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Quikchange site directed mutagenesis system

Manufactured by Agilent Technologies
Sourced in United States

The QuikChange site-directed mutagenesis system is a molecular biology tool designed to introduce specific mutations into double-stranded plasmid DNA. The system utilizes a proprietary DNA polymerase and reaction buffer to efficiently generate desired mutations in a rapid and reliable manner.

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8 protocols using quikchange site directed mutagenesis system

1

Site-Directed Mutagenesis of ECE1 Gene

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The plasmid CIp10-ECE1 (3 (link), 32 (link)), containing the ECE1 gene and its upstream and downstream intergenic regions, was used as a parental template for site-directed mutagenesis. Site-directed mutagenesis was performed using the QuikChange site-directed mutagenesis system (Agilent). Alanine substitutions in the ECE1 gene were screened by restriction endonuclease digestion, and mutations were confirmed by DNA sequencing. Mutagenized constructs were linearized by digestion with StuI and concentrated by ethanol precipitation prior to transformation.
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2

Engineered Protein Construct Generation

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Primary sequences of VAMP7, LAT, DHHC18, and DHHC20 were obtained from UniProt. Full-length constructs of VAMP7 and LAT were engineered bearing His6- and FLAG-tags, while DHHC18 and DHHC20 were designed with FLAG-tags alone, and ordered from Geneart. Truncated constructs of DHHC18 were generated by amplifying FLAG-tagged inserts via PCR. Mutagenesis was performed using the QuikChange Site-Directed Mutagenesis system (Agilent). Constructs were then cloned into the pFastBac1 vector of the Bac-to-Bac system (Thermo Fisher).
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3

Stabilizing HIV-1 Envelope Trimers

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The BG505 SOSIP.664 construct has been described elsewhere (14 (link)). SOSIP.664-D7324 trimers contain a C-terminal D7324 epitope-tag sequence and were constructed by adding the amino acid sequence GSAPTKAKRRVVQREKR after residue 664 of gp41ECTO (13 (link)). The following sequence changes to the SOSIP.664 introduce additional stability: E64K plus A316W to generate SOSIP.v4.1 (25 (link)) and E64K plus A316W and the A73C-A561C intersubunit disulfide bond to make SOSIP.v5.2 (42 (link)). All mutant constructs were made using the QuikChange site-directed mutagenesis system (Agilent, Stratagene) and verified by sequencing. D7324-tagged versions of these various trimers were used for all the in vitro experiments, but untagged trimers were tested as immunogens in rabbits.
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4

Targeted Gene Deletion and Complementation in P. aeruginosa

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The plasmids and primers used in this study were listed in Supplementary Table 2. In-frame gene deletion in P. aeruginosa PAO1 followed a previously published method (An et al., 2010 (link)). Briefly, the upstream and downstream homologous arms of the target gene were amplified by PCR using Pfu DNA polymerase (Vazyme, China) and ligated into pk18mobsacB which was pre-digested with BamHI and HindIII, generating the plasmids for target gene deletion. The resultant plasmid was transformed into PAO1 by tri-parental mating with the help of another plasmid pRK2013. Desired gene deletion mutants were screened on the LB agar plates supplemented with 10% sucrose. The mutants were confirmed by PCR and DNA sequencing.
For complementation, the open reading frames (ORF) or different domain regions of target genes were amplified and cloned into the plasmid pBBR1-MCS5. Point mutations in the complemented genes were constructed using the QuikChange site-directed mutagenesis system (Agilent, United States). All the constructs were transformed into PAO1 wild type or its mutants using the helper plasmid pRK2013 by triparental mating. The success of plasmid delivery into the PAO1 strains was verified by PCR. Stable expression of the FleS and FleR variants constructed in this study was confirmed by western blot (Supplementary Figure 1).
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5

Plasmid Construction and Molecular Cloning

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Plasmids employed in this study are listed in Supplementary Table 2. Coding sequences for rpfR, rpfRGGAAF, rpfRAAL, berA, and yedQ were subcloned into the broad-host-range cloning vector pBBR1MCS-529 (link) as follows: rpfR, rpfRGGAAF, and rpfRAAL as XbaI-HindIII fragments from pBBR-rpfR, pBBR-rpfRGGAAF, and pBBR-rpfRAAL, respectively, generating pRpfRwt, pRpfRGGAAF, and pRpfRAAL; berA as a BamHI-XbaI fragment from pBBR2-Bcam1349, generating pBerA; and yedQ as a HindIII-BamHI fragment from pYhck, generating pYedQ. To generate pRpoN and pBerB, coding sequences together with the putative promoter region were PCR-amplified from genomic DNA using primer pairs P103/P104 and P280/P281, respectively, and cloned as XbaI-HindIII fragments into pBBR1MCS-5.
For heterologous expression, the rpfR gene was PCR-amplified using primers pQE-rpfR-F and pQE-rpfR-R, digested with BamHI and HindIII and cloned into pQE-32 digested with the same enzymes, giving rise to plasmid pQE-RpfR, which was transformed into E. coli M15[pREP4]. Point mutations were inserted into pQE32-rpfR by site-directed mutagenesis, using the QuikChange site directed mutagenesis system (Agilent)10 (link), generating plasmids pQE-RpfRGGAAF and pQE-RpfRAAL.
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6

