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Penfluridol

Manufactured by Merck Group
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Penfluridol is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a chemical compound used in various research and analytical applications. The core function of Penfluridol is to serve as a reagent or analytical standard in scientific experiments and analyses.

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Lab products found in correlation

Chlorpromazine, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Terfenadine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sertindole, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Clemastine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Chlorprothixene, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Astemizole, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Loratadine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Glutathione gsh reduced free acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Formaldehyde, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Catalase, by Merck Group (1 mentions) N acetylcysteine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Hematoxylin, by Vector Laboratories (1 mentions) Dulbecco s modified eagle s medium, by GenDEPOT (1 mentions) Fingolimod, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Perphenazine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Thioridazine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Dasatinib, by LC Laboratories (1 mentions) Cetrimonium bromide, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Fenbendazole, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Cytarabine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

7 protocols using penfluridol

1

Penfluridol Inhibits Tumor Growth in Athymic Nude Mice

Cited 2 times
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4-6 week old female athymic nude mice were purchased from Harlan Laboratories (Livermore, CA). IACUC approved the use of athymic nude mice. All the experiments were performed under the strict compliance and regulations. As described by us previously, 100μL cell suspension containing 1×106 U87MG cells in 1:1 mixture of PBS and matrigel were implanted in both flanks of mice. Mice were divided into two groups with 5 mice in each group once tumor volume reached around 70-100 mm3. Group I served as control and received the vehicle only whereas group II received 10mg/kg/day Penfluridol by oral gavage. Penfluridol was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and stock of Penfluridol was made in DMSO which was further diluted in water/PEG300/ethanol/2% acetic acid in 8:3:0.13:1 v/v [38 (link)]. Tumor volume was measured twice a week till day 48 by using vernier caliper and as described by us before [16 (link), 39 (link)]. At day 48, mice were humanely sacrificed and tumors were removed. The results of this experiment have been published by us recently [17 (link)]. A part of the tumor from this experiment was used for current study.
Ranjan A., Wright S, & Srivastava S.K. (2017). Immune consequences of penfluridol treatment associated with inhibition of glioblastoma tumor growth. Oncotarget, 8(29), 47632-47641.
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2

Detailed Small Molecule Preparation

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Penfluridol, astemizole, and terfenadine were obtained from Sigma‐Aldrich® (Zwijndrecht, The Netherlands). Penfluridol (P3371) and terfenadine (T9652) were diluted in absolute EtOH (EMSURE®) to a stock solution of 50 mm. Likewise, astemizole (A2861), sertindole (S8072), chlorprothixene (C1671), chlorpromazine (C8138), clemastine (SML0445), and loratadine (L9664) were diluted in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; Sigma‐Aldrich®) to a stock solution of 50 mm (Table S1). Serial dilutions were established by diluting these stock solutions in the cell‐specific medium of the various cell lines (Table S1).
van der Horst G., van de Merbel A.F., Ruigrok E., van der Mark M.H., Ploeg E., Appelman L., Tvingsholm S., Jäätelä M., van Uhm J., Kruithof‐de Julio M., Thalmann G.N., Pelger R.C., Bangma C.H., Boormans J.L., van der Pluijm G, & Zwarthoff E.C. (2020). Cationic amphiphilic drugs as potential anticancer therapy for bladder cancer. Molecular Oncology, 14(12), 3121-3134.
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3

Breast Cancer Cell Line Authentication

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Breast cancer (SKBR3, MDA-MB-231) cell lines were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA) and were kept frozen until initiation of these studies. The cells were received at low passage (<15) and new frozen stocks were used every 6–8 weeks. The two cell lines were authenticated by Biosynthesis (Lewisville, TX, USA) on February 3, 2015. Cells were maintained 37°C in the presence of 5% CO2 in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium/Ham’s F-12 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum with antibiotic. Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium was purchased from GenDepot (Barker, TX). Penfluridol, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), catalase and 36% formaldehyde were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Glutathione (GSH) reduced free acid was purchased from Millipore (Temecula, CA). Hematoxylin was purchased from Vector Laboratories (Burlingame, CA). Apoptotic, Necrotic, and Healthy Cells Quantification Kit was purchased from Biotium (Hayward, CA). Antibodies were purchased as outlined in Supplementary Table 1.
Hedrick E., Li X, & Safe S. (2016). Penfluridol Represses Integrin Expression in Breast Cancer through Induction of Reactive Oxygen Species and Downregulation of Sp Transcription Factors. Molecular cancer therapeutics, 16(1), 205-216.
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4

