The densities (ρ) of pure GILs, MeCN and their binary mixtures were experimentally determined in the temperature range from 283.15 to 333.15 K at an interval of 5 K, employing an Anton Paar DMA 5000M digital vibrating tube densimeter automatically thermostated within ±0.01 K at ambient pressure. The accuracy and precision of the densimeter were at ±0.000005 g cm−3, and the uncertainty of the measurements was estimated to be better than ±0.000001 g cm−3. Before each measurement, the densimeter was calibrated at 283.15 K, 288.15 K, 293.15 K, 298.15 K, 303.15 K, 308.15 K, 313.15 K, 318.15 K, 323.15 K, 328.15 K and 333.15 K with deionized water and dry air. To reduce the uncertainties in the density values, viscosity corrections needed for GILs with highly viscous liquids are automatically made by the densimeter. Each experimental density value is the average of three measurements at each temperature. The experimental densities of MeCN were compared with the available literature data21–25 (link) to confirm the procedure and reproducibility of our present measurements (see Table S1 in ESI† ).
Dma 5000 m
Manufactured by Anton Paar
Sourced in Austria, United Kingdom
The DMA 5000 M is a digital density meter that measures the density of liquids, solutions, and suspensions. It utilizes the oscillating U-tube principle to determine the density of the sample with high accuracy and precision.
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Lab products found in correlation
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Lovis 2000 m me, by Anton Paar (1 mentions)
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22 protocols using dma 5000 m
1
Density Measurements of GILs and MeCN
2
Synthesis and Characterization of Uranyl-Imidazolium Ionic Liquid
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All the chemicals used in this study were analytical grade. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (C4mimTf2N) was procured from Shanghai Cheng Jie Chemical Co., LTD., China. N-Methylimidazole, 4-bromo-1-butanol, dibutyl phosphate, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTf2N), and other reagents were purchased from Aladdin Industrial Corporation. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were recorded on a Bruker Avance 400 MHz spectrometer. TGA was conducted on a TA 2950 instrument. The densities were determined using an Anton Paar DMA 5000 M oscillating tube density meter. The concentration of uranium was measured using an AttoM (Nu Instruments, Wreham, UK) high-resolution sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (SF-ICP-MS).
3
Viscosity, Density, and Refractive Index Characterization of Polymer Solutions
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The viscosity of the dope solution was determined using a rolling-ball viscometer (Model: Lovis 2000 M/ME, Anton Paar, Ashland, AL, USA). An amount of 100 μL sample solution was taken and put in a capillary tube with a metal ball and the sample viscosity was determined by considering the time taken for the ball to travel through the sample solution in the capillary tube.
The density of the dope solution was determined using a digital density meter (Model: DMA 5000 M, Anton Paar) with an oscillating capillary U-tube. The measurement of density is based on the frequency of oscillation. An amount of 1 mL sample solution is filled into a U-shaped oscillating capillary tube. The density meter is set in connection with the rolling ball viscometer. For the determination of viscosity and density, PC/DCM dope solutions with 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 17, 19 and 21 wt % polymer concentrations and PC/NMP solutions with 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 wt % polymer concentrations were used. The same sample solutions were also analyzed for the refractive index using a refractometer (RX5000α, Atago, Washington, DC, USA). The refractometer was first calibrated with distilled water of known refractive index. About 2–3 mL of the sample solution was drawn and put in the sample cone of the refractometer.
The density of the dope solution was determined using a digital density meter (Model: DMA 5000 M, Anton Paar) with an oscillating capillary U-tube. The measurement of density is based on the frequency of oscillation. An amount of 1 mL sample solution is filled into a U-shaped oscillating capillary tube. The density meter is set in connection with the rolling ball viscometer. For the determination of viscosity and density, PC/DCM dope solutions with 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 17, 19 and 21 wt % polymer concentrations and PC/NMP solutions with 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 wt % polymer concentrations were used. The same sample solutions were also analyzed for the refractive index using a refractometer (RX5000α, Atago, Washington, DC, USA). The refractometer was first calibrated with distilled water of known refractive index. About 2–3 mL of the sample solution was drawn and put in the sample cone of the refractometer.
4
Lipid Molecular Volume Determination
5
Precise Determination of Partial Specific Volume
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The density measurements for partial specific volume determination were carried out in a density meter (DMA 5000M, Anton Paar, Graz, Austria) according to the classical procedure of Kratky et al. [16 (link)] that is commonly applied in diverse recent experimental studies [17 (link),18 (link),19 (link),20 (link),21 (link)].
