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11 protocols using geltrex ldev free hesc qualified reduced growth factor basement membrane matrix

1

Generation of Human iPSCs from Fibroblasts

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Human iPSCs were generated by infecting human female dermal fibroblasts (PCS-201-012 cells, purchased from ATCC) with a Sendai virus vector encoding four reprogramming factors (L-MYC, OCT4, SOX2, and KLF4) (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). Embryonic stem cell–like colonies were formed after 3 weeks of viral infection, and the observed ES-like colonies were manually picked and transferred to mouse feeder cells (MEFs) to generate iPSC lines. The iPSCs were maintained in ES medium (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium Nutrient Mixture F12 (DMEM/F12; Invitrogen) supplemented with 2 mM l-glutamine (Invitrogen), 1 mM β-mercaptoethanol, 1 × nonessential amino acids (NEAA; Invitrogen), 20% knockout serum replacement (KOSR; Invitrogen), and 10 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF; Invitrogen). Until an iPSC line was established, iPSC colonies were mechanically picked. The established iPSC cell lines were maintained in mTeSR Human Embryonic Stem Cell Culture Medium (STEMCELL Technologies, Vancouver, BC, Canada) and passaged by ReLeSR reagent (STEMCELL Technologies) under Geltrex™ LDEV-Free hESC-Qualified Reduced Growth Factor Basement Membrane Matrix (Invitrogen). Cells were maintained at 37 °C in a hypoxic incubator (5% CO2, 5% O2).
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2

Derivation and Culture of hESCs, iPSCs

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Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)37 (link), niPSCs (iPSCs derived from normal human blood), piPSCs (the β-iPS-41/42 cell line was generated using cells from a β-thalassemia patient with a homozygous CD41/42 (-CTTT) HBB mutation and the Sendai virus)30 (link), and ciPSCs (β-thalassemia patient-specific iPSCs with genetically corrected homozygous 41/42 deletion) were established in the Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. Cell lines were cultured using Essential 8 Medium (Gibco, USA)/Geltrex LDEV-Free hESC-qualified Reduced Growth Factor Basement Membrane Matrix (Invitrogen, USA) in a feeder-independent culture system according to the instructions from the manufacturer.
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3

Generation of SCA3-iPSC from Patients

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The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and has been approved by the ethical committee of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. hESC line 10 (hES-10), which was used as a positive control, was established in our hospital [12 (link)]. SCA3-iPS cells were generated using episomal reprogramming assays (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) from a woman (skin fibroblasts) with SCA3 who suffered from gait and stance abnormalities, limb ataxia, dysarthria, dysphagia, and oculomotor dysfunctions and had 81 CAG repeats in the ATXN3 gene, as determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), fragment analysis, and sequencing. Two clones from the patient (SCA3-iPS-1 and SCA3-iPS-2) were used for the experiments. Cell lines were cultured using Essential 8 Medium (Gibco, USA)/Geltrex LDEV-Free hESC-qualified Reduced Growth Factor Basement Membrane Matrix (Invitrogen) in a feeder-independent culture system, as previously described [13 (link)].
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4

Quantitative Proteomics of iPSCs

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BJ and PCS201 fibroblast cells, grown in DMEM + 10% FBS media, were dissociated by trypsin and collected by centrifugation. Human iPSCs (originated from BJ and PCS201 fibroblast cells) were grown in mTeSR media (STEMCELL Technologies) under GeltrexTM LDEV-Free hESC-qualified reduced growth factor basement membrane matrix (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Cells were dissociated by accutase (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and collected by centrifugation. Cells were lysed and their protein content digested into peptides by trypsin. After desalting, the peptides were labeled with TMT reagents. The labeled samples were equally mixed and further fractionated by neutral pH reverse phase liquid chromatography. In general, 10 fractions were collected and further analyzed by low pH reverse phase LC-MS/MS. During ion fragmentation, the TMT regents are cleaved to produce reporter ions for quantification. The collected data were searched against a database to identify peptides. While the peptides were identified by MS/MS, the quantification was achieved by the fragmented reporter ions in the same MS/MS scans. The peptide quantification data were then corrected for mixing errors and summarized to derive protein quantification results. Statistical analysis was performed to determine cutoff for altered proteins and to evaluate associated false discovery rate.
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5

Culturing iPSCs and ESCs for qPCR

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Parental HDF51i-509-iPSCs and WA09(H9)-ESCs were cultured on Geltrex TM LDEV-Free, hESC-qualified, reduced growth factor basement membrane matrix (Thermo Fisher Scientific) coated cultureware in Essential 8 TM cell culture medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific), with daily medium changes for the purpose of providing control RNA samples in qPCR studies.
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6

