Adult CD1 wild-type male mice (30–40 g) were anesthetized with a combination of urethane and α-chloralose (Sigma–Aldrich, UK), administered at an appropriate dose IP in saline. Urethane was used to minimize the effects on the cardiovascular system (Carruba et al., 1987 (link)). Following injection of the anesthetic, the mice were returned to their cage for several minutes until they lost consciousness. Body temperature was recorded immediately and continuously by rectal probe and maintained at 37 ± 0.5∘C by use of a heat lamp. Once loss of paw-withdrawal and eye-blink reflexes was achieved the trachea was intubated in order to maintain respiration. The carotid artery was cannulated with stretched PE25 tubing filled with heparinised saline. BP was recorded by a pressure transducer attached to the tubing and connected to a NeuroLog (Digitimer Ltd, Herefordshire, UK) BP amplifier. BP signals were digitized to PC with a CED Micro1401 (Cambridge Electronic Design, Cambridge, UK) using WinEDR at 5 kHz.
Neurolog
Manufactured by Digitimer
Sourced in United Kingdom
The Neurolog is a comprehensive system designed for electrophysiology research. It provides a modular approach to signal conditioning, amplification, and processing. The Neurolog system offers a range of specialized modules to meet the diverse needs of researchers in the field of neuroscience.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Spike2, by Cambridge Electronic Design (4 mentions)
Power 1401 data acquisition system, by Cambridge Electronic Design (3 mentions)
Sylgard base, by Dow (2 mentions)
Micro 1401, by Cambridge Electronic Design (2 mentions)
Blue sensor n, by Ambu (2 mentions)
α chloralose, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ced micro 1401, by Cambridge Electronic Design (1 mentions)
Chart 7, by ADInstruments (1 mentions)
Syringe pump, by Harvard Apparatus (1 mentions)
Axoclamp amplifier, by Molecular Devices (1 mentions)
Powerlab data acquisition system, by ADInstruments (1 mentions)
Power lab 4 s, by ADInstruments (1 mentions)
Powerlab, by ADInstruments (1 mentions)
Ecd 300, by Eicom (1 mentions)
Esp 64, by Eicom (1 mentions)
Blue sensor, by Ambu (1 mentions)
Universal electrosurgical pad, by 3M (1 mentions)
Labchart pro software, by ADInstruments (1 mentions)
N methyl d aspartate, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions)
Model 1700, by A-M Systems (1 mentions)
24 protocols using neurolog
1
In Vivo Cardiovascular Monitoring in Anesthetized Mice
2
BLA Neuronal Recordings and L-Dopa Effects
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Extracellular microrecordings in the BLA were performed in rats anesthetized with urethane (1.2 g/kg i.p.) as previously reported (Ni et al., 2001) . A single glass micropipette electrode (impedance: 8-12 MΩ) was filled with 4% Pontamine Sky Blue (PSB) in 3 M NaCl and then lowered into the BLA (in mm: AP -0.9, L 3, D 4.5-7.5) (Paxinos and Watson, 1996) . BLA neurons were identified according to their firing activity as previously reported (Pare and Gaudreau, 1996) . Extracellular neuronal activity was amplified, bandpass filtered (300-3000 Hz) using a preamplifier (Neurolog, Digitimer, UK) and transferred via a Powerlab interface to a computer with Chart 7 software (AD Instruments, Charlotte, USA). Basal firing was recorded during 20 min to ascertain the stability of the discharge activity. Then, L-Dopa was injected intraperitoneally and the recorded neuron was followed during 2 h. The recording site was marked by an electrophoretic injection of PSB through the micropipette at a negative current of 20 μA for 7 min (IsoDAM 80, WPI, UK).
3
Lumbar Splanchnic Nerve Afferent Recordings
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Lumbar splanchnic nerve (LSN) afferent preparations were conducted as previously described (47 (link)). Briefly, the distal colorectum (splenic flexure to rectum) and associated LSN (rostral to inferior mesenteric ganglia) were isolated from mice euthanized as described earlier. The colon was cannulated with fine thread (polyester, Gutermann) in a rectangular recording chamber with Sylgard base (Dow Corning, UK) and serosally superfused (7 mL/min; 32°C–34°C) and luminally perfused (200 μL/min) by a syringe pump (Harvard apparatus, MA) with carbogenated Krebs buffer solution (95% O2–5% CO2). Krebs buffer was supplemented with 10 μM atropine and 10 μM nifedipine to prevent smooth muscle activity (49 (link)).
