Silver nitrate agno3

Poly(2-vinylpyridine-block-methyl methacrylate) [P2VP-b-PMMA or P(2VP-MMA)] block copolymers of various molar masses were purchased from polymer standards services (Mainz, Germany). The specifications of the products as provided by the manufacturer are listed in Table 1. Tetrachloroauric(iii) acid trihydrate >99.9% (HAuCl₄·3H₂O) (Sigma Aldrich, USA) was used for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. NaBH₄ >95.0% (TCI, Tokyo, Japan), and HPLC grade solvents such as methanol >99.9%, and toluene >99.9% (RCI Labscan Limited, Thailand) were used as received.
Deionized water (DIW) was taken from ICCBS distillation plant. Acetonitrile (ACN) >99.99% (Fisher scientific, USA) was dried over 3 Å molecular sieves to remove the traces of water prior to use. Standard nicotine ≥99.0% was purchased from Fluka Chemie Gmbh (Buchs, Switzerland). Two supporting electrolytes (SE), tetra-n-butyl ammonium perchlorate (TBAP) >99.0% (TCI, Tokyo, Japan) and potassium chloride (KCl) >99.0% (Merck, Germany), were used for non-aqueous and aqueous medium, respectively. Silver nitrate (AgNO₃) >99.99% (Scharlau, Europe) was used for the preparation of Ag/Ag⁺ reference electrode. All electrochemical experiments were carried out at ambient temperature (i.e. 28 ± 1 °C).