Brilliance 64 slice

The CT examination of thorax, abdomen and pelvis were performed on Philips Brilliance Premium 64 slice, Philips Brilliance 64 slice, or Philips MX 8000 IDT (16 slice) machines (Brilliance; Philips Healthcare, DA Best, the Netherlands). Intravenous contrast, Iomeprol 350 mgI/ml, according to bodyweight, was injected prior to the examination. The examination was performed at 60–70 s timed delay to obtain the portovenous contrast phase. The department’s usual technical parameters were used for the examination; 120 kV and 300 mAs, with 64 × 0.625 mm or 16 × 1.5 mm collimation, reconstructed to 3 mm in axial, coronal and sagittal plane. Hypodense lesions in the parenchyma which showed no sign of being a cyst or haemangioma in the portal-venous phase of a contrast enhanced CT were considered liver metastases. Finding of metastatic lesions were documented and recorded by the size and segmental location in the liver.

Between March 2018 and July 2019, seven patients (two females and five males) with humeral malignant tumors received 3D printed uncemented prosthesis reconstructions in our institution. The average age was 19.25 years (range, 16–24 years). All the patients received preoperative radiographic assessments, including x-rays, 3D computed tomography (CT) scans (Philips Brilliance 64 Slice, thickness: .4 mm), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and bone scans (SPECT) or positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT) scans (Figure 1). A preoperative biopsy was performed for all patients. An Enneking surgical staging system was used to evaluate the surgical stage (Enneking, 1986 (link)). Tumor locations were classified with reference to the epiphyseal plate proposed by Kumta et al. (Kumta et al., 1999 (link)). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was performed for patients with high-grade sarcoma according to the NCCN guidelines for bone cancer. The detailed characteristics of the patients are summarized in Table 1.
This study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki as revised in 2008 and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the West China Hospital. All patients signed an informed consent form before surgery and provided consent to publish and report individual clinical data.

Unenhanced CT and CTA images were obtained using either a Philips Brilliance 64-slice or iCT 256-slice CT scanner (Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands) at 80–120 kVP and 250 mAs (adjusted based on patient body composition).

CT scans of the Catphan phantom were acquired with a Philips Brilliance 64 slice CT simulator (Philips Healthcare, Cleveland, OH). All CT acquisition and reconstruction parameters were selected to mimic routine clinical protocols at our institution. The phantom was scanned with two tube potential settings (120 and 140 kVp) and two fixed tube current values (250 and 500 effective mAs). Other scan parameters included: 64×0.625 mm collimator setting, 0.5 s rotation time, pitch 0.638, and standard resolution, which for Philips scanners refers to the sampling frequency of the CT detectors. For each scan, volumetric images were reconstructed using a conventional FBP algorithm and the iDose⁴ algorithm with 3 mm slice thickness setting, as well as three different reconstruction filters: A (smooth), B (standard), and C (sharp). In order to analyze the effect of pixel dimension on the calculated NPS (Eq. (3)), images were reconstructed using two fields of view (FOV): 350 mm and 500 mm. Using a 512×512 data matrix, this resulted in pixel sizes of 0.6836 mm×0.6836 mm and 0.9766 mm×0.9766 mm, respectively.