Spss for windows version 11.0j

To ascertain associations between the explanatory variables and mortality, univariate analysis was conducted with the χ² test. Three separate analyses were conducted against treatment success: all deaths, early deaths (defined as death before or within the first 2 months of TB treatment) and late deaths (defined as death during the third month of treatment or later). The characteristics of TB-specific and non-TB-specific deaths were also compared. Variables with P < 0.1 were included in binomial multivariate logistic regression analysis, and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated.
Backward stepwise selection was applied to the binomial multivariate analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The univariate analysis was performed in Microsoft Excel® 2016, and binomial multivariate analysis was performed with SPSS version 11.0J for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).

Univariable analysis was done to make sure that there was no statistical difference of frequency of characteristics between bacteriologically confirmed PTB patients and clinically diagnosed ones.
To ascertain association between targeted characteristics and TB disease, univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and adjusted odds ratio (aOR), respectively, and their corresponding 95% confident interval (CI). We applied backward stepwise selection for multivariable analysis. A P-value of less than 5% was considered statistically significant. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 11.0J for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).

Continuous variables were presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). Differences between two groups were assessed by the Mann–Whitney U test for results as the mean ± SD. Patients were divided into groups based on the median values of continuous variables (Table 4). Categorical data were compared with the χ² test and Fisher’s exact test where appropriate. Factors that were found to be significant by univariate analysis were subjected to multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine their adjusted odds ratios (ORs). The OR was used to estimate relative risk of liver cirrhosis. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. All statistical analyses were performed with SPSS for Windows version 11.0J (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA).