Cyclopentane

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Cyclopentane is a cycloalkane with the chemical formula C5H10. It is a colorless, volatile, and flammable liquid. Cyclopentane is commonly used as a laboratory solvent and reagent in various chemical reactions and processes.

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Lab products found in correlation

Sodium chloride (nacl), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sylgard 184, by Dow (1 mentions) C2h5oh, by Merck Group (1 mentions) N pentane, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Pentane, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Terephthalic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Cyclohexane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

7 protocols using cyclopentane

Superhydrophobic Silica Nanoparticle Synthesis

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The
following materials
and chemicals were used: n-octadecyltrimethoxysilane
(OTMOS, C₂₁H₄₆O₃Si, Gelest), silica
nanoparticles (Fiber Optic Center Inc.), n-decane
(n-C₁₀H₂₂, Sigma-Aldrich, anhydrous,
≥99%), deionized water, ethanol (C₂H₅OH, Sigma-Aldrich, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%), ammonium hydroxide
solution (NH₃ in H₂O, Aristar, ACS reagent,
28–30 wt %), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, Sylgard 184, Dow Corning),
gelatin (from porcine skin, type A, Sigma-Aldrich), cyclopentane (C₅H₁₀, Sigma-Aldrich, reagent grade, ≥98%),
sodium chloride (NaCl, Sigma-Aldrich, ACS reagent, ≥99%), and
methane/ethane gas mixture (75/25 mol %, General Air).

Zhang X., Gong J., Yang X., Slupe B., Jin J., Wu N, & Sum A.K. (2019). Functionalized Nanoparticles for the Dispersion of Gas Hydrates in Slurry Flow. ACS Omega, 4(8), 13496-13508.

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Polyurethane Foams from Castor Oil and Crude Glycerol

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Castor oil used was provided by PolyUrethane Company (Betim, Minas Gerais, Brazil). Crude glycerol, a co-product of biodiesel production, was kindly provided by Petrobrás (Usina Darcy Ribeiro—Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil). The crude glycerol has about 91% of glycerin, 5% of inorganic compounds (transesterification catalyst, acids, etc.), 1% of methanol, and about 3% of water and biodiesel, oleine, monoglicerides, and others. Pure glycerol (99.5%) was supplied by Synth. The isocyanate source (Desmodur 44 V 20), a mixture of 4,4′-diphenylmethane-diisocyanate, was supplied by Bayer Company. The surfactant was Tegostab 8460 (Evonik, Essen, Germany), a polyether-modified polysiloxane. The catalyst used in polyurethane foams synthesis was DBTDL (dibutyl tin dilaurate), an organometallic catalyst, manufactured by Evonik. The blowing agents used were cyclopentane (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), n-pentane (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), and distilled water.

Carriço C.S., Fraga T., Carvalho V.E, & Pasa V.M. (2017). Polyurethane Foams for Thermal Insulation Uses Produced from Castor Oil and Crude Glycerol Biopolyols. Molecules : A Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry, 22(7), 1091.

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Water-blown Polyurethane Foam Formulation

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The water blown PUR used in this test were obtained from a two-component system. Component A was a polyol premix, the calculated amounts of polyol (STEPANPOL PS-2352 from Stepan Deutschland GMBH, Wesseling, Germany—a modified aromatic polyester polyol), catalysts (Kosmos 75—standard potassium octoate and Kosmos 33—standard potassium acetate catalyst (Evonic, Warsaw, Poland)), blowing agent (n-penate from Merc, Poznan, Poland and cyclopentane from Sigma-Aldrich, Poznan, Poland) and surfactant (TEGOSTAB^® B 8462 from Evonic—a silicone surfactant) were placed in a plastic cup and vigorously mixed at 1500 rpm. mechanical stirrer for 60 s. Component B was diphenylmethane diisocyanate (Purocyn B from Purinova, Bydgoszcz, Poland).

Strąkowska A., Członka S., Kairytė A, & Strzelec K. (2021). Effects of Physical and Chemical Modification of Sunflower Cake on Polyurethane Composite Foam Properties. Materials, 14(6), 1414.

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Polymeric Foam Formulations with Fillers

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Polymeric diphenulmethane diisocyanate with the brand name of Purocyn B was supplied by Purinova Company (Bydgoszcz, Poland). Polyether polyol with the brand name of Stepanpol PS-2352 was purchased from Stepan Company (Northfield, IL, USA). Potassium octoate with a brand name of Kosmos 75 and potassium acetate with a brand name of Kosmos 33 was supplied by Evonik Industry (Essen, Germany). The silicone-based surfactant with the brand name Tegostab B8513 was purchased from Evonik Industry (Essen, Germany). Pentane and cycloPentane (used as a blowing agent in a volume ratio of 50:50 v/v) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich Corporation (Saint Louis, MO, USA). Walnut shells (WS) were supplied by a local company from Poland. The halloysite powder with a specific surface of 64 m²/g, material was purchased from by Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA), montmorillonite clay, Nanomer^® contains 15–35 wt. % octadecylamine, 0.5–5 wt.% aminopropyltriethoxysilane was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), perlite powder with a specific surface of 60–70 m²/g was supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA).

