Duo 773

Intracellular recordings of membrane potential in smooth muscle cells of intact mesenteric arteries were made using microelectrodes pulled from aluminosilicate glass and filled with 3 M KCl. An amplifier (DUO 773, World Precision Instruments) was used to record the membrane potential. A micromanipulator (UMP, Sensapex) was employed to make impalements from the adventitial side of the vessel. The following criteria for acceptance of membrane potential recordings were used: (a) an abrupt change in membrane potential upon cell penetration; (b) a constant electrode resistance when compared before, during, and after the measurement; (c) a stable reading of the membrane potential lasting longer than 1 min; (d) no change in the baseline when the electrode was removed.

In cohort 1, DC-ECoG data were acquired at 305 Hz with Duo 773 and Model 750 electrometers (World Precision Instruments, Saratosa, FL) with two DC leads, DC1 and DC2. A 1-Hz low pass filter was used on the DC-ECoG signal post acquisition to remove noise and identify SD. DC1 (located in the right frontal cortex) and DC2 (located in the right parietal cortex) both produced SD at different times, shown as DC potential shifts. SD was detected with DC electrodes by observing a DC potential shift and visually identifying the negative deflection in DC-ECoG to mark the SD onset.

Intracellular recordings of membrane potential in smooth muscle cells of intact mesenteric arteries were made using microelectrodes pulled from aluminosilicate glass and filled with 3M KCl as previously described (Zavaritskaya et al., 2020 (link)). An amplifier (DUO 773, World Precision Instruments) was used to record the membrane potential. We used a micromanipulator (UMP, Sensapex) to make impalements from the vessel’s adventitial side. The following criteria for acceptance of membrane potential recordings were used: (1) an abrupt change in membrane potential upon cell penetration; (2) a constant electrode resistance when compared before, during, and after the measurement; (3) a stable reading of the membrane potential lasting longer than 1min; and (4) no change in the baseline when the electrode was removed.