Type uv2900

Manufactured by Hitachi

Sourced in Japan

The Type UV2900 is a UV-Vis spectrophotometer manufactured by Hitachi. It is designed for accurate and reliable measurements of absorbance, transmittance, and reflectance across the ultraviolet and visible light spectrum.

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5 protocols using type uv2900

Quantifying Phenolic, Flavonoid, and Proanthocyanidin Content

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The total phenolic content (TPC) was evaluated using the method described by Gao et al. [34 (link)]. An amount of 2 mL of water, 0.2 mL of Folin–Ciocalteu solution, and 1.0 mL 20% sodium carbonate were added to the plant extracts. After 1 h, the absorbance was measured at 765 nm using a UV–VIS spectrometer (Type UV2900, Hitachi, Japan).
The total flavonoid content (TFC) was evaluated using the method described by Chang et al. [35 (link)]. The plant extracts were mixed with 0.2 mL 10% aluminum chloride, 3.0 mL ethanol, 0.2 mL 1 M sodium acetate, and 5.2 mL water. After 30 min, the absorbance was measured at 415 nm.
The total proanthocyanidin content (TPA) was determined using the method described by Żurek et al. [36 (link)]. The plant extracts were mixed with 3 mL n-BuOH with 35% HCl (95:5) and 0.1 mL of 2% iron (III) ammonium sulfate in 2 M HCl. The samples were incubated at 95 °C for 45 min, then cooled and the absorbance was measured at 550 nm.
The results of TPC, TFC, and TPA contents were expressed in mg equivalent of gallic acid per g of dw (mg GAE/100 g dw), mg equivalent of quercetin (mg QE/100 g dw), and mg equivalent of cyanidin chloride (mg CYE/100 g dw), respectively.

Pawłowska A.M., Żurek N., Kapusta I., De Leo M, & Braca A. (2023). Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Phenolic Extracts of Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. Fruits and Leaves. Plants, 12(18), 3221.

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Comprehensive Quantification of Phytochemicals

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The total phenolic content (TPC) was evaluated using the method described by Gao et al. (2000) [57 (link)]. The plant extract was mixed with distilled water (2.0 mL), Folin-Ciocalteau reagent (0.2 mL), and 20% sodium carbonate (1.0 mL). After 1 h, the absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 765 nm using a UV–VIS spectrometer (Type UV2900, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan).
The total flavonoid content (TFC) was estimated by following the procedure developed by Chang et al. (2020) [58 (link)]. The extract was mixed with ethanol (1.5 mL), aluminum chloride (0.1 mL), distilled water (2.8 mL), and 1 M sodium acetate (0.1 mL). After 30 min, the absorbance was measured at 415 nm.
The total proanthocyanidin content (TPA) was determined according to the method described by Żurek et al. (2022) [12 (link)]. The extract was mixed with n-BuOH in 35% HCl (3.0 mL) and 2% iron (III) ammonium sulfate (0.1 mL). After incubation at 95 °C for 45 min, the absorbance was measured at 550 nm.
The results of TPC, TFC, and TPA contents were expressed in milligram equivalent of gallic acid per gram of dry weight (mg GAE/g dw), milligram equivalent of quercetin per gram of dry weight (mg QE/g dw), and milligram equivalent of cyanidin chloride per gram of dry weight (mg CYE/g dw), respectively.

Żurek N., Pycia K., Pawłowska A., Potocki L, & Kapusta I.T. (2023). Chemical Profiling, Bioactive Properties, and Anticancer and Antimicrobial Potential of Juglans regia L. Leaves. Molecules, 28(4), 1989.

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Polyphenol Content Determination by Folin-Ciocalteu

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The total content of polyphenols was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method described by Gao et al. [23 (link)]. In brief, 0.1 mL of samples, 2 mL of distilled water, 0.2 mL of Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and 1 mL of sodium carbonate (20%, w/v) were transferred into spectrophotometric cuvettes, mixed and left for 1 h in a dark place. Then, the absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 765 nm using a UV–Vis spectrometer (Type UV2900, Hitachi, Japan). The results were expressed as gallic acid equivalent per g of dry weight (mg GAE/g dw).

Pycia K., Pawłowska A.M., Kaszuba J, & Żurek N. (2022). Walnut Male Flowers (Juglans regia L.) as a Functional Addition to Wheat Bread. Foods, 11(24), 3988.

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Determination of Total Phenolic Content

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The total phenolic content was estimated using the method described by Gao et al. [38 (link)]. The extract was mixed with 2.0 mL of water, 0.2 mL of Folin-Ciocalteau reagent, and 1.0 mL Na₂CO₃ (20%, w/v), and left for 1 h. The absorbance was measured at the wavelength of 765 nm using a UV-VIS spectrometer (Type UV2900, Hitachi, Japan). The results were expressed as mg equivalent of gallic acid per g of dry weight (mg GAE/g dw).

Żurek N., Pycia K., Pawłowska A, & Kapusta I.T. (2022). Phytochemical Screening and Bioactive Properties of Juglans regia L. Pollen. Antioxidants, 11(10), 2046.

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Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Capacity

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The total content of phenolic compounds was assessed by the method described by Gao et al. [44 (link)]. Distilled water, Folin-Ciocalteau reagent, and 20% sodium carbonate solution were added to the extracts. After 1 h, the absorbance at 765 nm was measured with a UV-VIS spectrometer (Type UV2900, Hitachi Ltd., Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan). The results were expressed in mg GAE/g.
The scavenging activity of extracts on ABTS^•+ radicals was determined according to the method of Re et al. [45 (link)]. The solution of ABTS^•+ (diluted with distillated water to an absorbance of 0.7) was added to the extracts. After 6 min, the absorbance at 734 nm was measured with a spectrophotometer. Results are expressed as μmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/g.
The scavenging activity of flower extracts on DPPH˙ radicals was determined according to the method of Blois [46 (link)]. Briefly, 2.0 mL of a methanolic DPPH solution (0.1 mM) was mixed with plant extracts and left for 10 min. After this time, the absorbance was measured at 517 nm. Results are expressed as μmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/g.
The ferric ion reduction by FRAP assay was determined by the method described by Benzie and Strain [47 (link)]. Three mL of FRAP solution were added to 0.5 mL of the sample. The absorbance was recorded at a wavelength of 593 nm after 10 min of reaction. Results are expressed as μmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/g.

Betlej I., Andres B., Cebulak T., Kapusta I., Balawejder M., Jaworski S., Lange A., Kutwin M., Pisulewska E., Kidacka A., Krochmal-Marczak B, & Borysiuk P. (2023). Antimicrobial Properties and Assessment of the Content of Bioactive Compounds Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Cultivated in Southern Poland. Molecules, 28(17), 6416.

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