured in neural maintenance basal medium with supplements (Ax0031; Axol) according to the manufacturer’s specification. Human IPSC-derived NPCs were grown on plates coated with 20 µg/ml laminin (L2020; Sigma-Aldrich). Human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH and human glioblastoma U87-MG cells were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and grown in Eagle’s minimum essential medium (EMEM) with Earle’s balanced salt solution (EBSS [Lonza, Breda, The Netherlands) containing 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (HI-FBS [Lonza]), 100 U penicillin (Gibco Life Sciences, USA), 100 µg/ml streptomycin (Gibco), 2 mM l-glutamine (Lonza), 1% nonessential amino acids (Lonza), 1 mM sodium pyruvate (Gibco), and 1.5 mg/ml sodium bicarbonate (Lonza). Both immortalized cell lines SK-N-SH and U87-MG were used below passage 25. Vero cells (ATCC, USA) were grown in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) containing 10% HI-FBS, 100 µg/ml streptomycin, 100 U penicillin, 2 mM l-glutamine, 1% sodium bicarbonate, and 1% HEPES buffer (all from Gibco). Human NPCs are primary cells, while the other cells are from immortalized cell lines. All cells used in this study tested negative for Mycoplasma sp.

Anfasa F., Siegers J.Y., van der Kroeg M., Mumtaz N., Stalin Raj V., de Vrij F.M., Widagdo W., Gabriel G., Salinas S., Simonin Y., Reusken C., Kushner S.A., Koopmans M.P., Haagmans B., Martina B.E, & van Riel D. (2017). Phenotypic Differences between Asian and African Lineage Zika Viruses in Human Neural Progenitor Cells. mSphere, 2(4), e00292-17.

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Plaque Assay for MNV-1 Virus Titer

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MNV-1 virus stock titer was estimated by plaque assay. RAW 264.7 cells were infected with 100 μl of virus stock (~10⁷ pfu/ml) and incubated for 1 hr with gentle rocking manually at 15 min intervals. The surface medium was then aspirated and an agar containing 50:50 of 1% LE agarose (Gold Bio, St. Louis, MO) and 2X minimum essential medium (MEM) was poured over the infected cells. 2X MEM consisted of Cellgro MEM powder (Corning Mediatech, Manassas, VA), 10% Hyclone fetal bovine serum (GE Healthcare, Pittsburgh, PA), 3% HEPES (Lonza), 2% penicillin/streptomycin (Lonza), 2% sodium pyruvate (Corning Mediatech), 2% L-Glutamine (Lonza), 2% non-essential amino acids (Lonza) and 3% sodium bicarbonate (Lonza). The plates were incubated at 37°C with 5% CO₂ for 48 hrs. PBS containing 3.7% formaldehyde (Acros Organics) was then added to fix the cells on the plates for 2 hrs. The agar layer was removed and the plates were stained with 1% crystal violet (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA). Visual plaques were counted to calculate the plaque forming units per ml (pfu/ml).

Kang W, & Cannon J.L. (2015). A Membrane-Based Electro-Separation Method (MBES) for Sample Clean-Up and Norovirus Concentration. PLoS ONE, 10(10), e0141484.

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