N methyl 2 pyrrolidone

The bis(4-fluorophenyl)sulfone (98%) was purchased from Fluorochem Co., Ltd. (Derbyshire, UK) and used as received. The monomer 2,6-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-pyridine was synthesized according to known procedures [37 (link)]. The solvents N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA, 99%), and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP, 99+%), were supplied from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA) and toluene (99.7+%), ethanol (95%), as well as polyethyleneglycol (PEG, MW 2050), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, MW 40,000), and deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-d6) from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co., Ltd. (St. Louis, MO, USA) and used without further purification. Solvent 1,1,1-trichloethane (TCE, 97%) was also supplied from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co., Ltd. (St. Louis, MO, USA) and distilled prior to use. Chlorosulfonic acid and potassium carbonate were obtained from Merck & Co., Inc (Kenilworth, NJ, USA) and used without further purification. Ultra-pure water was obtained by means of an Ultra Clear TWF UV, SG apparatus water purification unit (SG Wasseraufbereitungund Regenerierstation GmbH, Barsbuettel, Germany).

CA (39.8 wt% acetyl, Mw ~30,000 g/mol) and sodium alginate (99%) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). Sodium chloride (NaCl, 99.9% purity), magnesium chloride (MgCl_2, 99.9%) and n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP, 99.9%) were purchased from Alfa-Aesar. Acetone (99.9%) was purchased from Daejung Chemical Co. Ltd. (South Korea). All ZIF crystal fabrication was conducted as presented in previous work³⁶ . 5(6)-methylbenzimidazole (mbImH) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were purchased from the Sigma-Aldrich (USA), and anhydrous methanol was obtained from Daejeung Chemical Co. Ltd. (South Korea). 2-methylimidazole (2-mImH) and zinc nitrate tetrahydrate were purchased from Merck Chemical Co (Germany). All of these chemicals were used without further purification. All experiments were performed in air.

4,4-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic Anhydride(6FDA, 98.0%, TCI chemicals), 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3-phenylenediamine (DAM, 98.5%, TCI chemicals) and 4,4’-Biphthalic Anhydride (BPDA, 98%, TCI chemicals) were sublimated in vacuum state before use. Acetic anhydride (AcAn, >99%, Sigma-Aldrich) and 3-methylpyridine (beta picoline, 99%, Sigma-Aldrich) were dried by soaking 3 A zeolite sieve before use. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP, 99%, Alfa Aesar), methanol(MeOH, 99.5%, SAMCHUN) and n-hexane(95.0%, SAMCHUN) was used as received. The used gases (>99.9%) in this experiment were provided by Special Gas, Ltd (Korea) including helium(He), carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen(N₂), methane(CH₄), ethylene(C₂H₄) and ethane(C₂H₆).

PPO (Mn 20,000 and Polydispersity ~2.5) was purchased from Polysciences, Inc. Chlorobenzene (ACS reagent, ≥99.5%), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP, reagent grade), tetrahydrofuran (THF, ACS, >99%), diethyl ether (>99%), 1,2-dichloroethane (99.8%), allyl bromide (98%), allyl chloride (98%) and chloroform (99.8%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Thermo Fisher, Kandel, Germany). Diallymethylamine (97%) and piperidine (≥99%) were bought from ABCR GmbH (Karlsruhe, Germany). Dimethyl sulfoxide-d₆ (DMSO-d₆, 99.9%) was supplied from Acros Organics ((Thermo Fisher, Kandel, Germany). N-bromosuccinimide (NBS, 99%), 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN, 98%), methanol (99.9%) and chloroform-d (CDCl₃-d, 99.9% D) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). 2-hydroxy-4′-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone (Irgacure D-2959) was bought from Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc (Basel, Switzerland). Cellophane™ 350PØØ was purchased from Futamura Chemical Co. Ltd. (Hamburg, Germany). Celgard^® membranes were kindly provided by Celgard, LLC (France). Zirfon^® and PBI^® were provided by AGFA Gevaert NV (Mortsel, Belgium) and Fumatech BWT GmbH (Bietigheim-Bissingen, Germany), respectively. All chemicals were used without further purification.

Hydrated ferric (III) chloride (FeCl₃·6H₂O, > 98.0%), hydrated magnesium nitrate (Mg(NO₃)₂·6H₂O, > 99.0%), sodium hydroxide (NaOH, analytical grade), hydrochloric acid (HCL, 37%, analytical grade), and potassium hydroxide (KOH, analytical grade) were obtained from Merck. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), and carbon black were sourced from Alfa Aesar. Orange peels (OP) were collected from the farm in Damietta Governorate, Egypt, between October and December.