Borosilicate suction electrodes were used to record the multiunit activity of LSN bundles. Signals were amplified (gain 5 kHz), band pass filtered (100–1,300 Hz; Neurolog, Digitimer Ltd, UK), and digitally filtered for 50 Hz noise (Humbug, Quest Scientific, Canada). Analog signals were digitized at 20 kHz (Micro1401; Cambridge Electronic Design, UK), and signals were visualized with Spike2 software (Cambridge Electronic Design, UK).
Borosilicate suction electrodes were used to record the multiunit activity of LSN bundles. Signals were amplified (gain 5 kHz), band pass filtered (100–1,300 Hz; Neurolog, Digitimer Ltd, UK), and digitally filtered for 50 Hz noise (Humbug, Quest Scientific, Canada). Analog signals were digitized at 20 kHz (Micro1401; Cambridge Electronic Design, UK), and signals were visualized with Spike2 software (Cambridge Electronic Design, UK).
4
Surface EMG Recordings in TMS Experiments
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Surface EMG electrodes (Medicotest, USA) were placed on the investigated muscles (i.e., right and left FDI, APB and ADM in TMSFinger participants, and right TA, LG and MG in TMSLeg participants), allowing us to record the MEPs elicited in these muscles. The EMG signals recorded in TMSFinger participants were also exploited to quantify movement vigor (see below). The ground electrode was placed over the right ulnar styloid process in the TMSFinger participants and over the right patella in the TMSLeg participants. The signals were recorded for 4,000 ms on each trial, starting 500 ms before the first TMS timing (i.e., before baseline) and ending 1,000 ms after the last TMS timing (i.e., after Jump7). The EMG signals were amplified, band-pass filtered (10 to 500 Hz) and notch filtered (50 Hz) online (NeuroLog, Digitimer, UK), and digitized at 2,000 Hz for offline analysis. The experimenters visually screened the signals throughout the acquisitions and asked participants to relax if any contraction was apparent.
5
Electrode Placement for Muscle EMG
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Before electrode placement, the skin was prepared using an abrasive paste (Nuprep, Weaver and Company, Aurora) and cleansed with an alcohol swab. Bipolar surface electrodes (Blue Sensor N, Ambu, Ballerup, Denmark) with an inter‐electrode distance of 22 mm were placed on the skin approximately in parallel with the muscle fibers as follows:
OI/TrAs: medial to the ASIS in a horizontal orientation;
OEs: one electrode on the distal aspect of the 9th rib and one medial to this at an angle of ˜45° from horizontal;
LMs: adjacent to the L5 spinous process at an angle of ˜15° from vertical.
6
Extracellular and Intracellular Recordings of Neuronal Oscillations
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Extracellular recordings were performed with ACSF-filled glass microelectrodes (resistance <5 MΩ). Only one extracellular electrode was positioned in each slice, which was moved across the laminae until a clearly detectable oscillation was recorded. Intracellular recordings used glass microelectrodes (resistance 80–150 MΩ) filled with potassium acetate (2 m ). To assess intrinsic membrane properties, ACC cells were recorded with antagonists of glutamatergic transmission including NBQX (10 µm ), D-AP5 (50 µm ), and CGP 35348 (5 µm ) in the ACSF. Data were recorded via an Axoclamp amplifier (Molecular Devices), using an InstruTECH ITC-16 (HEKA Electronic, Digitimer) after live mains noise was removed using a Humbug (Quest Scientific, Digitimer) and preamplification and bandpass filtering between 1.5 and 300 Hz (Neurolog, Digitimer). Data were sampled at 5 kHz.
7
Isolation and Electrophysiological Recording of Lumbar Splanchnic Nerve
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Conducted as previously described (Hockley et al., 2020 ), the distal colorectum and associated lumbar splanchnic nerve (LSN; rostral to inferior mesenteric ganglia) were isolated from mice euthanized as described above and cannulated in a rectangular recording chamber with Sylgard base (Dow Corning, UK). Colons were luminally perfused (200 μl/min) and serosally superfused (7 ml/min; 32−34°C) with carboxygenated Krebs buffer solution (in mM: 124 NaCl, 4.8 KCl, 1.3 NaH2PO4·H2O, 2.5 CaCl2·2H2O, 1.2 MgSO4·7H2O, 11.1 D‐(+)‐glucose, and 25 NaHCO3) supplemented with 10 μM atropine and 10 μM nifedipine to subject smooth muscle activity to neuromuscular blockade (Ness & Gebhart, 1988a (link)).
Multi‐unit activity from LSN bundles were recorded using borosilicate glass suction electrodes, and signals were amplified, band‐pass filtered (gain 5 KHz; 100−1300 Hz; Neurolog, Digitimer Ltd, UK), and filtered digitally for 50 Hz noise (Humbug, Quest Scientific, Canada). Analogue signals were digitized at 20 kHz (Micro1401; Cambridge Electronic Design, UK). All signals were visualized using Spike2 software.
