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15 protocols using ferrous chloride tetrahydrate

1

Synthesis of Biopolymer Nanocomposites

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Reagent-grade potato starch, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and 4,7,10-trioxa-1,13-tridecanediamine (TTDDA) were purchased from Aldrich. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was supplied by Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd. Reagent-grade N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), trichloromethane (CHCl3), acetone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), methanol, concentrated nitric acid (HNO3), and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) were supplied by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Cadmium chloride hemipentahydrate (CdCl2·2.5H2O), cobalt acetate tetrahydrate (Co(Ac)2·4H2O), copper acetate monohydrate (Cu(Ac)2·H2O), magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2·6H2O), ferric chloride anhydrous (FeCl3), manganese chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl2·4H2O), nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl2·6H2O), lithium chloride monohydrate (LiCl H2O), zinc chloride anhydrous (ZnCl2), and ferrous chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2·4H2O) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Dialysis bags (molecular weight cut off = 14 000) were purchased from Shanghai Kayon Biological Technology Co., Ltd. Ultrapure water was used in all experiments.
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2

Antioxidant Capacity Evaluation of Citrus Pectin and Dextrans

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Citrus pectin and dextrans were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Hydrogen peroxide, ferrous chloride tetrahydrate, HPLC-grade methyl alcohol and deuterium oxide were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,20-Azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-chroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) and 2,2′- azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) were acquired from Aladdin Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
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3

Glioma Cell Culture and Characterization

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Ferrous chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2 · 4H2O >99%), ammonia (28% to 30% NH3 in aqueous solution), triethylamine, acetic anhydride, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). The APTS and acetic anhydride were from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium). C6 glioma cells (a rat C6 glioma cell line) were purchased from the Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). RPMI 1640 medium, fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from Hangzhou Jinuo Biomedical Technology (Hangzhou, China). The MTT was acquired from Shanghai Sangon Biological Engineering Technology and Services Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). The water that was used in all of the experiments was purified using a Milli-Q Plus 185 water purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA) with a resistivity that was higher than 18.2 MΩ cm.
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4

Anticoagulant Dextran Protocol

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Dextran was purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Heparin, hydrogen peroxide, ferrous chloride tetrahydrate, hydrochloric acid, HPLC-grade methyl alcohol and deuterium oxide were obtained Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). APTT assay reagent, TT assay reagent and calcium chloride (0.025 M) were from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China).
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5

Cotton Shirt Recycling Protocol

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Nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl2•6H2O) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) were purchased from McLean Biotechnology Limited, Shanghai, China. Ferrous chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2•4H2O) and anhydrous ethanol were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. Deionized water was used in all experimental work. An expired cotton shirt of Uniqlo brand was used.
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6

Antimonite Remediation Protocol

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All chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade. Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), urea (NH2CONH2), guanidine hydrochloride (NH2C(NH)NH2·HCl), Ferrous chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and hydrochloric acid (HCl) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.. Stock 1000 mg/L antimonite solution was prepared by dissolving potassium antimonyl tartrate trihydrate (C8H4K2O12Sb2·3H2O, Sigma-Aldrich) in deionized water. The working antimonite solutions were freshly prepared each time by diluting the stock solutions to required concentrations.
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7

Synthesis and Characterization of Iron-based Nanoparticles

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Ferrous chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2 4H2O), ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3 6H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and ALG were purchased from Shanghai Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., RPMI 1640 cell culture medium, fetal bovine serum (FBS), and penicillin-streptomycin were obtained from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, United States). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was purchased from Dojindo Laboratories (Kumamoto, Japan). Ultrapure water used in the experiments was prepared using a water purification system (PALL Cascada, MI, United States).
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8

Chromium Removal from Plating Wastewater

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Ferrous chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2·4H2O), potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and all the other chemical agent were purchased from the Sinopharm Group Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, China. In all experiments, deionized water was utilized, and the water used to prepare the adsorbent was deoxygenated by charging it with N2 gas for 0.5 h. The real plating wastewater is taken from a chrome metal plating line in the Fanchang Plating Center in Wuhu, China.
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9

Synthesis and Functionalization of Nanomaterials

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Ethanol, hydrazine hydrate (N2H4), sodium bicarbonate (Na2CO3), sodium nitrate (NaNO3), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), potassium permanganate (KMnO4), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid, hydrochloride acid (HCl), ferrous chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2·4H2O), and ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O) were all purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (China). Silver nitrate (AgNO3), poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP, MW ~55 kDa), cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC), ascorbic acid (AA), gold(III) chloride trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O), sodium borohydride (NaBH4), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), N-hydroxy-succinamide (NHS), hydroiodic acid (HI), and gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (United States). Natural graphite was obtained from XFNANO Co., Ltd. (China). All chemicals except N2H4 were of analytical grade and used as received without further purification. Deionized (DI) water with a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ cm was used in all experiments, which was produced by a Millipore ultrapure water system (United States).
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10

Synthesis of Quaternized Anion Exchange Resin

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Quaternized polyacrylic polymer beads with particle diameters of 0.4~0.6 mm and a strongly basic anion exchange capacity of 3.8 mmol/g, known as porous anion exchange resin D213 (AER) in China, were provided by Jiangsu Jinkai Resin Chemical Co. Ltd. (China). Amberlite IRA-958, purchased from J&K Chemical Co. Ltd. (China), served as a conventional anion exchange resin in experiments for comparison. Ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O), ferrous chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2·4H2O), aqueous ammonia (25–28 wt%), methanol, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), sodium chloride (NaCl), and hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37–39%) were of analytical grade and purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. (China). Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, AR, >99%) was produced by Aladdin Industrial Corporation (Southern California, USA). Ibuprofen (IBF, > 98%) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Development Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Humic acid (HA, molecular weight >10000), tannic acid (TA, C76H52O46, molecular weight = 1700), and gallic acid (GA, C7H6O5, molecular weight = 170) were obtained from J&K Chemical Co. Ltd. (China).
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