Peg200

Polyethylene glycols with different number averaged molecular weights—200 g/mol (PEG200), 400 g/mol (PEG400), and 600 g/mol (PEG600)—were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Pure C. I. Reactive Red 218 (Red 218) for ink preparation was purchased from Yongguang Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Taipei, China), and was used without further purification. The chemical structures of the Red 218 and polyethylene glycols are shown in Figure 1. All water used was pure, with a conductivity of 0.9 µS/cm. Cotton fabric (60 × 60/200 × 98) was provided by YuYue Home Textiles Co., Ltd. (Binzhou, China).

ε-Polylysine (Plys) was purchased from Meilun Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Agar, peptone, and yeast powder were purchased from CSI Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, glutaraldehyde, absolute ethanol, and polyethylene glycol (PEG₂₀₀) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. The live/dead cell double staining kit was purchased from Jiangsu KGI Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The MTT Cell Proliferation and Cytotoxicity Assay Kit was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biological Technology Co., Ltd. The cell culture medium (DMEM) was purchased from Gibco. SYTO 9/PI kit was purchased from Jiangsu KeyGEN Biotechnology Co., Ltd. LB liquid medium (peptone 1%, yeast powder 0.5%, sodium chloride 1%). LB solid medium (peptone 1%, yeast powder 0.5%, sodium chloride 1%, agar powder 1.5%).

P₂O₅ (analytically pure), isooctyl alcohol (chemically pure) and dichloroethane (analytically pure) were purchased from Shanghai Lingfeng Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Titanium isopropoxide was purchased from Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). PEG 200 (chemically pure) was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). PVC (SG-5) was purchased from Dongguan Dansheng Plastic Materials Co., Ltd. (Dongguan, China). CSWs were purchased from Shanghai Fengzhu Trading Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Organic tin, dioctyl phthalate (DOP), glyceryl monosterate (GMS), acrylic processing aid (ACR) and paraffin wax were commercially available, all of which were of technical grade.