6
Pretreatment Fluid Characterization
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Density
and viscosity of the pretreatment fluids were simultaneously determined
in an Anton Paar DMA 5000 M oscillating U-tube density meter with
an Anton Paar LOVIS 2000 ME microviscometer module attached based
on the rolling ball principle. The density meter chamber has two integrated
Pt 100 platinum thermometers together with Peltier elements for the
precise thermostating of the sample (temperature accuracy: 0.01 °C)
and performs an automatic correction of viscosity-related errors over
the full viscosity range. Uncertainty of the density values obtained
was estimated to be 1 × 10–5 g/cm3. The capillary of the microviscometer module, located into a temperature-controlled
block (temperature accuracy: 0.02 °C), was adjusted with a certified
viscosity standard fluid by Anton Paar. The dynamic viscosity values
thus obtained are accurate to within 0.5%.
and viscosity of the pretreatment fluids were simultaneously determined
in an Anton Paar DMA 5000 M oscillating U-tube density meter with
an Anton Paar LOVIS 2000 ME microviscometer module attached based
on the rolling ball principle. The density meter chamber has two integrated
Pt 100 platinum thermometers together with Peltier elements for the
precise thermostating of the sample (temperature accuracy: 0.01 °C)
and performs an automatic correction of viscosity-related errors over
the full viscosity range. Uncertainty of the density values obtained
was estimated to be 1 × 10–5 g/cm3. The capillary of the microviscometer module, located into a temperature-controlled
block (temperature accuracy: 0.02 °C), was adjusted with a certified
viscosity standard fluid by Anton Paar. The dynamic viscosity values
thus obtained are accurate to within 0.5%.
7
Lipid Densitometry in Multilamellar Vesicles
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Densitometry data were obtained on samples having a total 10 mg/mL lipid concentration using the Density and Sound Velocity Meter: DMA 5000 M from Anton-Paar (Ashland, Virginia) at the Partnership for Soft Condensed Matter (PSCM) in Grenoble, France. Three samples were measured by cooling: dDPPC, DLPC and 1:1 dDPPC:DLPC. The lipid samples consisted of multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) in H2O, which had been incubated and gently rocked overnight at 40 °C. The samples were loaded at room temperature, and densitometry data were taken from 50 °C down to 5 °C in steps of 1 °C.
8
Characterization of Solvent Properties
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Both water and the water-trehalose solution used to prepare microgel suspensions were characterized by density, viscosity and refractive index, over the temperature range of DLS measurements.
For the water-trehalose solution, the kinematic viscosity ν was measured with a micro-Ubbelhode viscosimeter, the mass density ρ with an Anton Paar DMA 5000 M densitometer, and the dynamic viscosity η was calculated as η = ρν. At any temperature, the refractive index n D is related to ρ by the Lorentz-Lorenz equation,
, where the specific refractivity r is rather temperature-independent. The value of r was obtained at 298.3 K from n D = 1.368, measured with a NAR-1T Liquid Abbe refractometer, and ρ = 1.098643 g cm -3 , independently measured.
For pure water, mass density, refractive index, and viscosity data as a function of temperature are available from the literature. We used ρ and n D taken from ref. [40] (link), after having verified the agreement with the measured value at one reference temperature. Measurements of ν were repeated, providing values of η in perfect agreement with the literature ones [41] (link). The temperature dependence of ρ, η and n D for the two solvent media is shown in Fig. S1.
For the water-trehalose solution, the kinematic viscosity ν was measured with a micro-Ubbelhode viscosimeter, the mass density ρ with an Anton Paar DMA 5000 M densitometer, and the dynamic viscosity η was calculated as η = ρν. At any temperature, the refractive index n D is related to ρ by the Lorentz-Lorenz equation,
, where the specific refractivity r is rather temperature-independent. The value of r was obtained at 298.3 K from n D = 1.368, measured with a NAR-1T Liquid Abbe refractometer, and ρ = 1.098643 g cm -3 , independently measured.
For pure water, mass density, refractive index, and viscosity data as a function of temperature are available from the literature. We used ρ and n D taken from ref. [40] (link), after having verified the agreement with the measured value at one reference temperature. Measurements of ν were repeated, providing values of η in perfect agreement with the literature ones [41] (link). The temperature dependence of ρ, η and n D for the two solvent media is shown in Fig. S1.
9
Density Measurements of Liquids
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Densities were measured at atmospheric pressure and in the temperature range of 293.15-353.15 K using a U-shaped vibrating-tube densimeter (model DMA 5000M; Anton Paar). The calibration of the equipment was verified with air and tridistilled water before and after each measurement. The estimated uncertainties of this equipment are 0.00001 g cm À3 and 0.01 K for density and temperature, respectively.
10
Density and Refractive Index of CALX-173-GK
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Density and refractive index measurements for CALX-173-GK detergent as function of detergent concentration in Tris buffer (20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl) were performed on density meter DMA5000M (Anton Paar, Graz, Austria) and viscometer AMVn (Anton Paar, Graz, Austria) at 20 °C.
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