Brij l4

Ethanol (99.5%), Ammonia solution (28 wt. %) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, 95%) were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries. n-heptane (98%) was purchased from Kanto Chemical Co. Nonionic surfactant Brij L4 was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. DI water was purchased from Yamato Kagaku Co. All the chemicals were used as received without further purification. The starting compound [{Ta₆Brⁱ₁₂}Br^a₂(H₂O)^a₄]·nH₂O (TBH) was synthesized according to a published procedure [13] (link).

Nanopure
water from an ARIES Filter Works
Gemini high-purity water system (18.23 M Ω/cm) and nitric acid
[HNO₃, 70% wt] from Fisher Chemical were used to prepare
the hydrolysis promoter solution for synthesizing TiO₂.
Acetic acid glacial [C₂H₄O₂, HPLC
Grade] from ACS (Billerica, MA), ethanol [C₂H₆O, ACS/USP Grade] from Pharmco-Aaper (Brookfield, CT), and titanium
(IV) isopropoxide [C₁₂H₂₈O₄Ti, 97%
pure] from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) were used to prepare the
titanium precursor solution. Heptane [CH₃(CH₂)₅CH₃, anhydrous 99%] from Alfa Aesar (Ward
Hill, MA) and Brij L4 [(C₂₀H₄₂ O₅)_n, average M_n ∼362] from Sigma-Aldrich
(St. Louis, MO) were employed for preparing the PIT-nano-emulsions.
Calcium chloride dihydrate [CaCl₂·2H₂O,
USP grade] from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) and zoledronic acid
monohydrate (ZOLE, >98% pure) from TCI America (St. Portland, OR)
were used for surface crystallization of the ZOLE-based BPCC. Nanopure
water was used as the solvent during the immobilization process. Phosphate-buffered
saline (PBS) tablets and fetal bovine serum (FBS, mammalian and insect
cell culture-tested) from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) were used
for the particle size distribution measurements of the functionalized
material.

InCl₃·4H₂O, SnCl₄·5H₂O, Ethanol (Ethanol, 99.5%), ethylene glycol (EG), ammonia solution (28%) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, 95%) were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries. n-Heptane (98%) was purchased from Kanto Chemical Co. The nonionic surfactant Brij L4, PVP K30, and 25 wt% tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) in mEthanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. DI water was purchased from Yamato Kagaku Co. All the chemicals were used as received without further purification.

BBR was purchased from Oddfoni Biological Technology Company (Nanjing, China). Verapamil, cyclosporin A (CsA), and Rhodamine123 were purchased from J&K Scientific Ltd. (Bei-jing, China). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), methanol, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), and Brijs (Brij-L4, decaethylene glycol monododecyl ether [BD], Brij-L23, Brij-52 Brij-C10, Brij-58, Brij-93, Brij-O10, Brij-O20, Brij-S2, Brij-S10, Brij-S20, Brij-S100, D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate [TPGS]) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade acetonitrile was purchased from Merck Company (Darmstadt, Germany).
ATPlite luminescence ATP detection assay system was bought from Perkin Elmer (Waltham, MA, USA). Pgp-Glo assay system with human Pgp membrane was obtained from Promega (Madison, WI, USA). All materials for cell culture were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Antibodies against Pgp and GAPDH, and anti-rabbit IgG were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA).