The following chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint-Quentin Fallavier, France): bisphenol-A (BPA purity >99%), triclosan (TCS >97%), benzophenone-3 (BP3_98%), decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209 98%), sodium perchlorate (>98%), 4-4′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylen (4,4′-DDE 99%), hexachlorobenzene (HCB 99.9%), dibutylphtalate (DBP 99%), diethylhexylphtalate (DEHP 99%), PCB-153, 2-Naphtol (99%), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS >98%), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA >98%), methyl mercury chloride (>99.9%), lead chloride (98%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), acetone, 3,3′,5,5′tetraiodo-L-thyronine T4 >98%) and triiodothyronine (T3 99%). NH-3, a thyroid hormone antagonist18 (link) was synthesized by AGV Discovery (France), absence of contamination by benzofurane was verified56 (link). All chemicals were dissolved at 10−1 M in DMSO, with the exception of HCB (10−1 M in acetone) and BDE 209 (10−2 M in DMSO). These solutions were aliquoted and stored at −20 °C until use. T3 was prepared in 30% NaOH, 70% milliQ Water at 10−2 M concentration, aliquoted and stored at −20 °C until use. The chemical mixture was prepared at 105-fold concentration by mixing appropriate volumes of stocks as described in Supplementary Table 1 , aliquoted and stored at −20 °C.
Hexachlorobenzene
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in France, Germany, United States, Spain
Hexachlorobenzene is a chemical compound used as a laboratory reagent. It is a white, crystalline solid with a high melting point. Hexachlorobenzene is used as a standard reference material and in research applications, but its specific functions and intended uses are not provided in this factual description.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Heptachlor, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Aldrin, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium perchlorate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Decabromodiphenyl ether, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dibutylphtalate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Perfluorooctanoic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Pcb 153, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Bisphenol a, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Benzophenone 3, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Bde 209, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
2 naphtol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Triclosan, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dimethoate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Profenofos, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Methoxychlor, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Chlordane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Heptachlor epoxide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
4 4 dde, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
4 4 ddd, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
4 protocols using hexachlorobenzene
1
Preparation of Ecotoxicological Chemical Mixture
2
Determination of Persistent Organic Pollutants
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Reagent-grade or pesticide-grade (α-Lindane, Hexachlorobenzene, Dimethoate, Heptachlor, aldrin, Heptachlor epoxide, chlordane, endosulfan I, profenofos, 4,4’-DDE (Dichloro-diphenyldichloroethylene), endosulfan II, 4,4’-DDD (Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane), 4,4’-DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) and Methoxychlor) chemicals used in all tests were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Standard solutions (stock, composite, calibration, and surrogate (analyte) were stored at < 6 °C in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-sealed containers in the dark. Anhydrous magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), n-hexane, acetonitrile (CH3CN), ethyl acetate (C₄H₈O₂), glacial acetic acid (CH₃COOH), Bondesil-primary secondary amine (PSA, 40 μm) and sodium acetate (NaCH₃COO) were supplied from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany).
3
Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides
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The analytical standards of organochlorine pesticides hexachlorobenzene, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), lindane, cis-chlordane, trans-chlordane, heptachlor, and mirex were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, USA), with a degree of purity of 99.9% (w/w). Stock standard solutions of each pesticide were prepared at the concentration of 500 mg L ¡1 in acetonitrile. From these solutions, an intermediate solution was prepared at 25 mg L ¡1 containing all compounds in the same solvent. Subsequently, this solution was diluted in acetonitrile to 4 mg L ¡1 to prepare the working solution. Ethyl acetate and acetonitrile high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade were purchased from Vetec (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) and Merck (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), respectively. Sodium chloride purity of 99% (w/w) was also obtained from Vetec (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) and anhydrous sodium sulphate from Dynamic (Diadema, Brazil). For the cleanup of the extracts the following sorbents were used: alumina (Micro Abrasives, Westfield, USA), florisil (Mallinckrodt Chemicals, St. Louis, USA), activated charcoal (Vetec, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), octadecil C18 (Fluka, Milwaukee, USA), primary secondary amine (PSA, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA), and silica gel 230-400 mesh (Carvalhaes, Germany).
4
Extraction and Characterization of Food Packaging Components
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Ethylhexyl adipate 99% (CAS: 103-23-1), diethyl phthalate >99% (CAS: 84-66-2), bis (2ethylhexyl) sebacate 97% (CAS: 122-62-3), 1,4-trioxa-cyclotridecane-8,13-dione (CAS: 1675-54-3) 98%, 11-eicosenamide 98% (CAS: 10586-57-9), isopropyl palmitate 90% (CAS: 142-91-6), palmitamide 99% (CAS: 629-54-9), octadecanamide 85% (CAS: 124-26-5), hexachlorobenzene 99% (CAS: 118-74-1), adiponitrile 99% (CAS: 111-69-3), furfural 99% (CAS: 98-01-1), methyl palmitate >99% (CAS: 112-39-0), dipropyl phthalate 98% (CAS: 131-16-8), and furaneol >99% (CAS: 3658-77-3) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Madrid, Spain). Docosanoic acid ethyl ester 99% (CAS: 5908-87-2) was supplied by LGC Standards (Barcelona, Spain). Ethanol absolute (HPLC grade), methanol (LC-MS grade), acetic acid, dichloromethane, toluene, dimethyl sulfoxide, and isooctane (HPLC grade) were supplied by Scharlau (Setmenat, Spain). Hexane was from Fischer Chemicals (UK). Ultrapure water was generated by a Millipore Milli-Q system (Billerica, MA, USA). Commercial sunflower oil was used for the migration assays. The nitrogen evaporator was a TECHNE sample concentrator (Cole-Parmer Ltd., UK). The ultrasonic generator was a Branson 3510 (frequency applied 40 Hz).
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