Two Plexiglas double-chamber MECs were operated as batch reactors, with a total volume of 750 ml for each chamber (34 by 6 by 3.5 cm). Six different electrodes, with 2 graphite foils (catalog no. 43083, 1 mm thick; Alfa Aesar), 2 carbon felts (catalog no. 43199, 3.18 mm thick; Alfa Aesar), and 2 graphite rods (catalog no. 14738, 6.15 mm diameter; Alfa Aesar), with a projected area of approximately 11.4 cm2 each, were installed in one working chamber of each MEC. One graphite foil, one carbon felt, and one graphite rod electrode were installed at the top half of each MEC, and another set of electrodes was installed at the bottom half. Three graphite rod electrodes were used as counterelectrodes in the other chamber of each MEC. The MECs also contained an Ag/AgCl reference electrode, with an offset of 0.197 V versus the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), located in the working chamber. A nutrient medium with a total volume of 750 ml was circulated through each working chamber at a flow rate of 50 ml · min−1. The two chambers in each MEC (working and counter) were separated by a cation exchange membrane (CMI-7000; Membranes International, Inc.).
Graphite rod
Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, Germany
Graphite rods are cylindrical components made of graphite, a crystalline form of carbon. They are designed for use in various laboratory and industrial applications that require high thermal and electrical conductivity, as well as resistance to chemical reactions. The core function of graphite rods is to provide a reliable and durable material for specific processes and equipment within controlled environments.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Nh4oh solution, by Avantor (2 mentions)
H2so4, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Trehalose, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
1 ethyl 3 3 dimethylaminopropyl carbodiimide hydrochloride linker, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
K3fe cn 6, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Milli q, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Graphite foil, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
L ascorbic acid, by Carl Roth (1 mentions)
Aluminum nitrate nonahydrate al no3 3 9h2o, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Potassium bromide kbr, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tungstic ac id h2wo4, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate nh4h2po4, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Potassium chloride (kcl), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Glycerin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ethanol c2h5oh, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Isopropyl alcohol ipa, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Lioh h2o, by Avantor (1 mentions)
Sulfuric acid, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
13 protocols using graphite rod
1
Dual-Chamber Microbial Electrochemical Cells
2
Graphite-based Electrode Fabrication
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
All chemicals were used as purchased without
further purification. Graphite rods (99% (metals basis)) and KBr (spectroscopy
grade, ultrapure) were purchased at Alfa Aesar, NaOH (≥99%),l -Ascorbic acid (min 99%, p.a.), and n-butyl
acetate (≥99%, for synthesis) were purchased at Carl Roth,
H2SO4 (≥98%, Emsure) was purchased at
Merck, Loctite EA 9390 epoxy resin was purchased at Dr.Losi, Al2024
T3 substrates were purchased at Robemetall, glass fiber composite
substrates were purchased at Villinger R&D, and the NH4OH solution (25%) was purchased at VWR.
further purification. Graphite rods (99% (metals basis)) and KBr (spectroscopy
grade, ultrapure) were purchased at Alfa Aesar, NaOH (≥99%),
acetate (≥99%, for synthesis) were purchased at Carl Roth,
H2SO4 (≥98%, Emsure) was purchased at
Merck, Loctite EA 9390 epoxy resin was purchased at Dr.Losi, Al2024
T3 substrates were purchased at Robemetall, glass fiber composite
substrates were purchased at Villinger R&D, and the NH4OH solution (25%) was purchased at VWR.
3
Synthesis of Inorganic Compounds Using Analytical Reagents
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The analytical grade chemicals and materials, such as potassium chloride (KCl, Sigma, Germany), potassium bromide (KBr, Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), sulphuric acid (H2SO4, Merck, Germany), ethanol (C2H5OH, Merck, Germany), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVdF, Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), tungstic acid (H2WO4, Sigma, Japan), ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH4H2PO4, Sigma, Japan), chromium(iii ) nitrate nonahydrate (Cr(NO3)3·9H2O, Merck, Germany), iron(iii ) nitrate nonahydrate (Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, Merck, Germany), aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (Al(NO3)3·9H2O, Merck, Germany) as a source of trivalent cations, glycerin (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), and graphite rods (Alfa Aesar, USA), were used without further purification. Distilled water was passed through HPLC grade water purification systems (BOECO, BOE 8082060, Germany) to yield de-ionized water (conductivity: 0.055 μS cm−1 at 25.0 °C) for use throughout the experiments.
