Methyllycaconitine citrate mla

Sprague-Dawley rats (230∼270 g) and C57BL/6 mice (25∼30 g) were purchased from Sino-British SIPPR/BK Laboratory Animals (Shanghai, China). α7^-/- mice were generated and genotyped by PCR analysis as described previously (Liu et al., 2009 (link)). Animals were housed at 22°C under a 12/12 light schedule (on: 08:00), with free access to tap water and standard rat chow. All experimental procedures were in accordance with institutional animal care guidelines and approved by ethics committee of Second Military Medical University. Ani (Ani hydrochloride: C₁₇H₂₄NO₄) was purchased from Fu-Ma Chemical and Engineering Company (Hangzhou, China). Mecamylamine hydrochloride, methyllycaconitine (MLA) citrate, hexamethonium chloride, ACh chloride, nicotine, PNU282987 (PNU), static, ouabain octahydrate, potassium chloride, and antibody against α7nAChR were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). HNMPA-(AM)3 and antibody against p-Na/K-ATPase were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA). antibody against insulin receptor, Alexa-488-labeled and Cy3-labeled second antibodies, and DAPI were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). LY 294002 and rapamycin were purchased from Merck Millipore (Darmstadt, Germany).

C57BL/6 mice (22∼25 g, male; 20∼22 g, female) and Sprague-Dawley rats (230∼270 g, male) were purchased from Sino-British SIPPR/BK Laboratory Animals (Shanghai, China). Animals were housed at 22°C under a 12-h light/dark cycle, with free access to water and standard rodent chow (Peng et al., 2007 (link)). The use and care of animals were in compliance with institutional guidelines for health and care of experimental animals. Ani hydrochloride (purity 95%) was purchased from Fu-Ma Chemical & Engineering Company (Hangzhou, China). Methyllycaconitine (MLA) citrate was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). 17β-E₂ was purchased from Mei-Lun Biology Company (Dalian, China).