To establish the serum concentrations of Mg, silicon (Si), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn), approximately 0.5-ml serum samples were digested using 8-ml concentrated nitric acid in a Microwave Digestion System (Berghof, Eningen, Germany) for 30 min, and diluted at a ratio of 1:10 with distilled water prior to analysis. Lanthanum chloride (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) was added as an interference suppressant for Mg analyses. The heating program employed was the one described in the oven’s user manual. Sample blanks were similarly prepared using 8-ml nitric acid (65%, w/v). Digested samples and blanks were diluted with ultra-high purity water, and total final volumes, assessed accurately by weight were recorded before analysis. We obtained AAS standard solutions from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). The mineral levels of the samples were measured using Flame AAS (AAS, Perkin-Elmer, Analyst 800, Norwalk, CT, USA) with flame atomization in an acetylene-air via recognized and fully confirmed procedures, with the Zeeman background correction. The assessments were performed in triplicate. The method was verified with certified reference materials (bovine muscle BCR 184).
Aas standard solutions
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany
AAS standard solutions are a type of laboratory equipment used in atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) analysis. These solutions provide precise and accurate concentrations of specific elements, which are used to calibrate and validate AAS instruments, ensuring reliable and consistent results in various analytical applications.
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4 protocols using aas standard solutions
1
Serum Mineral Profiling by AAS
2
Moss Heavy Metal Analysis by AAS
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The content of three elements, Cd, Cu, and Pb, in the moss samples was determined by using iCE 3400 AAS Atomic Absorption Spectrometer with electrothermal (graphite furnace) atomization (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). The calibration solutions were prepared from AAS standard solutions with metal ion concentrations of 1 g/L (Merck, Germany).
3
Plant Ni Quantification via GF-AAS and ICP-MS
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Plants cultured as previously described were harvested, rinsed in 10 mM EDTA and deionized water, and dried at 80°C for 12 h. For a single sample, approximately 50 mg of plant (root and shoot separately or entire plant as indicated in the figure captions) samples were weighed for analytical accuracy. The plant material was prepared as described by Ważny et al. (2021 (link)). Nickel was measured utilizing graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF‐AAS) equipped with an autosampler (iC3000; Thermo Fisher Scientific) and inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). The external standard calibration method was applied using AAS standard solutions (Sigma‐Aldrich). The international standard ERM‐CD281 for validation was used.
4
Microwave-Assisted Digestion and Ni Analysis
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Approximately 50 mg of root and shoot samples (N = 3) were weighted to analytical accuracy, transferred into teflon autoclave (Speedwave® Entry, Berghof, Germany) and pre-digested in 5.00 mL of 65% HNO3 (Argenta, Poland) at room temperature for 1 h. The digestion was carried out for 30 min after the addition of 30% hydrogen peroxide (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA). Microwave digestion was carried out for 35 min (temp profile: step 1—ramp 5 °C/min, time—5 min, temp: 145 °C; step 2—ramp 3 °C/min, time—10 min, temp: 190 °C; step 3—ramp 10 °C/min, time—1 min, temp: 75 °C). Subsequently, the solution was cooled to room temperature and quantitatively transferred into a 25 mL volumetric flask and made up with deionized water. The blank samples were processed simultaneously according to the same analytical procedure. Nickel was measured by using atomic absorption spectrometry (graphite furnace [GF-AAS], equipped with an auto-sampler [Thermo Scientific, iC3000, US]). The external standard calibration method was applied using AAS standard solutions (Sigma Aldrich, USA). All chemicals were trace metal grade.
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