Norland 65

Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) (diam. × L: 30–70 nm × 1–3 μm), potassium acetate (PA) (≥99.0%, 1.57 g cm⁻³ at 25 °C) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) (37%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Norland 65 (NOA65) was supplied by Norland Products.

GTP and paclitaxel (Taxol) were purchased from Cytoskeleton (Denver, CO). Guanosine-5′-[(α,β)-methyleno]triphosphate, sodium salt (GMPCPP), the nonhydrolyzable analog of GTP, was purchased from Jena Bioscience (Jena, Germany). Piperazine-N, N′-bis (2-ethanesulfonic acid) (PIPES), ATP, and glucose were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). HEPES and dithiothreitol (DTT) were purchased from GoldBio (St Louis, MO). EGTA, MgCl₂, and KCl were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). Sterile collodion (nitrocellulose) 2% in amyl acetate and amyl acetate were purchased from Electron Microscopy Sciences (Hatfield, PA). d-Biotin was purchased from Avidity (Aurora, CO). Chloroform solutions of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(cap biotinyl), mini extruder, Nuclepore track-etch membrane (50 nm) from Whatman, and filter support disks 10 mm from Whatman were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL). High vacuum grease, silicone elastomer base (184 Sylgard), and the corresponding elastomer curing agent were manufactured by Dow Corning (Midland, MI). 2% Dimethyldichlorosilane in octamethylcyclooctasilane (PlusOne Repel-Silane ES) was purchased by GE Healthcare (Chicago, IL). Optical adhesive Norland 65 was purchased from Norland Products (Cranbury, NJ).