The peptides WYPGK, WYSGK, and WYFGK were synthesized by Jiangsu Ji Tai Peptide Industry Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (Yancheng, China); their purities were determined to be 99.18, 98.29, and 98.92%. The 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammoniumsalt (ABTS) and 2,2′-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells were purchased from Zhong Qiao Xin Zhou Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) and RPMI 1640 medium were obtained from Gibco-BRL (Gaithersburg, MD, USA). The bicinchoninic acid kit to measure protein concentration were obtained from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). Assay kits to detect reactive oxygen species (ROSs), microscale malondialdehyde (MDA), and adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) were obtained from Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology (Shanghai, China).
2 2 azino bis 3 ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulphonic acid diammonium salt abts
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States
2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid diammonium salt (ABTS) is a chemical compound used as a substrate in various colorimetric and enzymatic assays. It is a water-soluble, chromogenic reagent that undergoes a color change upon oxidation.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Acetic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
6 hydroxy 2 5 7 8 tetramethylchroman 2 carboxylic acid trolox, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (2 mentions)
2 2 azobis 2 amidinopropane dihydrochloride aaph, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Rpmi 1640 medium, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Potassium phosphate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
Sulphuric acid, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
Nitric acid, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
Acetic acid, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
Sodium acetate, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
Saline water, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Potassium persulfate, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
Potassium persulfate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
Potassium hydroxide, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu s reagent, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
10 protocols using 2 2 azino bis 3 ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulphonic acid diammonium salt abts
1
Antioxidant Peptides Protect PC12 Cells
2
Comprehensive Reagents and Chemicals
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Reagents manufacturers: sodium nitrite, aluminum chloride, and sodium hydroxide, all extra pure (>99%), saline water (0.9% NaCl), and methanol were acquired from Merck (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Folin–Ciocalteu's reagent, 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (gallic acid), acetic acid, both extra pure (>99%), and sodium hydroxide were purchased from Panreac (Panreac Química S.L.U., Barcelona, Spain). Sodium molybdate (99.5%) was obtained from Chem-Lab (Chem-Lab N.V., Zedelgem, Belgium). The compounds 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhidrazyl radical (DPPH), potassium phosphate, catechin, potassium persulfate, sodium acetate, 2,4,6-Tripyridyl-s-Triazine (TPTZ iron reagent), acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, and iron(III) chloride were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich Produktions GmbH, Steinheim, Germany). Additionally, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) was purchased from Fluka Chemika (Fluka Chemika, Neu-Ulm, Switzerland). Ethanol, ether petroleum, potassium persulfate, sodium hydroxide, methanol, hydrochloric, formic, and nitric acid, acetonitrile, iron(III) chloride, sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, sulphuric acid (98%), and potassium hydroxide (98%) were acquired from Panreac (Panreac Química S.L.U., Barcelona, Spain).
3
Linoleic and α-Linolenic Acid Oxidation
4
Antioxidant Phytochemicals Analysis
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Ethanol absolute was obtained from Carlo Erba (Milan, Italy). Acetic acid, acetonitrile, methanol, and water (high performance liquid chromatography—HPLC grade) were purchased from VWR (Milan, Italy).
α-pinene, β-pinene, linalool, β-myrcene, terpinolene, caryophyllene, humulene, and β-bisabolene, gallic acid, p-OH benzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, ferulic acid, and rosmarinic acid (from Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany) standards were employed. Working standard mixtures were prepared by appropriate dilution of the standards in methanol. All solutions were stored at −20 °C in the dark.
Folin–Ciocâlteu’s reagent, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH˙), and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS˙+) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). Sodium carbonate, potassium persulfate, potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), trichloroAcetic acid, ferric chloride, and potassium phosphate monobasic were obtained from Carlo Erba (Milan, Italy).
α-pinene, β-pinene, linalool, β-myrcene, terpinolene, caryophyllene, humulene, and β-bisabolene, gallic acid, p-OH benzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, ferulic acid, and rosmarinic acid (from Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany) standards were employed. Working standard mixtures were prepared by appropriate dilution of the standards in methanol. All solutions were stored at −20 °C in the dark.
Folin–Ciocâlteu’s reagent, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH˙), and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS˙+) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). Sodium carbonate, potassium persulfate, potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), trichloroAcetic acid, ferric chloride, and potassium phosphate monobasic were obtained from Carlo Erba (Milan, Italy).
5
Quantification of Phenolic Compounds
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Phenolic acid standards, i.e., 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4-CQA) as well as 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA) were purchased from TRANS MIT GmbH (Giessen, Germany). Caftaric acid was bought from Cayman Chemical Co. (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Dicaffeoylquinic acid, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France), whereas Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, sodium hydroxide,6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid diammonium salt (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical DPPH, sodium hydrogen sulfite (NaHSO3) and formic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. (Steinheim, Germany). Acetonitrile was bought from POCh (Gliwice, Poland). All reagents were of analytical grade.
6
Antioxidant Capacity Evaluation Protocol
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Sodium hydroxide, monobasic potassium phosphate, ascorbic acid and Folin-Ciocalteu reagent were purchased from Aladdin (Shanghai, China), and 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2-2′azino-bis-(3 ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 2,4,6 tripyridy-S-triazine (TPTZ) and phenolic compound standards were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co (Shanghai, China). Methanol and acetonitrile of LC grade were provided by Aladdin (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water was prepared with a Milli-Q system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA).
7
Phenolic Acids Quantification Protocol
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The standards of phenolic acids, i.e., 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4-CQA) and 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA), were purchased from TRANS MIT GmbH (Giessen, Germany). The caffeic acid (CA; 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid) was purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). The folin–Ciocalteu reagent, sodium hydroxide, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid diammonium salt (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), formic acid and acetic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. (Steinheim, Germany). The acetonitrile, methanol, and diethyl ether were bought from POCh (Gliwice, Poland). All the reagents were of analytical grade.
8
Antioxidant Capacity Evaluation of β-Carotene
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β-carotene was supplied from Sigma–Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Arabic gum (LabChem) was used to form the protective matrix. 2,2′-Azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) was purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). 6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) was obtained from Acrós Organics (Geel, Belgium). Potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) and ethanol were purchased from Panreac AppliChem.
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β-carotene was supplied from Sigma–Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Arabic gum (LabChem) was used to form the protective matrix. 2,2′-Azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) was purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). 6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) was obtained from Acrós Organics (Geel, Belgium). Potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) and ethanol were purchased from Panreac AppliChem.
9
Quantification of Sugars and Polyamines
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Sodium hydroxide and SPE cartridges (C18 Sep-Pak cartridges) were acquired from Fluka (Buchs, Switzerland) and Waters Associates (Milford, Mass.), respectively. Sugars (glucose, sucrose, fructose, and inositol), polyamines (spermidine, spermine, cadaverine, histamine, putrescine and 1,6-hexaendiamine), gallic acid, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS•+) and benzoyl chloride were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Methanol, acetonitrile (LC-MS grade), sodium carbonate, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and ethyl ether were obtained from Panreac Química (Barcelona, Spain). Ultrapure water was produced using a Millipore water purification system.
10
Analytical Characterization of Compounds
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All organic solvents were HPLC grade. HMDS, TMCS, pyridine, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). The metals (Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). The standards of organic acids (citric acid, malic acid and oxalic acid) and tocopherols (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-isoforms) were purchased from Sigma. The phenolic compound standards were obtained from Extrasynthese (Genay, France).
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