Genomic Dna was extracted from peripheral blood samples by using the Wizard ® Genomic Dna Purification kit (Promega, madison, WI, usa), and the Dna was dissolved in sterile distilled water. Quantity and purity were determined with an optizen Pop spectrophotometer (mecasys Co, Daejeon, Korea).
Optizen pop spectrophotometer
Manufactured by Mecasys
Sourced in United States
The Optizen POP spectrophotometer is a laboratory instrument designed to measure the absorbance or transmittance of light by samples. It determines the concentration of chemical species in a solution by measuring the amount of light absorbed or transmitted through the sample.
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Lab products found in correlation
Q tof micro mass spectrometer, by Waters Corporation (2 mentions)
J 1100 spectropolarimeter, by Jasco (2 mentions)
Wizard genomic dna purification kit, by Promega (1 mentions)
Jem 1200ex microscope, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Spectroscopy gx, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
D8 discover, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Zetasizer nano zs90, by Malvern Panalytical (1 mentions)
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ft ir, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
D8 discover x ray diffractometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
500 mhz nmr spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
P 2000 polarimeter, by Jasco (1 mentions)
P 2000 digital polarimeter, by Jasco (1 mentions)
Dd2 600 mhz ft nmr, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Diaion hp 20, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sephadex lh 20, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
10 protocols using optizen pop spectrophotometer
1
Genomic DNA Extraction from Blood
2
Comprehensive Characterization of Synthesized AuNPs
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Characterization of synthesized AuNPs particles was carried out according to the methods described previously. The AuNPs were primarily characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy. UV-vis spectra were obtained using an OPTIZEN POP spectrophotometer (Mecasys Co., Seoul, Korea) at Konkuk University, South Korea. The particle size of the dispersions was measured by a Zetasizer Nano ZS90 (Malvern Instruments, Ltd., Malvern, UK). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were carried out on an X-ray diffractometer (Bruker D8 DISCOVER; Bruker AXS, Madison, MA, USA). The high-resolution XRD patterns were measured at 3 kW with a Cu target, using a scintillation counter (λ = 1.5406 Å) at 40 kV and 40 mA, and were recorded in the range of 2θ = 5°–80°. Further characterization of changes in the surface and surface composition was performed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (PerkinElmer Spectroscopy GX, PerkinElmer Inc., Waltham, MA, USA). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using a JEM-1200EX microscope (JEOL Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) was performed to determine the size and morphology of the AuNPs. TEM images of AuNPs were obtained at an accelerating voltage of 300 kV. The presence of Au metals in the sample was analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX).
3
Emulsion Characterization: Protein Interfacial Properties
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A coarse emulsion was prepared by mixing 5% (w/w) of the oil phase (soybean oil) with 95% (w/w) of the aqueous phase (WPI sample solution) using a high-shear mixer for 2 min at 25 °C. A coarse emulsion was homogenized by conducting five passes at 100 MPa using a microfluidizer (MN400BF, Micronox, Seongnam, Korea). The emulsifying activity index (EAI) value was determined according to the method developed by Pearce and Kinsella (1978) because it provided an estimate of the relative surface coverage of a protein on an oil droplet within a dilute emulsion [26 (link)]. Immediately after emulsion fabrication, a 50 μL aliquot was added to 5 mL of the pH-adjusted aqueous solution containing 0.1% (w/w) sodium dodecyl sulfate and vortexed for 10 s. Subsequently, the diluted emulsion was transferred into a plastic cuvette (path length: 1 cm), and its absorbance at 500 nm was measured with an Optizen Pop spectrophotometer (Mecasys, Daejeon, Korea). The EAI was calculated via the following equation:
where is the absorbance of the diluted emulsion measured immediately after fabrication, is the dilution factor (100×), is the protein weight per unit volume (g/mL), and is the oil volume fraction of the emulsion.
where is the absorbance of the diluted emulsion measured immediately after fabrication, is the dilution factor (100×), is the protein weight per unit volume (g/mL), and is the oil volume fraction of the emulsion.
4
Characterization of Organic Materials
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Materials were characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy (Agilent DD1, 500 MHz). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed using a TA Instrument Q20 differential scanning calorimeter at heating rate of 10 °C/min in a nitrogen atmosphere. UV-vis spectra were obtained with a Mecasys Optizen Pop spectrophotometer. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments were performed with an AutoLab analyzer. All CV measurements were carried out in 0.1 M tetrabutylammoniumtetrafluoroborate (Bu4NBF4) in acetonitrile with platinum as the counter electrode, indium tin oxide (ITO) coated with a thin film as the working electrode, and Ag/Ag+ electrode as the reference electrode, at a scan rate of 100 mV/s. To estimate the polymer energy levels from the vacuum energy level, we used the ferrocene/ferrocenium (Fc/Fc+) redox couple as a calibration reference. The half-wave potential (E1/2) for oxidation of the Fc/Fc+ redox couple was assumed to be 4.8 eV, below the vacuum level.