4
Fabrication and Characterization of Graphene
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
High-purity graphite foil (0.4 mm thick,
99.8%, metal basis), graphite rods (99.99% metal basis), and ammonium
sulfate ((NH4)2SO4, 98+%) were purchased
from Alfa Aesar. Potassium hydrogen sulfate (KHSO4, 99.8%),
glycine powder (Reagent Plus ≥99%), and isopropyl alcohol (IPA,
≥99.5%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. CVD Gr on Cu and
GO in water were purchased from Graphenea. Silicon wafers (Si/SiO2) with an oxide layer thickness of ∼300 nm were purchased
from IDB Technologies Ltd. and were cleaned with acetone and IPA in
an ultrasonic bath for 5 min for each solvent prior to any use. Plastic
sample boxes with dimensions of 25 × 25 × 8 mm3 were purchased from Agar Scientific. Deionized (DI) water (Millipore
SIMPAK 1, 18.2 MΩ·cm) was used for all experiments requiring
water. All chemicals and materials were used as received with the
exception of IPA, which was filtered through a 0.45 μm pore
sized membrane prior to use.
99.8%, metal basis), graphite rods (99.99% metal basis), and ammonium
sulfate ((NH4)2SO4, 98+%) were purchased
from Alfa Aesar. Potassium hydrogen sulfate (KHSO4, 99.8%),
glycine powder (Reagent Plus ≥99%), and isopropyl alcohol (IPA,
≥99.5%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. CVD Gr on Cu and
GO in water were purchased from Graphenea. Silicon wafers (Si/SiO2) with an oxide layer thickness of ∼300 nm were purchased
from IDB Technologies Ltd. and were cleaned with acetone and IPA in
an ultrasonic bath for 5 min for each solvent prior to any use. Plastic
sample boxes with dimensions of 25 × 25 × 8 mm3 were purchased from Agar Scientific. Deionized (DI) water (Millipore
SIMPAK 1, 18.2 MΩ·cm) was used for all experiments requiring
water. All chemicals and materials were used as received with the
exception of IPA, which was filtered through a 0.45 μm pore
sized membrane prior to use.
5
Electrochemical Characterization of Materials
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
All chemicals were used as purchased without further purification. Graphite rods (99% (metals basis)) and KBr (spectroscopy grade, ultrapure) were purchased from Alfa Aesar, NaOH (≥99% ) and KOH (min. 85%) from Carl Roth, H2SO4 (≥98% Emsure) and Li2SO4 H2O (p.a.) from Merck, Nitrogen (Alphagaz® 99.999%) and Nitrogen with 5 V% Hydrogen addition (Arcal®) from Air Liquide, NH4OH solution (25%) from VWR, and LiOH H2O (ACS reagent, min. 98%) from Fluka.
6
Graphite Electrode Preparation for Electrochemical Analysis
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Graphite rods of 3 mm diameter and 150 mm length with 99.999% purity, sodium hydroxide (ACS grade), sulfuric acid, and hydrogen peroxide (27% w/v) were obtained from Alfa Aesar. Nafion solution (5% w/w) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, and potassium fluoride (KF) and Ce(SO4)2 were obtained from Sisco research laboratories, India. All of the high purity chemicals were employed as-received without any further purification. Ultrahigh purity oxygen (99.999%) was used for electrochemical reactions.
7
Electrochemical PDGF-BB Aptamer Biosensor
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The PDGF-BB binding aptamer (ssDNA, amino linker-5′-C6-CAG GCT ACG GCA CGT AGA GCA TCA CCA TGA TCC TG-3′ [14 (link)]) was purchased in HPLC purification from ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA. Tris-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (TE) buffer, ethanol, acetone, phosphate-buffered saline (1 M and pH 7.4) (PBS), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride linker (EDC), N-hydroxysuccinimide linker (NHS), hydrochloric acid (HCl), Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (Tween-20), KCl, and k3Fe(CN)6 were purchased from ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA. Trehalose, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and platelet-derived growth factor-AA, AB, and BB were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA. NANOTM SU-8 25 and SU-8 100 negative photoresist were purchased from Microchem., Round Rock, TX, USA. Graphite rods (3 cm in length and 6.15 mm in diameter, Ultra “F” Purity 99.9995%) were purchased from Fisher Scientific, Rockingham County, NH, USA. The 316 stainless steel (SS) electrodes were purchased from Maudlin Inc., Kemah, TX, USA. All chemicals were analytical grade. Milli-Q (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) deionized water (DI water) was used in this study.
