Sodium thioglycolate broth

All solvents, including MeOH, ACN, HCl (37%) and glacial acetic acid (all analytical reagent grade), were acquired from Fisher Scientific. FA (98+%, pure, analytical reagent grade) was obtained from Acros Organics. FA and ACN (both ULC/MS grade) for LC-MS analysis were acquired from Biosolve Chimie. Ultrapure water with a resistivity of 18.2 × MΩ × cm at 25 °C, dispensed by a Milli-Q system from Millipore, was used as solvent and for mobile phase preparation.
Pepsin (P-7000, from porcine stomach mucosa, 800-2500 U/mg protein), bile extract porcine (B-8631), pancreatin (76190, from hog pancreas, 149 USP U/mg amylase, 8 USP U/mg lipase and 100 USP U/mg protease), ethylene diamine tetra-acetate, sodium thioglycolate broth, glycerol (99.5%), NaH2PO4•2H2O, L-cysteine (98%), tween 80 and resazurine sodium salt were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Phosphoric acid (H3PO4, 85%), NaHCO3, and NaOH were obtained from Merck.
WCA and WCB were acquired from Oxoid.

Deionised water (milliQ, Millipore) was used in all experiments. Chlorogenic acid (5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 95 %), caffeic acid (3,4dihydroxycinnamic acid, > 99 %), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (99 %), 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl propionic acid (98 %), 3-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid (99%), 4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid (99%), 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol (99 %), and 3-phenylpropionic acid (98 %), used as standards of fermentation metabolites, were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Methanol Chromasolve ® HPLC grade, pepsin (P-7000, from porcine stomach mucosa, 800-2500 U/mg protein), bile salt (B-8631, porcine), pancreatin (76 190, from hog pancreas, 149 USP U/mg amylase), sodium dihydrogen phosphate anhydrous (NaH 2 PO 4 ), disodium phosphate dihydrate (Na 2 HPO 4 × 2H 2 O), sodium thioglycolate broth, L-cysteine, resazurine sodium salt, glycerol suitable for culture were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Hydrochloric acid (HCl, 32 %), dimethylsulfoxide, ortho-phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 , 85%), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and ethanol were obtained from Merck. All chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade. Tween 80 was ordered by Becton Dickinson. WCB 6 and agar WCA 6 were obtained from ThermoFischer Scientific.