Rabbit anti icam 1

The following antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA): goat anti-COL1A1, anti-p-p70s6k (Thr389), and anti-Akt; mouse anti-α-SMA, anti-LC-3, anti-mTOR, and anti-GNMT; rat anti-CD3; and rabbit anti-p70s6k, anti-p62, anti-p-mTOR (Ser2448), and anti-COL4A2. Mouse anti-p-Akt (Ser473) and rabbit ant-iNOS and anti-MPO antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Rat anti-F4/80 and rabbit anti-ICAM-1 and anti-VCAM-1 antibodies were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). Both the mouse anti-GAPDH antibody and Masson’s trichrome staining kit were obtained from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The mouse anti-TGF-β antibody was obtained from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Anesthetized mice were fully perfused with PBS and 4% PFA (paraformaldehyde) and the brains were isolated and fixed with PFA. Before staining, the brain slices (10 μm thick) were washed with PBS three times and then incubated for 30 min in PBS containing 0.3% Triton X-100 and 3% serum. Later, the slices were incubated with primary antibodies for 12 h: rabbit anti-ICAM1 (1:100, Abcam) or mouse anti-A_2AR (1:300, Wako). The sections were then washed with PBS and incubated for 2 h at room temperature with Alexa Fluor 488 antibodies (Abcam; 1:400). The slices were then washed and mounted on slides with VECTASHIELD mounting media (containing DAPI). For CD3 staining, the isolated CP tissues were fixed with 2.5% PFA for 30 min and then transferred to PBS. The following protocol was similar to the above procedure with rat anti-CD3 (1:100, CD3-FITC, Abcam). Images were acquired with a confocal microscope (LSM880, Zeiss). As described earlier [16 (link)], tissue slices were stained with hematoxylin–eosin.