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4 protocols using l glutamine

1

Amino Acid and Compound Acquisition Protocol

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L-Alanine (CAS No. 56-41-7), L-Arginine (CAS No. 74-79-3), L-Asparagine (CAS No. 70-47-3), L-Aspartic acid (CAS No. 56-84-8), L-Cysteine (CAS No. 52-90-4), L-Glutamic acid (CAS No. 56-86-0), L-Glutamine (CAS No. 56-85-9), L-Histidine (CAS No. 71-00-1), L-Isoleucine (CAS No. 73-32-5), L-Leucine (CAS No. 61-90-5), L-Lysine (CAS No. 56-87-1), L-Methionine (CAS No. 63-68-3), L-Phenylalanine (CAS No. 63-91-2), L-Proline (CAS No. 147-87-3), L-Serine (CAS No. 56-45-1), L-Threonine (CAS No. 72-19-5), L-Tryptophan (CAS No. 73-22-3), L-Tyrosine (CAS No. 60-18-4), L-Valine (CAS No. 72-18-4), and Glycine (CAS No. 56-40-6) were purchased from MACKLIN. MHY1485 (CAS No. 326914-06-1) and Rapamycin (CAS No. 53123-88-9) were purchased from APExBIO.
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2

Dialysis Characterization of Biomolecules

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GelNB-loaded molecular weight 3500 Da dialysis bags with deionized water were sealed by clips and immersed in 500 mL of d-Glucose (Meilunbio, China), l-arginine (Sangon Biotech, China), l-glutamic acid (Macklin, China), l-tryptophan (Macklin), glycine (Macklin), l-glutamine (Macklin), l-cysteine (Macklin), or Ringer's solution, respectively. As a control, deionized water was placed in a separate clean dialysis bag. The liquid in the dialysis bags was collected in a vacuum tube at regular intervals as a dialysis test sample. The amino acid concentrations were determined using a total amino acid assay kit (Nanjing Jiancheng Bio-engineering Institute, China). The glucose concentration was assessed using a glucose colorimetric assay kit (Elabscience, China). The ion concentrations were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer (Beckman Coulter AU5800, USA).
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3

Appressorium Development and Invasion Assay

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Appressorium development and invasion assay were performed by incubating indicated strains on plastic plates and onion epidermis, respectively, as described in our previous report [23 ]. Briefly, 5 drops (5 µL per drop, 2 × 105 conidia mL−1) of conidial suspensions were placed on a plastic plate and incubated at 28 °C before the conidial morphology was observed, while the appressorium formation was observed under a microscope after 12 h incubation. Moreover, in order to identify the potential signaling pathway by which CgCFEM1 functions, the following treatments at the respective final concentrations were added to the conidial suspensions and analyzed at 24 hpi: 200 nM rapamycin (Rap; Beyotime Biotechnology, Shanghai, China), 10 mM 8-bromoadenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt (8-Br-cAMP; Sparkjade, Jinan, China) and 10 mM L-glutamine (Macklin, Shanghai, China). All of the relative formation rates were calculated based on the data of three independent replicates, with at least 100 conidia per replicate.
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4

Melanogenesis Inhibition Screening Assay

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Paeonol (≥98%), tyrosinase (≥500 U mg−1), penicillin–streptomycin solution (100X), l-glutamine (≥99%), and cholesterol (≥99.5%) were purchased from Macklin. Lauric acid (≥99%) was supplied by Alfa Aesar. Phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH = 6.8, 0.01 M) was purchased from Biorigin. l-Dopa (≥98%) was supplied by Duly Biotech. Co. Ltd (Nanjing, China). Lecithin (from soybean, >90%) was purchased from Aladdin. DMSO (Greagent, ≥99%) and dichloromethane (Greagent, 99.5%) were from Tansoole (Titan Co. Shanghai, China). CCK-8 was from Invigentech. RPMI 1640 cell culture medium and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were supplied by Biological Industries.
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