Penfluridol Cytotoxicity Assay in 96-well Plates

Cited 1 time
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Cells were plated at a density of about 3000–5000 cells/well in 96 well plates and incubated overnight. Next day, cells were treated with different concentrations of penfluridol (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). After desired duration of treatment with penfluridol (24, 48 and 72 h), cells were fixed using ice cold 10% trichloroacetic acid followed by washing with water and staining with Sulforhodamine B (SRB) dye. Plates were washed with 1% solution of acetic acid and the optical density was measured in 10 mM Tris-base solution, using plate reader (BioTek Instruments, VT) as described by us previously [30 (link)].
Ranjan A, & Srivastava S.K. (2017). Penfluridol suppresses glioblastoma tumor growth by Akt-mediated inhibition of GLI1. Oncotarget, 8(20), 32960-32976.
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5

Screening Compounds for Biological Activity

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Dasatinib was purchased from LC Laboratories (Woburn, MA). Thioridazine, chlorpromazine, perphenazine, penfluridol, pimethixene, and fingolimod (FTY-720) were from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO).
Chien W., Sun Q.Y., Lee K.L., Ding L.W., Wuensche P., Torres-Fernandez L.A., Tan S.Z., Tokatly I., Zaiden N., Poellinger L., Mori S., Yang H., Tyner J.W, & Koeffler H.P. (2015). Activation of protein phosphatase 2A tumor suppressor as potential treatment of pancreatic cancer. Molecular Oncology, 9(4), 889-905.
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6

Catalog of Diverse Chemical Compounds

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Individual chemicals, i.e., albendazole, alexidine, azelastine, bosutinib, carmofur, cladribine, digoxigenin, dronedarone, emetine, miconazole, pentamidine, pitavastatin, sertraline, solifenacin, sulcanozole, tadalafil, terfenadine, thioridazine, trifluorothymidine, and toremifene were purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Additionally, 10-deacetylbaccatin, allyl-thiourea, aminoacridine, bazedoxifene, cephalomannine, cetrimonium bromide, ciclopirox, clomifene, cytarabine, fenbendazole, ouabain, oxethazaine, penfluridol, pyrithione zinc, tioconazole, thioguanine, and vinorelbine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Flubendazole was purchased from LKT Laboratories, Inc. (St. Paul, MN, USA), and gemcitabine and niclosamide were purchased from AdipoGen® Life Science (Liestal, Switzerland), whereas thonzonium bromide and pralatrexate were purchased from MedChemExpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA).
Dell’Anno I., Melani A., Martin S.A., Barbarino M., Silvestri R., Cipollini M., Giordano A., Mutti L., Nicolini A., Luzzi L., Aiello R., Gemignani F, & Landi S. (2022). A Drug Screening Revealed Novel Potential Agents against Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Cancers, 14(10), 2527.
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7

Penfluridol Cytotoxicity in Pancreatic Cancer

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Pancreatic cancer cells were plated at a density of 3000–5000 cells per well in 96 well plates. After overnight incubation, penfluridol (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) was added in different concentrations. After desired durations of treatment (24, 48 and 72 h), cells were fixed by using ice cold 10% trichloroacetic acid. Plates were washed gently with water and stained with sulphorhodamine B (SRB) dye. After staining, plates were washed with 1% acetic acid solution followed by measuring optical density in 10 mM Tris-base solution using plate reader (BioTek Instruments, VT) and as described by us previously24 (link).
Ranjan A, & Srivastava S.K. (2016). Penfluridol suppresses pancreatic tumor growth by autophagy-mediated apoptosis. Scientific Reports, 6, 26165.
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