Fg 4592

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United Kingdom, United States

FG-4592 is a laboratory equipment product developed by Merck Group. It is designed for general laboratory use. The core function of FG-4592 is to perform specific laboratory tasks, but a detailed description cannot be provided while maintaining an unbiased and factual approach.

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Lab products found in correlation

Ad293 cells, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions) Mycoplasma testing, by Lonza (1 mentions) 5 6 dichloro 1 β d ribofuranosylbenzimidazole, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Heat inactivated foetal bovine serum, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Complete egm 2 medium, by Lonza (1 mentions) Mg132, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Hct116, by American Type Culture Collection (1 mentions) Sw480, by American Type Culture Collection (1 mentions) Dld 1, by American Type Culture Collection (1 mentions) Pimonidazole, by Hypoxyprobe (1 mentions) Bicalutamide, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Dulbecco s modified eagle medium, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Enhanced chemiluminescence ecl system, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Humec ready medium, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Singlequots supplement, by Lonza (1 mentions) Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Rpmi 1640, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Mycoalert detection kit, by Lonza (1 mentions) Mammary epithelial growth medium, by Lonza (1 mentions) Hypoxia chamber, by Coy Laboratory Products (1 mentions)

4 protocols using fg 4592

Dosage Guidance for FG-4592 in Corneal Cells

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To provide guidance for the dosage of FG-4592 (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), a human corneal endothelial cell line^{24 (link)} (HCEC) was used. Sonication was not considered appropriate for cells attached to a tissue culture plate, so tBHP (tert-Butyl hydroperoxide) was applied to damage cells. HCEC were seeded in 12-well plates at 2 × 10^{5 (link)} cells/well in 1 ml Opti-MEM with 10% fetal calf serum (FBS). At approximately 60% confluence, the cells were changed to Opti-MEM with 0.5% FBS for 6 hours. The medium was then changed to include FG-4592 at 0, 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100 μM diluted in DMEM from a 50mM stock dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). After maintaining for 2 hours, tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) was added to the cells at the concentration of 1mM for another 2 hours.

Bhadange Y., Lautert J., Li S., Lawando E., Kim E.T., Soper M.C., Price FW J.r., Price M.O, & Bonanno J.A. (2018). Hypoxia and the prolylhydroxylase inhibitor FG-4592 protect corneal endothelial cells from mechanical and perioperative surgical stress. Cornea, 37(4), 501-507.

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Cell Culture and Characterization Protocols

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DLD-1, HCT-116, SW-480, A549 (American Type Culture Collection) and AD293 cells (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) were cultured and grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated foetal bovine serum (Thermo, Abingdon, UK). Human vein endothelial cells were cultured in EGM-2 complete medium (Lonza, Walkersville, MD, USA). Short tandem repeat profiling (Source Bioscience, Nottingham, UK) and mycoplasma testing (Lonza, Walkersville, MD, USA) were performed routinely. MG-132, FG-4592, 5,6-Dichloro-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-benzimidazole (DRB) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Gillingham, UK), VH298 from Abcam (Cambridge, UK), Pimonidazole from Hypoxyprobe (Burlington, MA, USA) and 5-ethynyl-2-uridine (5’EU) from Jena Bioscience (Jena, Germany).

Yousaf I., Kaeppler J., Frost S., Seymour L.W, & Jacobus E.J. (2020). Attenuation of the Hypoxia Inducible Factor Pathway after Oncolytic Adenovirus Infection Coincides with Decreased Vessel Perfusion. Cancers, 12(4), 851.

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Evaluation of Bicalutamide's Cellular Effects

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Bicalutamide (Bic), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM), tetramethyl ethylene diamine (TEMED) and FG4592 were provided by Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) system was a product of Merck Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA). The PRO-PREP Protein Extraction Solution was provided by iNtRON Biotech. (Kyungki-Do, Korea). JC-1, dihydroethidium (DHE) and dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) were provided by Millipore Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). The 2% charcoal-containing fetal bovine serum (FBS) was provided by GeneTex (Irvine, CA, USA).

Chen K.C., Chen C.R., Chen C.Y., Tzou K.Y., Peng C.C, & Peng R.Y. (2020). Bicalutamide Elicits Renal Damage by Causing Mitochondrial Dysfunction via ROS Damage and Upregulation of HIF-1α. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(9), 3400.

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Culturing and Treating Cancer Cell Lines

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MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436, Hs578T, BT474, and 293T cells were cultured in DMEM (Gibco 11965118) supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin–streptomycin. T47D, HCC3153, HCC70, and MDA-MB-468 cells were cultured in 10% FBS, 1% penicillin–streptomycin RPMI 1640 (Gibco, 11875093). Normal breast epithelial cells MCF10A were cultured in Mammary Epithelial Growth Medium (Lonza CC-3151) containing SingleQuots Supplements (Lonza CC-4136). SUM149 cells were cultured in HuMEC Ready Medium (Gibco, 12752–010). HCC3153 cells were obtained from the cell repository of the Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center (Dallas, TX). Mycoplasma detection was routinely performed using the MycoAlert Detection Kit (Lonza, LT07–218). All cells were maintained at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO₂. For hypoxia treatment, cells were maintained for indicated time in the hypoxia chamber (Coy Laboratory Products). DMOG (D1070–1g, 1 μM) was from Frontier Scientific, DFO (D9533–1G, 200 mM) and FG4592 (D9533–1G, 200 mM) was from Sigma. For drug treatment, cells were treated with drugs for 12 hours.

Liu X., Wang J., Boyer J.A., Gong W., Zhao S., Xie L., Wu Q., Zhang C., Jain K., Guo Y., Rodriguez J., Li M., Uryu H., Liao C., Hu L., Zhou J., Shi X., Tsai Y.H., Yan Q., Luo W., Chen X., Strahl B.D., von Kriegsheim A., Zhang Q., Wang G.G., Baldwin A.S, & Zhang Q. (2022). Histone H3 proline 16 hydroxylation regulates mammalian gene expression. Nature genetics, 54(11), 1721-1735.

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