Graphite powder was purchased from Acros. KMnO4 (AR), NaNO3 (AR), linear chain PEG amine (5000), branched polyethylenimine 10000 (BPEI 10000), folic acid, EDC and NHS, were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Doxorubicin was purchased from Sangon Biotech (Shanghai, China). Modified RPMI-1640 Medium was purchased from HyClone. Fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin-streptomycin, and trypsin were obtained from Gibco. Propidium iodide, LysoTracker, MitoTracker and Hoechst were purchased from Molecular Probes (USA). The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Calcein AM were purchased from Dojindo (Japan). The β-actin antibody was purchased from GeneTex (USA). The dialysis bags and ultrafiltration tubes (molecular weight cutoff: 10-kDa and 30-kDa) were purchased from Millipore. The P-gp siRNA, the scrambled siRNA and FAM-labelled siRNA were supplied by GenePharma (Shanghai, China).
Graphite powder
Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, India
Graphite powder is a fine, black, powdery substance consisting of the element carbon. It is a naturally occurring material with a crystalline structure. Graphite powder is commonly used in various industrial and laboratory applications due to its unique properties, such as thermal and electrical conductivity, lubricity, and resistance to high temperatures.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Sulfuric acid, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Potassium chloride (kcl), by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Hydrogen peroxide, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Kmno4, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Potassium permanganate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Bovine serum albumin (bsa), by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Uric acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Toluene, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Milli q ultrapure water, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Phosphoric acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Boric acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Potassium ferricyanide, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
H2so4, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Potassium hexacyanoferrate 3, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Milli q system, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Bisphenol a, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (2 mentions)
58 protocols using graphite powder
1
Doxorubicin-Loaded PEG-Grafted Nanoparticles
2
Ecoflex-based Flexible Biosensor
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Ecoflex 00–30 was purchased from Smooth-on. TPU film was purchased from Lubrizol. Silver flakes, SEBS, toluene, Prussian blue (soluble), chitosan, acetic acid, potassium hydroxide (KOH), PVA (MW ~89,000), phosphate buffer solution (PBS) (1 M, pH 7.4), uric acid, l-lactic acid, d (+)-glucose, acetaminophen, ascorbic acid, sucrose, sodium chloride, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and potassium chloride were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Graphite powder was purchased from Acros Organics. Super-P carbon black was obtained from MTI. Silver conductive epoxy adhesive was purchased from MG Chemicals. LOx (activity 101 U mg−1) was purchased from Toyobo. Mould release spray (Smooth-on) was purchased from Amazon.
3
Graphene Oxide Synthesis via Modified Hummers Method
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Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by a modified Hummers method [22 (link),23 (link)]. Generally, for oxidizing 10 g of graphite powder (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium) 230 mL of sulfuric acid (98 wt.%), 4.7 g of sodium nitrate and 30 g of potassium permanganate were used. The graphite powder was added to sulfuric acid and stirred for 30 min. Next, sodium nitrate and potassium permanganate were slowly added and the whole mixture was kept in an ice bath to keep the temperature below 10 °C. After this step the mixture was slowly heated to 35 °C and stirred for two hours. After that 100 mL of deionized water was added to the mixture and the temperature reached ~100 °C. Finally, the mixture was treated with 10 mL of 30 wt.% H2O2. The obtained slurry was kept in an ultrasonic bath for 1 h and next it was thoroughly filtered through a ceramic membrane system with 0.2 micron pore size and washed with deionized water until the pH of the filtrate reached ~7. Graphene oxide was obtained as a water suspension with the concentration of 14 mg/mL.
4
Electrochemical Sensing with Nanomaterials
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4,4′-Diphenylmethane-diisocyanate (MDI), castor oil (CO) and ethanolamine (EA) were purchased from Merck, Germany. Tin(ii ) octoate, Sn(Oct)2 was used as a catalyst and it has been provided by Sigma-Aldrich. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were obtained from Fisher chemicals. Phthalic acid (C8H6O4) was used as a supporting electrolyte and prepared in Milli-Q water. The synthesized nanomaterials were used in this study include, silver (Ag), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), and copper (Cu) nanoparticles in addition to metal oxides such as aluminum oxide (Al2O3), manganese oxide (MnO2) nanorods, and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs, Sigma-Aldrich). Carbon paste electrodes were prepared by using graphite powder and paraffin oil, brought from Acros Organics and Fluka, respectively.