5
Doxorubicin Loading on UCNP@PAA Nanoparticles
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UCNP@PAA was mixed with solution of DOX with different mass ratios (from DOX: UCNP@PAA = 1:0.25-2), followed by overnight stirring at room temperature. The DOX was loaded on the surface of UCNP@PAA via EDC/NHS coupling. The resulting UCNP@PAA-DOX was obtained by centrifugation and the concentration of DOX was measured in the initial drug solution and supernatant using Optizen POP spectrophotometer (Mecasys, Daejeon, Korea) based on the absorbance at 480 nm. The drug-release percentage was monitored at different incubation times and pH solutions according to a previous literature42 (link). The LC and encapsulation efficiency (EE) were measured according to the following equations: Where Winitial is the total mass of DOX; Wnon-encapsulated is the mass of DOX after centrifugation in the supernatant; Wparticles is the mass of UCNP@PAA added in the drug loading process.
6
Characterization of Palladium Nanoparticles
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The ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectra of the PdNPs were recorded using an Optizen Pop spectrophotometer (Mecasys, Seoul, Korea) while X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed using a Bruker D8 Discover X-ray diffractometer (Bruker AXS GmBH, Karlsruhe, Germany). The X-ray source was 3 kW with a Cu target, and high-resolution XRD patterns were measured using a scintillation counter (λ = 1.5406 Å). The XRD was run at 40 kV and 40 mA, and samples were recorded at 2θ values between 10° and 80°. The dried PdNP powder was diluted with potassium bromide and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, Perkin Elmer Inc., Waltham, MA, USA) and GX spectrometry were performed, and the spectra were recorded within the range of 500–4000 cm−1. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using a TEM Hitachi H-7500 (Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea) was used to determine the PdNP size and morphology with images obtained at an accelerating voltage of 300 kV.
7
Spectroscopic Characterization of Compounds
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An Optizen POP spectrophotometer (Mecasys, Daejeon, Republic of Korea) was used to obtain the UV spectra. A P-2000 polarimeter (JASCO, Easton, MD, USA) was used for optical rotation measurements. Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra were measured with a J-1100 spectropolarimeter (JASCO). NMR spectra were acquired on a 500 MHz NMR spectrometer (Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany) or DD2 600 MHz FT NMR spectrometer (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). HRESIMS data were acquired using a Q-TOF micromass spectrometer (Waters, Milford, MA, USA). Flash chromatography was conducted using a Biotage Selekt chromatography system (Biotage, Uppsala, Sweden) with Sfär Silica HC (10, 25, and 100 g, Biotage) and Sfär C18 (30, 120, and 240 g, Biotage) prepacked cartridges. TLC was performed using a precoated TLC plates (RP-18 F254S and silica gel 60 F254, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany).
8
Analytical Techniques for Natural Product Characterization
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Optical rotations and UV spectra were measured using a P-2000 digital polarimeter (JASCO, Easton, MD, USA) and an Optizen POP spectrophotometer (Mecasys, Daejeon, Republic of Korea), respectively. The ECD spectra were recorded on a JASCO J-1100 spectropolarimeter (JASCO, Easton, MD, USA). NMR spectra were acquired on a DD2 600 MHz FT NMR (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) or an AVANCE Ⅲ HD 700 MHz cryogenic NMR spectrometer (Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA). HRESIMS and UPLC were carried out on a Q-TOF micromass spectrometer (Waters, Milford, MA, USA) and Waters Acquity H Class Plus UPLC system using HPLC grade solvent (J.T. Baker, Phillipsburg, NJ, USA), respectively. TLC was performed on RP-18 F254S and silica gel 60 F254 pre-coated plates (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Chromatographic isolation was carried out via an IsoleraTM One and Selekt flash chromatography system (Biotage, Uppsala, Sweden) with Biotage SNAP Ultra (10, 25, or 100 g) and SNAP Ultra C18 120 g pre-packed cartridges, as well as Biotage SNAP dry load cartridges (10, 25, 100, or 340 g scales) manually packed with Sephadex LH-20 (Merck) and Diaion HP-20 (Supelco, Bellefonte, PA, USA) gels.
9
Myeloperoxidase Activity Assay in Skin
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In 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) containing 0.05% hexadecryltrimethylammonium bromide, the skin tissue was disrupted with a bead beater and an ultrasonicator, and then clarified by centrifugation. After homogenates were incubated with 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) containing 0.167 mg/mL o-dianisidine dihydrochloride and 0.05% hydrogen peroxide for 5 min, optical intensity at 450 nm was measured using an Optizen POP spectrophotometer (Mecasys; Daejeon, Republic of Korea). Myeloperoxidase activity of skin homogenates was calculated by interpolating a standard curve of neutrophils and was normalized to protein concentration.
10
DPPH Radical Scavenging Assay
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DPPH radical scavenging activity was analyzed by the method reported by Brand-Williams et al. with some modifications [22] . DPPH solution (100 μM) was diluted with 80% methanol to have an absorbance of 0.65 ± 0.02 at a wavelength of 517 nm. The extracted sample (50 μL) was mixed with 2950 μL of DPPH diluted from 0.1 mM of DPPH solution and reacted for 30 min. The absorbance at 517 nm (Optizen POP spectrophotometer, Mecasys) was shown as milligrams of vitamin C equivalents (VCE)/100 g FW.
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