Multi‐unit activity from LSN bundles were recorded using borosilicate glass suction electrodes, and signals were amplified, band‐pass filtered (gain 5 KHz; 100−1300 Hz; Neurolog, Digitimer Ltd, UK), and filtered digitally for 50 Hz noise (Humbug, Quest Scientific, Canada). Analogue signals were digitized at 20 kHz (Micro1401; Cambridge Electronic Design, UK). All signals were visualized using Spike2 software.
8
Renal Nerve Stimulation and Blood Pressure Regulation
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
A retroperitoneal incision was made to expose the left kidney and record rSNA. Using a dissecting microscope and fine forceps, the renal nerve was localized, freed from the connective tissue, and positioned on a bipolar silver recording electrode. The renal nerve and electrode were covered with paraffin oil. The signal of the renal nerve was displayed on an oscilloscope, and nerve activity was amplified (gain 20,000, Neurolog, Digitimer, Hertfordshire, UK), filtered with a band-pass filter (100–1000 Hz), and collected for display and analysis using a PowerLab data-acquisition system (ADInstruments).
In the third series of experiments (RNS + BicPVN), as previously described [8 (link),9 (link)], after BP was recorded for 1 h (baseline), we applied RNS for 1 h using parameters known to cause sodium and water retention without altering the renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate [6 (link)]. Furthermore, for an additional 1 h, the RNS was maintained, and Bic was injected into the PVN to increase the BP (RNS + Bic PVN). Urine samples were collected separately during each of the three periods. At the end of the experiment, plasma samples were stored as described above and are shown inSupplementary Figures S1 and S2 . The animals were euthanized by injecting 5% KCl intravenously into the bolus.
In the third series of experiments (RNS + BicPVN), as previously described [8 (link),9 (link)], after BP was recorded for 1 h (baseline), we applied RNS for 1 h using parameters known to cause sodium and water retention without altering the renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate [6 (link)]. Furthermore, for an additional 1 h, the RNS was maintained, and Bic was injected into the PVN to increase the BP (RNS + Bic PVN). Urine samples were collected separately during each of the three periods. At the end of the experiment, plasma samples were stored as described above and are shown in
9
Somatosensory Cortex Potentials Elicitation
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Two stainless steel pin electrodes were placed subcutaneously 3-5 mm apart on the plantar hindpaw, contralateral to the cortical recording site. A train of 10 stimuli of 3.2 mA, 500 µs were applied at 10 sec interstimulus intervals, using a constant current stimulator (Neurolog, Digitimer, Welwyn Garden City, UK). These stimulation parameters are sufficient to recruit both A and C fibers 20 (here called 'C fiber' stimulation) and were established in pilot experiments to evoke clear potentials restricted to the somatosensory cortex. At all ages, electrical hindpaw stimulation failed to evoke visible hindlimb reflex responses at 1.5% or higher inspired isoflurane concentrations. In a separate group of P7 animals, a train of lower intensity stimuli of 0.32mA, 50 µs was also applied, sufficient to recruit only A beta fibres 20 (here called 'A fiber' stimulation), for comparison.
10
Measuring Corticospinal Excitability in Neurological Conditions
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
EMG activity was recorded from surface electrodes (Ambu Blue Sensor NF-50-K Neuroline, Medicotest, Oelstykke, Denmark) placed over the FDI and APB muscles of both hands. The raw EMG signals were amplified (gain, 1 K), bandpass filtered online (10 – 500 Hz, NeuroLog; Digitimer) and digitized at 2000 Hz for offline analysis. EMG data were collected for 3200 ms on each trial, starting always 200 ms before the TMS pulse. Trials with any background EMG activity (root mean square computed in the 200 ms windows preceding the TMS pulse) exceeding 2.5 SD above the mean were removed; this was made for each muscle to prevent contamination of the MEP measurements by significant fluctuations in background EMG (Grandjean et al., 2019 (link), Quoilin et al., 2020 (link)). Trials in which subjects made an error were also discarded. The remaining MEPs were then classified according to the muscle and the experimental condition within which they were elicited. For each condition, we excluded trials with peak-to-peak MEP amplitudes exceeding 2.5 SD around the mean. Following data cleaning, a mean of 16.55 ± 1.55, 16.85 ± 0.60 and 16.88 ± 0.64 trials per condition remained to assess corticospinal excitability in HCs, HDs and SAUDs, respectively; the number of remaining trials was not significantly different between the three groups (F2,42 = 0.49; p = 0.61; ηp2 = 0.02).
About PubCompare
Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.
We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.
However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.
Ready to get started?
Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required
Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!