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998 protocols using spss 18

1

Evaluation of recGH/pitGH Ratios in Serum and DBS

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WADA guidelines for hGH immunoassays in serum (6 ) were applied to evaluate the results observed in serum. Accordingly, for the purposes of calculating the recGH/ pitGH ratio, recGH and pitGH concentrations below respective assay LLOQ were replaced by the LLOQ value established in the Laboratory. These LLOQ values for recGH and pitGH concentrations in serum for kit 1 were 0.030 and 0.038 and for kit 2 were 0.029 and 0.043 g/L, respectively. For clinical trial DBS, recGH and pitGH concentrations below the functional sensitivity established for the DBS method validation similarly were replaced by the corresponding LLOQ (Table 1).
For statistical analysis of the comparison data, data normality was assessed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnoff test and Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were calculated using SPSS 18 software (IBM). The level of agreement between serum and DBS methods was assessed using Bland-Altman plot values (bias and limits of agreement as Ϯ SD 1.96); means and SD were calculated using Microsoft Excel 2010 (Microsoft Corporation) and SPSS 18 software (IBM). Deming regression parameters were calculated using the R statistical software environment (http://www.r-project.org) and the MethComp package.
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2

Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Outcomes

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All data was tested to ensure normal distribution in SPSS 18.0 (IBM, New York, NY, USA) prior to subsequent analysis (Skewness < 1, Kurtosis < 1).
A paired sample t-test was conducted to compare the changes before and after intervention within groups. Differences in response among groups were analyzed via one-way ANOVA, where results are presented as means and standard deviations. Duncan’s post hoc test was performed for multiple comparisons when changes were significantly different among groups.
The dietary results were analyzed via principal component analysis (PCA) with the correlation matrix as input [21 (link)]. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value was greater than 0.6, and results were considered significant at p < 0.001. The associations between interventional effects (including dietary patterns and PG) and sociodemographic factors were assessed according to the odds ratio (OR) with the logistic regression model [22 (link)]. The final model included those variables that showed a statistical significance of up to 5% (p < 0.05). All statistical procedures were performed using SPSS 18.0 software (IBM, New York, NY, USA).
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3

Developing a Validated Qualitative Interview Scale

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NVivo 10 was developed by QSR international in the United States and was used to transcribe and code qualitative interview data and establish an item pool. Item analyses were conducted to test the adequacy and reliability of items, sort the total scores, and use 27% as the demarcation point to divide into high-score group and low-score group. The differences of each item in the high-score group and low-score group were analyzed by an independent sample T-test. Items were reserved when statistically significant differences were found. The EFA was used by the following methods. Principal components analysis was used to extract factors, which eigenvalue was >1. Maximum iterations for convergence were 25, which was the default value set by SPSS 18.0 (SPSS 18.0 was developed by IBM in the United States). Orthogonal rotation (maximum variance method) was applied the supposition that there was no correlation among each common factor. The Pearson product–moment correlation coefficient was used to calculate the test–retest reliability of the scale. Differences of each common factor between the group of patients and group of spouses were evaluated using an independent sample t-test.
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4

Validity and Reliability of TB Questionnaire

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In a pilot study, the validity of the questionnaire was evaluated as confirmed by expert professors, and its reliability was assessed using the statistical reliability test (Cronbach's alpha = 0.92). A univariate logistic regression test was used to compare geographic, clinical, and demographic variables in the clusters (recent transmission) and unique (recurring transmission) groups. Univariate and multiple linear regression tests were used for analysis of the mean number of strains’ bands per geographical regions, drug resistance, vaccination history, purified protein derivative (PPD) diameter, gender, age, immigration history, and family history of TB using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS-18) software (IBM SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA).
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5

Triplicate Biological Replicates Analysis

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Three biological replicates were performed in each experiment. The experimental data are presented as the means ± standard deviations of three independent replicates. Data were analyzed via analysis of variance (ANOVA), and mean values were compared by Tukey's multiple range test (p < .05). All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS18 statistical software package (IBM SPSS Statistics).
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6

Spatial Mapping of PAH Exposure Risk

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Spatial distribution of PAH concentration and risk was mapped out by ArcGIS 10.2 (Esri, Redlands, CA, USA). All statistical procedures including one-way ANOVA and correlation analysis were carried out using SPSS 18 (IBM SPSS, Armonk, NY, USA). Result were considered statistically significant if the p value was <0.05.
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7

Comparative Analysis of Protein Expression

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Each experiment was performed three times with similar results. All statistical analyses were performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS 18 software (IBM SPSS, Armonk, New York, USA). All data are presented as the means ± standard deviations (SD). The level of significance was set to P < 0.05.
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8

Fingerprinting and Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Fingerprinting patterns of IS6110 were analyzed using Gel Compare II software (WINDOWS 7, VERSION 6.6, APPLIED MATH, KOTRIJK, BELGIUM). The strains we examined that exhibited >80% similarity to the 19 Beijing reference strains obtained from the research of Kremer et al. were considered to be Beijing strains.[4 (link)] To this end, autoradiograms were scanned at an optical resolution of 190 dpi, the positions of the IS6110 fragments of the evaluated samples and the reference Beijing strains were then normalized with an internal marker, and their accuracy was verified using the IS6110 banding pattern of the H37RV strain. Dendrograms were designed by hierarchical unweighted pair clustering group method analysis algorithm (UPGMA) and analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS-18) software (IBM SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA) was used to perform Chi-square tests for comparing variables in the Beijing and non-Beijing strains.
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9

Pear Cultivars Antioxidant Evaluation

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All samples were analyzed in triplicate and the results were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. Spearman correlation analysis between the mean physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of pear pastes prepared from 23 cultivars, Duncan’s test for significance of difference, factor analysis and cluster analysis were all performed by Statistical Product and Service Solutions software SPSS 18 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Inc., Chicago, IL, United States) with the significant level set at p < 0.05.
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10

Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data

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Statistical analysis was performed using the GraphPad Prism 6.0 software. The results are expressed as the mean ± the standard error of the mean (SEM). Statistical differences were analyzed by one-way ANOVA using SPSS 18 (IBMSPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Differences were considered significant when p < 0.05.
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