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Capillary pipettes

Manufactured by Warner Instruments

Capillary pipettes are precision instruments used to measure and transfer small volumes of liquids accurately. They feature a narrow, cylindrical glass or plastic tube with a tapered tip for precise liquid handling.

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5 protocols using capillary pipettes

1

Xenopus Oocyte Voltage Clamp Electrophysiology

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The two-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology experiments in Xenopus oocytes were performed as we described previously (Zheng et al., 2018 (link)). Briefly, the electrodes (Capillary pipettes, Warner Instruments, Hamden, CT) that impale an oocyte were filled with 3 M KCl to form a tip resistance of 0.3–2 MΩ. Duration of application of extracellular Ca2+, CMZ was indicated in time course recordings. Unless described otherwise, measurements were performed when an oocyte was voltage clamped and held at −50 mV. Whole-cell currents and membrane potentials were recorded and analyzed using a Geneclamp 500B amplifier and Digidata 1322A AD/DA converter (Molecular Devices, Union City, CA) together with the pClamp 9 software (Axon Instruments, Union City, CA). Current and voltage signals were digitized at 100 μs/sample and filtered at 2 kHz through a Bessel filter. SigmaPlot 13 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA) and GraphPad Prism 8 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA) were used for data plotting.
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2

Two-Electrode Voltage Clamp in Xenopus Oocytes

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Two-electrode voltage clamp experiments in Xenopus oocytes were performed as described (Yang et al., 2012 (link)). Briefly, the two electrodes (capillary pipettes; Warner Instruments, Hamden, CT) impaling an oocyte were filled with 3 M KCl to form a tip resistance of 0.3–2 MΩ. Duration of application of extracellular agonist Ca2+, menthol, or capsaicin was indicated in time course recordings. Currents were recorded using a Geneclamp 500B amplifier and Digidata 1322A AD/DA converter (Molecular Devices, Union City, CA). The pClamp 9 software (Axon Instruments, Union City, CA) was employed for data acquisition and analysis. Currents and voltages were digitally recorded at 200 ms/sample and filtered at 2 kHz through a Bessel filter. SigmaPlot 13 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA) was used for data fitting and plotting.
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3

Two-Electrode Voltage Clamp in Xenopus Oocytes

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Two-electrode voltage clamp experiments in Xenopus oocytes were performed as described (Yang et al., 2012 (link)). Briefly, the two electrodes (capillary pipettes; Warner Instruments, Hamden, CT) impaling an oocyte were filled with 3 M KCl to form a tip resistance of 0.3–2 MΩ. Duration of application of extracellular agonist Ca2+, menthol, or capsaicin was indicated in time course recordings. Currents were recorded using a Geneclamp 500B amplifier and Digidata 1322A AD/DA converter (Molecular Devices, Union City, CA). The pClamp 9 software (Axon Instruments, Union City, CA) was employed for data acquisition and analysis. Currents and voltages were digitally recorded at 200 ms/sample and filtered at 2 kHz through a Bessel filter. SigmaPlot 13 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA) was used for data fitting and plotting.
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4

Two-Microelectrode Voltage Clamp of Oocytes

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Two-microelectrode voltage clamp experiments were performed as described before9 (link). Briefly, the two electrodes (Capillary pipettes, Warner Instruments, Hamden, CT) impaling oocytes were filled with 3 M KCl to form a tip resistance of 0.3–2 MΩ. The standard extracellular solution (pH 7.5) containing 100 mM NaCl, 2 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2 and 10 mM HEPES was used. The solution containing extracellular Ca2+ was prepared from the standard solution with the addition of CaCl2 to a final concentration of 5 mM. Duration of application of Ca2+ medium was indicated in time course recordings. Oocyte whole-cell currents were recorded using a Geneclamp 500B amplifier and Digidata 1322A AD/DA converter (Molecular Devices, Union City, CA). The pClamp 9 software (Axon Instruments, Union City, CA) was applied for data acquisition and analysis. Currents and voltages were digitally recorded at 200 μs/sample and filtered at 2 kHz through a Bessel filter. SigmaPlot 12 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA) was used for data fitting and plotting.
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5

Two-electrode voltage clamp of oocytes

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Two-electrode voltage clamp experiments using oocytes were carried out as previous61 (link). Briefly, two electrodes made of capillary pipettes (Warner Instruments, Hamden, CT) penetrating an oocyte were filled with 3 M KCl to obtain a tip resistance ranging from 0.3 to 2 MΩ. Whole-cell currents of an oocyte were recorded at RT in an extracellular solution with composition specified in figure legends. Electric currents were recorded with a Geneclamp 500B amplifier and Digidata 1322 A AD/DA converter (Molecular Devices, Union City, CA). Currents and voltage were recorded at 200 μs/sample and Bessel filtered at 2 kHz. The data was acquainted and analyzed with software pClamp version 9 (Axon Instruments, Union City, CA). SigmaPlot version 13 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA) and GraphPad Prism version 7 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA) were employed for data plotting.
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