5
Anthracite-based Catalyst Synthesis
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Anthracite was obtained from Henan Yongcheng Coal Mine, China. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) dispersion (60 wt%) and Nafion perfluorinated resin solution (5 wt%) were bought from Aldrich, graphite powder was bought from Acros, melamine was bought from Adamas-beta, potassium hydroxide and sodium sulfate were bought from General Reagent, the JM Pt/C (20% Pt) catalyst was bought from Shanghai Hesen, ethanol, isopropanol and hydrochloric acid were bought from Sinopharm. High-purity O2 and N2 (99.999%) were bought from Xuzhou Special Gases. Deionized water from a Satorius arium ultrapure water system (18 MΩ cm) was used to prepare all aqueous solutions.
6
Synthesis of Porphyrin Derivatives
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5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl) porphyrin (TAPP) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl) porphyrin (TPPH) were purchased from Porphyrin Systems, graphite powder was purchased from Acros Organics and ascorbic acid was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Ethanol (HPLC grade) was bought from J.T. Baker. Solutions were prepared with millipore distilled water ( ). The purchased chemicals were used without further purification.
7
Fabrication of Gas Diffusion Cathode
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The gas diffusion
cathode was created by modifying carbon fiber paper (AvCarb P75T,
10 × 10 cm2, Fuel Cell Store, College Station, TX)
with a conductive, hydrophobic support layer and a carbon catalyst.14 (link) The air-facing side of the cathode was prepared
by coating a mixture of 60 wt % PTFE and 30 wt % graphite powder (200
mesh, Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA) onto one side of the carbon base
layer. The cathode was then air-dried at room temperature, followed
by sintering at 350 °C for 40 min. The liquid-facing side was
prepared by applying a mixture of 3 mL of propanol with 150 mg of
carbon black (Cabot Black Pearls 2000, Cabot, Boston, MA) and 50 mg
of PTFE onto the other side of the carbon base layer. The cathode
was again air-dried at room temperature, followed by sintering at
350 °C for 40 min.
cathode was created by modifying carbon fiber paper (AvCarb P75T,
10 × 10 cm2, Fuel Cell Store, College Station, TX)
with a conductive, hydrophobic support layer and a carbon catalyst.14 (link) The air-facing side of the cathode was prepared
by coating a mixture of 60 wt % PTFE and 30 wt % graphite powder (200
mesh, Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA) onto one side of the carbon base
layer. The cathode was then air-dried at room temperature, followed
by sintering at 350 °C for 40 min. The liquid-facing side was
prepared by applying a mixture of 3 mL of propanol with 150 mg of
carbon black (Cabot Black Pearls 2000, Cabot, Boston, MA) and 50 mg
of PTFE onto the other side of the carbon base layer. The cathode
was again air-dried at room temperature, followed by sintering at
350 °C for 40 min.
8
Thiolated Oligonucleotides for Graphite-based Biosensors
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All thiolated oligonucleotides used in this study were purchased from Integrated DNA Technologies (Coralville, IA). Graphite powder (99%, 7–11 μM) was purchased from Alfa–Aesar (Heysham, Lancashire, UK). Sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrogen peroxide, trisodium citrate, sodium phosphate tribasic, sodium phosphate dibasic, boric acid, tetrachloroauric acid, dimethyl sulfoxide, apigenin, xylene, ethanol, 3,3-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride, hematoxylin, and isopropanol were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Milwaukee, WI). Citric acid, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium permanganate, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris), and hydrochloric acid were purchased from Mallinckrodt Baker (Phillipsburg, NJ). Alpha-MEM and fetal bovine serum were purchased from GIBCO (Campinas, Brazil). An MTT assay kit was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). MUC1 (VU4H5) mouse mAb, anti-mouse IgG, and HRP-linked antibody were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). Milli-Q ultrapure water (18 MΩ, Millipore, Billerica, MA) was used in all experiments.
9
Graphite-based Electrode Synthesis Protocol
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Graphite powder (spectral pure) was from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA). Absolute ethanol, methanol, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) were purchased from Beijing Chemical Reagent (Beijing, China). 1,2-Benzenedithiol (TCI) and 20% E-TEK Pt/C were obtained from Alfar Aesar (Tianjin, China) and Millipore Mill-Q (18.2 MΩ cm) deionized water was used to prepare the aqueous solutions.
10
Facile synthesis of graphite-based composites
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Graphite was acquired from Alfa Aesar (Graphite powder, natural, briquetting grade, −100 mesh, 99.9995%) and used without any purification. Dry ice was purchased from Taekyung Chemical Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea. In addition, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA, >98%) and 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA, >97%) were acquired from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan and used as received. N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was purified by a two-column solid-state purification system (Glass-contour System, Joerg Meyer, Irvine, CA, USA).
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