Validation of Human and Chimpanzee iPSC Lines

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The human male iPSC line denoted as SV20 was obtained from the University of Pennsylvania, where it was generated, and validated by the expression of pluripotency markers and differentiation into various cell types in multiple studies (Pagliaroli et al., 2021 (link); Pashos et al., 2017 (link); Yang et al., 2015 (link); Zhang et al., 2015 (link)). The human female iPSC line GM 23716 was obtained from the Coriell Institute for Medical Research (Camden, NJ, USA) and validated by the expression of pluripotency markers and differentiation into cranial neural crest cells in a previous study (Pagliaroli et al., 2021 (link)). The human female iPSC line 21792 and all three chimpanzee iPSC lines were obtained from the laboratory of Yoav Gilad at the University of Chicago and validated in previous studies (Gallego Romero et al., 2015 (link); Ward et al., 2018 (link)).
The iPSC lines were expanded in feeder-free, serum-free mTeSR1 medium (STEMCELL Technologies). Cells were passaged ∼1:10 at 80% confluency using ReLeSR (STEMCELL Technologies) and small cell clusters (50-200 cells) were subsequently plated on tissue culture dishes coated overnight with Geltrex LDEV-Free hESC-qualified reduced growth factor basement membrane matrix (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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7

Standardized Stem Cell Culture Protocol

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Stem cell culture was achieved in line with the ISSCR guidelines (https://www.isscr.org/standards-document). HiPSC lines used in this study were maintained on ESC-qualified Matrigel (Corning), coated plates with mTeSR1 media (Stem cell technology). All cell lines were cultured at 37°C, under normoxic conditions (20% O2, 5% CO2) and culture media was daily replaced. HiPSC were passaged every 4 days at a 1:6 split ratio using passaging solution XF (Miltenyi) for 2 min, at room temperature for dissociation into cell clusters. Cells were grown for 10 passages maximum. A new vial of the cell bank was used when cell reach P30. The MycoAlert kit (LONZA) was employed to confirm the absence of mycoplasma in all cell lines.
The H1-ESC line was developed in the laboratory of Andras Nagy, of which the cells originated from the H1 embryonic stem cell line HA01 (Wi Cell, USA). The CFS were cultured in 6-well culture plates coated with Geltrex™ LDEV-Free, hESC-Qualified, Reduced Growth Factor Basement Membrane Matrix (Thermofisher Scientific). Cells were maintained in mTeSR™ Plus (Stemcell Technologies) that was refreshed daily (1.5mL) and passaged every 4-5 days using ReLeSr (Stemcell Technologies) as per manufacturers’ instructions.
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8

Maintenance of iPSC Cell Lines

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iPSC cell lines WTSIi002-A (https://cells.ebisc.org/WTSIi002-A/, iPSC line1) and WTSIi008-A (https://cells.ebisc.org/WTSIi008-A/, iPSC line2) were purchased from EBISC (European Bank for Induced pluripotent Stem Cells) and maintained on Geltrex LDEV-Free hESC-qualified Reduced Growth Factor Basement Membrane Matrix (Thermo Fisher Scientific) in Essential 8 Flex Media Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific) with 0.1% penicillin/streptomycin. Cultures were fed every other day and passaged every 5 to 7 days by ReLeSR (STEMCELL Technologies).
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9

Feeder-free iPSC cell culture

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iPSC cell line WTSIi002 purchased from EBISC (European bank for induced pluripotent cells) was maintained on feeder-free conditions on Geltrex LDEV-Free hESC-qualified Reduced Growth Factor Basement Membrane Matrix (A1413302; Thermo Fisher Scientific) in Essential 8 Flex Media Kit (A2858501; Thermo Fisher Scientific) with 0,1% penicillin–streptomycin (15140122; Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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10

Efficient Neural Stem Cell Induction

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Human iPSCs were seeded at 2.0 × 105 cells/well on Geltrex LDEV-Free hESC-qualified Reduced Growth Factor Basement Membrane Matrix (Thermo Fisher Scientific)-coated six-well plates in the presence of 10-μM Y-27632. Approximately 24 h after seeding, culture medium was switched to PSC Neural Induction Medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific) containing Neurobasal Medium and Neural Induction Supplement. Neural Induction Medium was changed every other day from day 0 to day 6 of neural induction. From day 4 of neural induction, media volume was increased 2-fold. At day 7 of neural induction, primitive NSCs were dissociated using StemPro Accutase Cell Dissociation Reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and then seeded at 1.0 × 106 cells/well on Geltrex-coated six-well plates in Neural Expansion Medium containing 50% Neurobasal Medium, 50% Advanced DMEM/F12, Neural Induction Supplement, 0.25% AlbuMAX I Lipid-Rich bovine serum albumin (BSA), 1× penicillin−streptomycin solution, and 10-μM Y-27632. Culture medium without Y-27632 was changed every other day until NSCs reached confluence.
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