Cloning and Purification of Human K2

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For mammalian expression, full-length human K2, which was obtained from C. Wu (University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA), was cloned in-frame into an EGFP C2 vector (Takara Bio Inc.; Ma et al., 2008 (link)) and talin-H domain (1–429 aa) into pDsRed-monomer (Bledzka et al., 2010 (link)). Point mutations were introduced into the K2 coding sequence using QuikChange site-directed mutagenesis system (Agilent Technologies). GST-fused full-length K2 and its mutants were expressed, purified, and quantified as described previously (Bledzka et al., 2010 (link)). In brief, GST-fused K2 and its mutants were expressed in E. coli BL21 cells (Agilent Technologies). The expressed proteins were purified using glutathione-Sepharose 4B resin followed by gel filtration on a HiLoad Superdex200 10/300 column (GE Healthcare). For selected experiments, the GST tag was enzymatically removed from the K2 by Factor Xa cleavage as described (Bledzka et al., 2012 (link)). The purified proteins were dialyzed against 50 mM Tris, pH 8.0, containing 150 mM NaCl, quantified using protein assay kits (Bio-Rad), and assessed for homogeneity by SDS-PAGE and their elution from the Superdex columns.
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7

Mutagenesis and siRNA Targeting of Che-1 and CK2

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Myc-Che-1 has already been described [12 (link), 27 (link)]. pCI-HDAC 1 was a kind gift from Dr. Sartorelli, while pSG5 Large T (pSG5 SV40 LT) plasmid was a gift from William Hahn (Addgene plasmid #9053; http://n2t.net/addgene:9053; RRID: Addgene_9053). Myc-Che-1 3S and pSG5 SV40 LT 3S were generated by in vitro mutagenesis using the QuikChange site-directed Mutagenesis system (Agilent Technologies) following the manufacturer’s instructions. PCR reactions were achieved using the following primers:
Myc- Che-1 3S:

Forward 5′ - GCCCAATGCGGGAGGTGAGGAGATTGCTGGTGAAGATGATGAGC - 3′

Reverse 5′ - GCTCATCATCTTCACCAGCAATCTCCTCACCTCCCGCATTGGGC - 3′

pSG5 SV40 LT 3S:

Forward 5′ - AACCTGTTTTGCGCAGAAGAAATGCCAGCTGGTGATGATGAGGCT - 3′

Reverse 5′ - AGCCTCATCATCACCAGCTGGCATTTCTTCTGCGCAAAACAGGTT - 3′

All mutations were confirmed by sequencing realized by Eurofins Genomics.
Stealth siRNA oligonucleotides targeting Che-1 (siChe-1), CSNK2A (siCK2), control sequence (siControl) and custom Che-1 3’UTR (sense 5′-CCCGCCUUUAAACGCCACAAAUAAA-3′; antisense 5′-UUUAUUUGUGGCGUUUAAAGGCGGG-3′) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific. TBB (4,5,6,7 – Tetrabromobenzotriazole) was purchased from SelleckChem. Casein kinase II (CK2 - P60105) recombinant protein and Adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP - P07565) were purchased from New England BioLabs.
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8

Characterizing Che-1 and CK2 Interaction

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Myc-Che-1 has already been described (11, 26) . pCI-HDAC 1 was a kind gift from Dr. Sartorelli, while pSG5 Large T (pSG5 SV40 LT) plasmid was a gift from William Hahn (Addgene plasmid #9053; http://n2t.net/addgene:9053; RRID: Addgene_9053). Myc-Che-1 3S and pSG5 SV40 LT 3S were generated by in vitro mutagenesis using the QuikChange site-directed Mutagenesis system (Agilent Technologies) following the manufacturer's instructions. PCR reactions were achieved using the following primers: Myc-Che-1 3S: Stealth siRNA oligonucleotides targeting Che-1 (siChe-1), CSNK2A (siCK2), control sequence (siControl) and custom Che-1 3'UTR (sense 5'-CCCGCCUUUAAACGCCACAAAUAAA-3'; antisense 5'-UUUAUUUGUGGCGUUUAAAGGCGGG-3') were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scienti c. TBB (4,5,6,7 -Tetrabromobenzotriazole) was purchased from SelleckChem. Casein kinase II (CK2 -P60105) recombinant protein and Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP -P07565) were purchased from New England BioLabs.
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