Członka S., Kairytė A., Miedzińska K, & Strąkowska A. (2021). Polyurethane Composites Reinforced with Walnut Shell Filler Treated with Perlite, Montmorillonite and Halloysite. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(14), 7304.

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Synthesis of PUR Composites with Diverse Additives

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The materials used in the synthesis of PUR composites were as follows: Polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (Purocyn B) as isocyanate (Purinova Company, Bydgoszcz, Poland); polyether polyol (Stapanpol PS-2352, Stepan Company, Northfield, IL, USA); potassium octoate (Kosmos 75) and potassium acetate (Kosmos 33) as catalysts (Evonik Industry, Essen, Germany); silicone-based surfactant (Tegostab B8513, Evonik Industry, Essen, Germany); pentane and cyclopentane as blowing agents (Sigma-Aldrich Corporation, Saint Louis, MO, USA); sodium hydroxide (Sigma-Aldrich Corporation, Saint Louis, MO, USA); nanopowder henna (Sigma-Aldrich Corporation, Saint Louis, MO, USA); and coir fibers (local company, Lodz, Poland).

Członka S., Strąkowska A, & Kairytė A. (2021). Coir Fibers Treated with Henna as a Potential Reinforcing Filler in the Synthesis of Polyurethane Composites. Materials, 14(5), 1128.

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Synthesis of Metal-Organic Frameworks

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The chemical reagents used in the experiments were as follows: zirconium chloride (ZrCl₄, 99.9%; aladdin, Shanghai, China), terephthalic acid (H₂BDC, AR, 98%; Aldrich, Shanghai, China), N,N-dimethylformamide (HCON(CH₃)₂, DMF, AR, 99.8%; aladdin, Shanghai, China), methanol (CH₃OH, AR, 99.5%; Sinophram Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. Shanghai, China), ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH, AR, 99.7%; Sinophram Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China), Tert-butyl alcohol ((CH₃)₃OH, AR, 99.9%; aladdin, Shanghai, China), concentrated HCl (CP, 37%; The Third Company of Tianjin Chemical Reagents, Tianjin, China), tungstic acid (WO₃·H₂O, CP, 99%; The Third Company of Tianjin Chemical Reagents, Tianjin, China), hydrogen peroxide solution (H₂O₂, AR, 50 wt %; The Third Company of Tianjin Chemical Reagents, Tianjin, China), cyclopentene (CPE, AR, 99%; Aldrich, Shanghai, China), and cyclopentane ( AR, 99%; Aldrich, Shanghai, China).
All of the materials were supplied from commercial sources and were directly used without any treatment.

Yang X., Wu N., Miao Y, & Li H. (2018). Modification Effects of B2O3 on The Structure and Catalytic Activity of WO3-UiO-66 Catalyst. Nanomaterials, 8(10), 781.

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Kinetic Study of Alkanes and Alkenes

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The following chemicals, with purities as stated by the supplier, were used without further purification: methane (> 99.995%, Air Liquid), ethane (> 99.995%, Air Liquid), propane (> 99.95%, Air Liquid), iso-butane (> 99.95%, Air Liquid), n-butane (> 99.95%, Air Liquid), cyclopentane (> 99.5%, Aldrich), cyclohexane (>99.5%, Aldrich), 2,3-dimethy butane (>99.5%, Aldrich), n-butane-D10 (98 atom % D, Aldrich)
and n-butane-D6 (98 atom % D, Aldrich) . The alkene impurities in these samples are important since they can influence the measured rate coefficients. Therefore, they were measured using GC-MS analyses and are noted elsewhere.
The NO3 radicals were produced by thermal decomposition of N2O5 injected into the chamber. Pure N2O5 was synthesized by mixing NO to a slowly flowing mixture of O3 in N2 and collecting N2O5 in a trap at 193 K. The collected N2O5 was purified via trap-to-trap distillation, as described by Davidson et al. 20

Zhou L ., Ravishankara AR ., Brown SS ., Zarzana KJ ., Idir M ., Daële V , & Mellouki A . (2019). Kinetics of the reactions of NO₃ radical with alkanes. Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP, 21(8).

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