Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany

Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate is a chemical compound that serves as a crystalline solid. It is commonly used as a laboratory reagent and in the production of Rochelle salt.

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Sodium potassium tartrate (68 citations) Sodium tartrate (23 citations)

32 protocols using potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate

Bioactive Compound Analysis Protocol

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The following chemicals were used for analysis of the content of bioactive compounds: sodium bicarbonate (Honeywell), potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate (Merck), potassium hydroxide (Merck), phenolphthalein (Avantor), Sudan III (Waldeck), sodium hydroxide (Avantor), copper(II) sulphate (Avantor), mercuric chloride (Avantor), mercuric nitrate (Sigma Aldrich), mercurous nitrate (Alfa Aesar), nitric acid (Merck), sulphuric acid (Avantor), ammonium hydroxide (Supelco), ninhydrin (Sigma Aldrich), acetone (Stanlab), chloroform (Avantor), acetic acid (Supelco), acetic anhydride (Avantor), picric acid (Sigma Aldrich), tannic acid (Alfa Aesar), mercury(II) chloride (Avantor), bismuth subnitrate (Honeywell), glacial acetic acid (Supelco), potassium iodide (Sigma Aldrich), hydrochloric acid (Avantor), iodine (Sulpeco), multi-elemental stock ICP standard solution (no. XVI, Merck), single ICP stocks of As, Hg, P, S, and Se (Merck).

Godlewska K., Pacyga P., Szumny A., Szymczycha-Madeja A., Wełna M, & Michalak I. (2022). Methods for Rapid Screening of Biologically Active Compounds Present in Plant-Based Extracts. Molecules, 27(20), 7094.

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Phenolic and Flavonoid Compound Extraction

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Analytical reagent-grade ethanol was purchased from V.S. Chem House (Bangkok, Thailand) for extraction. The phenolic acid standards (≥99% purity), which were gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, and ferulic acid, were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Fine Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, USA). The flavonoid standards (≥99% purity), which were rutin, quercetin, and apigenin, were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Fine Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, USA). Hydrochloric acid (HCl) 37% was from QReC (Christchurch, New Zealand). Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate (99% purity) was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Methanol (99.9% purity) was purchased from ACL Lab Scan Co. Ltd., (Bangkok, Thailand). 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, Iron (III) chloride, and 2,4,6,-tris(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (Carlo Erba Reagenti, Milan, Italy), sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were purchased from Ajax Finechem Pty Ltd. (Auckland, New Zealand) and were used for the total phenolic content analysis.

Tiranakwit T., Puangpun W., Tamprasit K., Wichai N., Siriamornpun S., Srisongkram T, & Weerapreeyakul N. (2023). Phytochemical Screening on Phenolic, Flavonoid Contents, and Antioxidant Activities of Six Indigenous Plants Used in Traditional Thai Medicine. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(17), 13425.

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Sudan III-based Histochemical Staining

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Our study utilized: Sudan III from Waldeck (Germany), isopropanol from Chemsolute (Poland), sulfuric acid, chloroform, sodium hydroxide, silver nitrate, barium chloride, hydrochloric acid and acetone from Avantor (Poland), ninhydrin from Sigma Aldrich (USA), sodium bicarbonate from Honeywell (USA), copper sulphate pentahydrate from Chempur (Poland), potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate from Merck (Germany), and tannic acid from Alfa Aesar (USA).

Lewandowska S., Dziergowska K., Galek R, & Michalak I. (2023). Cladophora glomerata extracts produced by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction support early growth and development of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.). Scientific Reports, 13, 17867.

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Enzyme Kinetics Assay Protocol

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The α-amylase (from porcine pancreas), α-glucosidase (from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Type I), dinitrosalicylic acid (98% purity), and 4–nitrophenyl α–D–glucopyranoside (99% purity) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Monobasic sodium phosphate (99% purity), sodium chloride (99% purity), sodium hydroxide (97% purity), starch, and dibasic sodium phosphate (99% purity) were from Ajax Finechem Pty Ltd. (Auckland, New Zealand). Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate (99% purity) was bought from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Dimethyl sulfoxide (99.7% purity) was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK). Ethanol (99.9% purity) and methanol (99.9% purity) were bought from ACL Lab Scan Co. Ltd., (Bangkok, Thailand).

Srisongkram T., Waithong S., Thitimetharoch T, & Weerapreeyakul N. (2022). Machine Learning and In Vitro Chemical Screening of Potential α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Thai Indigenous Plants. Nutrients, 14(2), 267.

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Copper-Based Colorimetric Dye Assay

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Copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO₄·5H₂O) (99.0–100.5 %) and Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate (C₄H₄KNaO₆·4H₂O, 99.0–102.0 %) were bought from Merck Germany. Commercial ZnO was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. Dextrose (C₆H₁₂O₆) (extra pure) was purchased from Sisco Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. Analytical grade reagents of NaOH (98 %, Labo) and Acid Red114 (C₃₇H₂₈N₄Na₂O₁₀S₃) were used. Throughout the experiment, deionized water was used for washing and solution purification.

