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5 protocols using gdc 0994

1

Co-culture of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells and Lung Tissue Cells

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HBEs, immortalized cell lines (CRL‐2741) from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), and A549 cells, human lung adenocarcinoma cells, were cultured in RPMI 1640 (12633012; ThermoFisher) contained 10% fetal bovine serum (A3161001C; ThermoFisher). Isolated primary human lung TCs were immersed totally with TCs special protein antibodies and identified with vimentin, platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGFα) and forkhead box L1 (FOXL1) with DAPI for nucleus (detailed information in Table S1).15, 16 The images were produced with a confocal microscope.
HBEs and TCs were co‐cultured in the transwell system with a 0.4‐μm membrane. About 5 × 104 TCs and HBEs were planked at the bottom of the plate and at the upper chamber (140620; ThermoFisher), respectively. LY294002 (HY‐10108) and GDC‐0994 (HY‐15947) were obtained from MedChemExpress. Transfection reagents Lipofectamine 2000 (11668019) and Lipofectamine 3000 (L3000008) were purchased from ThermoFisher Scientific. All in vitro experiments were conducted and triplicated with six per group in each experiment.
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2

Kinase Inhibitor Treatment of Jurkat Cells

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TAK-733 is a selective MEK inhibitor (Jasek-Gajda et al., 2018 (link)) and GDC0994 is an inhibitor of ERK (Kirouac et al., 2017 (link)). Jurkat cells were treated with 1 μM TAK-733 (MedChemExpress, NJ, United States) or 1 μM GDC0994 (MedChemExpress) for 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h.
Dasatinib is an Src family kinase inhibitor and Src can phosphorylate the Y283 of E26 transformation-specific-1 (Ets-1), activate Ets-1 and increase its stability (Lu et al., 2014 (link); Appel et al., 2017 (link)). Jurkat cells were treated with 10 μM Dasatinib (AbMole, Houston, TX, United States) for 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h.
BI8622 is a specific inhibitor of HUWE1 (Peter et al., 2014 (link)). BI8622 with an IC50 of 3.1 μM was from MedChemExpress. Jurkat cells were treated with 1 μM BI8622.
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3

Gastric Cell Line Manipulation and ERK Inhibition

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Normal gastric epithelial cell line (GES‐1) (CBP60512) and gastric cancer cells SGC7901 (CBP660500), BGC‐823 (CBP60477), SNU‐1 (CBP660501) and HGC‐27 (CBP60480) were provided by COBIOER Biosciences Co., Ltd. Then, 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS)‐containing Dulbecco's modified eagle's medium (for GES‐1 and HGC‐27 cells) and 10% FBS‐containing Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium (for SGC7901, BGC‐823 and SNU‐1 cells) were used to culture the cells.
Under the manufacturer's instructions, pGCSIL‐PUR lentivirus of encoding shRNA against CXXC4 (sh‐CXXC4) and Lenti‐OE lentivirus of overexpressing CXXC4, MIR100HG or CDK18 from Shanghai Genechem Co., Ltd., as well as ERK1/2 pathway inhibitor GDC‐0994 from MedChemExpress (10 µmol/L, HY‐15947), were used for cell transfection. After 6 hours, the culture medium was renewed and the cells were further cultured for 48 hours, followed by subsequent experiments.
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4

Inhibitors for Cancer Cell Signaling

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The resources and preparation of osimertinib, CO1686, erlotinib, AZD6244 (selumetinib), PD0325901, GSK1120212 (trametinib), MG132, actinomycin D (Act D), and cycloheximide (CHX) were the same as described previously 7 (link), 8 (link). Afatinib was obtained from the Pharmacy of Emory University Hospital. Pelitinib, GDC0994 (ravoxertinib) and VRT752271 (ulixertinib or BVD-523) were purchased from MedChem Express (MCE; Monmouth Junction, NJ). All antibodies used in this study were the same as described in our previous studies 7 (link)-10 (link).
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5

Drug Dissolution and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Assay

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Drugs were dissolved in DMSO and stored at −80, and aliquots were thawn prior to each use. Drugs were dissolved at concentrations resulting in in vitro experimental conditions 0.15% DMSO maximum in the culture medium. Drug stocks: 20 mg/mL regorafenib (R‐8024), 15 mg/mL erlotinib (E‐4007), 20 mg/mL vemurafenib (V‐2800), and 1 mg/mL BEZ‐325 (N‐4288) from LC laboratories (Woburn, MA, USA); 20 mg/mL selumetinib (HY‐50706), 10 mg/mL AZD‐4547 (HY‐13330, 10 mg/mL GDC‐0994 (HY‐15947), 20 mg/mL folinic acid (HY‐17556), and 5 mg/mL oxaliplatin (HY‐17371) from MedChemExpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); 10 mg/mL vatalanib (S1101) and 10 mg/mL crenolanib (S2730) from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA); 10 mg/mL 5‐fluorouracil (F6627) from Sigma‐Aldrich; 4 mg/mL Zaltrap® from Sanofi (Paris, France). Single drugs or premixed drug combinations were incubated with the 2D cell cultures for 24 hours or 72 hours, applied at day 1 postseeding and with the 3D cell cultures for 72 hours or 72 hours + 48 hours, applied at day 2 or day 2 + day 5 postseeding [19, 20]. The 48‐hour retreatment was performed by adding another volume of media containing a 1x concentration of drugs to not affect the final concentration in the wells.
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