8
PDGF-BB Aptamer Binding Protocol
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The PDGF-BB binding aptamer (ssDNA, amino linker-5′-C6-CAG GCT ACG GCA CGT AGA GCA TCA CCA TGA TCC TG-3′2) was purchased from HPLC purification from ThermoFisher Scientific, USA. Tris-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (TE) buffer, ethanol, acetone, phosphate-buffered saline (1 M and pH 8) (PBS), a 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride linker (EDC), a N-hydroxysuccinimide linker (NHS), hydrochloric acid (HCl), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (Tween-20), KCl, and K3Fe(CN)6 were purchased from ThermoFisher Scientific, USA. Trehalose, bovine serum albumin (BSA), platelet-derived growth factor-AA, AB, and BB were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, USA. A NANO™ SU-8 25 negative photoresist was purchased from Microchem, USA. Graphite rods (3 cm in length and 6.15 mm in diameter, Ultra “F” purity 99.9995%) were purchased from Fisher Scientific, USA. The 316 stainless steel (SS) electrodes were purchased from Maudlin Inc., USA. All chemicals were of analytical grade. Milli-Q (Sigma Aldrich, USA) deionized water was used in this study.
9
Electrochemical Characterization of Graphite Electrode
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The materials and reagents used
in the experiment included potassium permanganate (Merck, India),
glycerol (JHD, China), sulfuric acid (E. Merck, Germany), hydrochloric
acid (RCI Lab-Scan, Thailand), polyvinyl alcohol (Merck, Germany),
dimethyl sulfoxide (Lab-Scan, Ireland), and ethanol (Merck, Germany).
The graphite rod (with a surface area of 0.30 cm2) was
purchased from Alfa Aesar; Analytical grade chemicals and reagents
were purchased and utilized in the experiment as received without
any further modification and purification. For aqueous solution preparation,
the deionized water (DI) having a conductivity of less than 0.2 μS
cm–1 and a resistance of 18.2 MΩ cm was obtained
from an ultrapure water purification system (Barnstead nanopure, Model:
D7031, Thermo Scientific) and was used throughout the whole experiment.
in the experiment included potassium permanganate (Merck, India),
glycerol (JHD, China), sulfuric acid (E. Merck, Germany), hydrochloric
acid (RCI Lab-Scan, Thailand), polyvinyl alcohol (Merck, Germany),
dimethyl sulfoxide (Lab-Scan, Ireland), and ethanol (Merck, Germany).
The graphite rod (with a surface area of 0.30 cm2) was
purchased from Alfa Aesar; Analytical grade chemicals and reagents
were purchased and utilized in the experiment as received without
any further modification and purification. For aqueous solution preparation,
the deionized water (DI) having a conductivity of less than 0.2 μS
cm–1 and a resistance of 18.2 MΩ cm was obtained
from an ultrapure water purification system (Barnstead nanopure, Model:
D7031, Thermo Scientific) and was used throughout the whole experiment.
10
Electrochemical Experiments with Graphite Electrodes
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
For the electrochemical experiments, a conventional three-electrode cell was used. A graphite rod (purchased from Alfa Aesar, Schiltigheim, France) was used as an auxiliary electrode. A saturated calomel electrode (SCE) was used as the reference electrode. Glassy carbon (GC) disk electrodes were supplied from IJ Cambria (Llanelli, UK), with a surface area of 0.7 cm2, and used as the working electrode.
Electrochemical measurements were performed on a CHI660C potentiostat (CH Instruments, Austin, TX, USA). All the solutions were systematically deoxygenated by bubbling argon before and during the experiments. CVs are presented using the European convention (cathodic potential is negative; cathodic current is negative).
Electrochemical measurements were performed on a CHI660C potentiostat (CH Instruments, Austin, TX, USA). All the solutions were systematically deoxygenated by bubbling argon before and during the experiments. CVs are presented using the European convention (cathodic potential is negative; cathodic current is negative).
About PubCompare
Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.
We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.
However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.
Ready to get started?
Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required
Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!