Akter N., Ahmed T., Haque I., Hossain M.K., Ray G., Hossain M.M., Islam M.S., Ali shaikh M.A, & Akhtar U.S. (2024). XPS valence band observable light-responsive system for photocatalytic acid Red114 dye decomposition using a ZnO–Cu2O heterojunction. Heliyon, 10(10), e30802.

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Chitosan-based Hydrogel Synthesis

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Acrylic acid (p.a., 99%; CAS Number: 79-10-7 from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), chitosan (collected from PT. Biotech Surindo with degree of deacetylation (DD) of 87.2%), potassium hydroxide pellets for analysis EMSURE^® (CAS Number: 1310-58-3 from Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) (CAS Number: 110-26-9 from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), ammonium persulfate (APS) (CAS Number: 7727-54-0 from Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Nessler’s reagent B and potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate both from MERCK KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany were used in this study.

J.a.y.a.n.u.d.i.n., Lestari R.S., Barleany D.R., Pitaloka A.B., Yulvianti M., Prasetyo D., Anggoro D.V, & Ruhiatna A. (2022). Chitosan-Graft-Poly(acrylic acid) Superabsorbent’s Water Holding in Sandy Soils and Its Application in Agriculture. Polymers, 14(23), 5175.

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Cellulase Enzyme Activity Assay

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Cellulase from Trichoderma reesei (Cat. No C2730, ≥700 U/g), bovine serum albumin (BSA), coomassie brilliant blue G-250, Whatman filter paper (Cat. No. 1001110), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate, glucose, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS), aniline hydrochloride (99%, 𝑀𝑀 𝑤𝑤 =129.59 g/mol) and ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS, 98%, Mw =288.18 g/mol), were purchased from Merck AG (Germany). Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL, Mn=80000) and piperazine were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (United Kingdom). TVPO was synthesized according to a published work 24 (link) . Analytical grade phosphoric acid, ethanol, methanol, hydrochloric acid, acetone, chloroform, and dimethylformamide (DMF) were purchased from Merck (Germany).

Zarei A., Alihosseini F., Alihosseini F., Parida D., Nazir R, & Gaan S. (2021). Fabrication of Cellulase Catalysts Immobilized on a Nanoscale Hybrid Polyaniline/Cationic Hydrogel Support for the Highly Efficient Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 13(42).

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Evaluation of Antioxidant and ACE-Inhibitory Activities

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2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ACE-inhibitor captopril, acetronitrile, Amicon® Ultra-0.5 centrifugal filter unit (UFC200324), ammonium molybdate, copper sulfate (Cu₂SO₄), ethyl acetate, ferric chloride (FeCl3), Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (FCR), formic acid, hippuric acid, hippuryl-l-histidyl-l-leucine solution, hydrochloric acid (HCl), methanol (CH₃OH), pancreatin, pepsin, potassium ferricyanide (K₃[Fe(CN)₆]), potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate, pyrogallol, sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium phosphate dibasic (Na₂HPO₄), sodium phosphate monobasic (NaH₂PO₄), sodium phosphate, sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), tyrosine, and urea were procured from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Abedin M.M., Chourasia R., Chiring Phukon L., Singh S.P, & Kumar Rai A. (2022). Characterization of ACE inhibitory and antioxidant peptides in yak and cow milk hard chhurpi cheese of the Sikkim Himalayan region. Food Chemistry: X, 13, 100231.

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Analytical Reagents and Standards

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Water, methanol, and acetonitrile were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA, USA). Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, diethylene glycol, and sodium carbonate were purchased from Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Trichloro acetic acid was purchased from Merck Millipore Co. (Darmstadt, Germany). Methoxyamine hydrochloride, pyridine, N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA), potassium persulfate, 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), Folin-Ciocalteu’s phenol, soluble starch, potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, sodium hydroxide, acetic acid, sodium acetate, and the standards 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), gallic acid, naringin, maltose, tyrosine, and p-nitro-phenol were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Lee D.E., Lee S., Jang E.S., Shin H.W., Moon B.S, & Lee C.H. (2016). Metabolomic Profiles of Aspergillus oryzae and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens During Rice Koji Fermentation. Molecules, 21(6), 773.

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Analytical Chemistry Reagents Protocol

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Sulfuric acid (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA, 95–97%), hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate anhydrous, sodium bicarbonate, potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, lead (II) acetate trihydrate and lead (II) acetate trihydrate, acetone, and chloroform (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA, p.a.). Iron (III) sulfate hydrate (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA, ASC reagent). Potassium permanganate standard solution (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA, 0.02002 mol/L). Boric acid (AFT, Bratislava, Slovakia, p.a.); Kjeltabs (Velf Scientifica srl, Usmate, Italy). Petroleum ether (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA, b.p. 40–60 °C). Methanol (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA, HPLC grade). Sodium methoxide solution (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA, 25 wt% in Methanol). Hexane (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA, for pesticide residue analysis).

Razmaitė V., Pileckas V., Bliznikas S, & Šiukščius A. (2021). Fatty Acid Composition of Cannabis sativa, Linum usitatissimum and Camelina sativa Seeds Harvested in Lithuania for Food Use. Foods, 10(8), 1902.

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