carried out under a nitrogen or argon atmosphere using dry solvents
under anhydrous conditions unless otherwise noted. DMF, carbonyldiimidazole
(CDI), and all other chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and
used without further purification unless indicated otherwise. The 1H and 13C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker
Avance 300 MHz spectrometer. Chemical shifts are reported in parts
per million (ppm) referenced with respect to residual solvent (DMSO
= 2.50/39.52 ppm). The following abbreviations were used to indicate
multiplicities: s = singlet, d = doublet, dd = double doublet, t =
triplet, m = multiplet, br s = broad singlet, and qdd = double doublet
of quartet. High-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) were obtained by electrospray
ionization and performed on a Q Exactive Orbitrap MS system, Thermo
Fisher Scientific. For column chromatography, silica gel (40–63
μm, Merck) was used. The retention factors (Rf) were determined by thin layer chromatography on pre-coated
silica plates (Merck TLC Silica gel 60 F254). The spots were visualized
by UV light and stained with ceric ammonium molybdate solution, followed
by treatment with a heat gun.