The analysis of the dual-task balance data differed from the walk data in that it involved only one level of the n-back task (1-back). For each ML-sway variable and cognitive accuracy score (means only), 2 × 2 × 4 ANOVAs were conducted with the within-subjects factors of Time (Pre vs. Post), Task (single vs. dual) and the between-subjects factor of Group (Aerobic + CT, Aerobic + CL, Stretch + CT, Stretch + CL). For all statistical analyses, IBM SPSS Statistical package version 21 was used, the alpha was set at (0.05) for significance and all post hoc comparisons were Bonferroni corrected.
Spss statistical package version 21
Manufactured by IBM
Sourced in United States
SPSS Statistics is a software package used for statistical analysis. Version 21.0 provides a range of statistical procedures for data manipulation, analysis, and presentation. The core function of this software is to assist users in analyzing and interpreting data through various statistical techniques.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
60 protocols using spss statistical package version 21
1
Dual-task Balance and Cognitive Accuracy Analysis
2
Acupuncture Regulates Cisplatin-Induced Anorexia
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All data, including body weight, food intake, water intake, urine excretion, levels of serum ghrelin, CCK, 5-HT and c-Fos expression were expressed as the mean ± standard error of the mean which were normalized to the control group. Changes in body weight, food intake, water intake and urine excretion were compared prior to cisplatin injection and at days 1, 2, 3 and day 4 among the different acupuncture point stimulation groups, with positive values implying an increase in these parameters. As the experimental groups only included a small number of animals, a non-parametric analysis method was adopted for statistical analysis. For Experiment 1, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis for each variable. Dunn's pairwise test with Bonferroni adjustment was performed as a post-hoc test. For the analysis of the results of Experiment 2, the Mann-Whitney U-test was used for comparison of each variable between the CV12 EA and control groups. The SPSS statistical package version 21 was used for all analyses (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). P<0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference.
3
Comprehensive Genetic Disorder Profiling
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The detection rates of ID, typical dysmorphic features, short stature, microcephaly, etc. were directly calculated, and Pearson’s chi-square test was used to compare rates between the case and control groups. Categorical variables were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test if the expected frequency was less than five. The rank sum test was used for two-group comparisons of age, height, SD scores, and IQ score data. All the raw data were analyzed using SPSS Statistical package version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, USA), and a two-sided P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
4
Comparative Statistical Analysis of Parameters
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One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test was used to compare the statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between the mean of tested parameters. The statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS statistical package version 21 (IBM Corp. Armonk, NY, USA).
5
Genetic Associations in Childhood Bronchiolitis
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SPSS Statistical Package Version 21 (IBM, NY, USA) was used in the statistical analyses of the data. The IOS outcome parameters were graphically estimated to be normally distributed. The results are expressed as means, standard deviations (SD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for continuous variables and as numbers and frequencies for categorized variables. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used in the analyses of categorized data. Analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) was used in the analyses of continuous data and, when appropriate, adjusted for age, sex, RSV vs. non-RSV etiology of bronchiolitis, current BMI z-score, current atopic eczema and the use of ICS medication during the last 12 months. The p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Since the TLR7 rs179008 and TLR8 rs2407992 genes are located in the X chromosome, the analyses were carried out separately for 48 boys and 50 girls. When the data from the boys and girls were analyzed together, the male allele carries were combined with female homozygotes or, alternately, with female heterozygotes.
Further genotype combination analyses were carried out for the TLR2 subfamily (TLR1 rs5743618, TLR2 rs5743708, TLR6 rs5743810 and TLR10 rs4129009).
Since the TLR7 rs179008 and TLR8 rs2407992 genes are located in the X chromosome, the analyses were carried out separately for 48 boys and 50 girls. When the data from the boys and girls were analyzed together, the male allele carries were combined with female homozygotes or, alternately, with female heterozygotes.
Further genotype combination analyses were carried out for the TLR2 subfamily (TLR1 rs5743618, TLR2 rs5743708, TLR6 rs5743810 and TLR10 rs4129009).
6
Spatial Analysis of Global Climate Patterns
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The world map was drawn in PowerPoint 2010. Hierarchical clustering analysis and, correlation analysis and the box plots were created using IBM SPSS Statistical package, version 21. Microsoft Excel 2016 and Microsoft Power Point 2010 were used to for routine calculation, as well as in preparation and integration of the figures composed from multiple parts
7
Validating Stress-Responsive Gene Expression
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In order to verify the effectiveness of the most stable reference genes for normalizing target gene expression data, three stress-responsive genes Cyt-Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cyt-Cu/Zn SOD), abscisic acid receptor (ABA), and proline transporter 2 (PRO) were selected and the 2-ΔΔCT [38 (link)] method was applied to calculate their expressions. All gene expression data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA using the IBM SPSS statistical package version 21 (IBM Corp. Armonk NY USA). Test of significance was performed using the Tukey’s test at α = 0.05.
8
Anatomy Education Engagement and Evaluation
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Statistical analysis of data was performed with SPSS statistical package, version 21 (IBM Crop., Armonk, NY). Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the internal consistency of the items. Student demographic information was tabulated. In the case of Likert scale questions, data were presented numerically as mean ± standard deviation (strongly disagree = 1, disagree = 2, agree = 3 and strongly agree = 4) (Mayer & Cavallaro, 2019 ). Descriptive analysis of data was established based on the percentage of total responses. The qualitative text data were evaluated using thematic analysis. All answers were categorised by theme then each answer was classified and listed based on those themes (Kuckartz, 2019 ). Both first and second academic years studied anatomy online, and data were provided to all students and were not analysed separately.
9
Comparing Online and Traditional Exam Performance
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All data were analysed in SPSS statistical package, version 21 (IBM, Armonk, NY) and reported descriptively. The mean scores of OSE vs. TSE were compared using independent sample t-test. A p value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Regarding analysis of the questionnaire pertaining to online and traditional exam pattern, the students answered the questions on a Likert scale ranging from 1-3 with 1-Disagree, 2–Neutral, 3-Agree. The responses were expressed as percentages for each item on the questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha for the items of the questionnaire was 0.82.
10
Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data
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The data were analysed using IBM SPSS statistical package version 21. Data are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and percentage (%). Continuous variables were compared using paired sample T test or Wilcoxon signed rank test, and categorical variables were compared using McNemar test. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05.
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