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Mastercycler nexus gradient thermal cycler

Manufactured by Eppendorf
Sourced in Germany

The Mastercycler Nexus Gradient thermal cycler is a laboratory instrument designed for performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments. It provides precise temperature control and a gradient function to optimize PCR conditions across multiple samples simultaneously.

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15 protocols using mastercycler nexus gradient thermal cycler

1

Molecular Identification of Acinetobacter baumannii Virulence Factors and Efflux Pumps

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The genomic DNA of these isolates were extracted using the boiling method, as previously described.17 (link) The uniplex PCR assays were performed for the molecular identifications of the bap, pgaA, abaI, ompA and csuE genes and efflux pumps, including adeB, adeJ and adeG in a final volume of 25 μL.15 (link),24 (link) The sequences and sizes of the primers used in this study are shown in Table 1.
The amplification mixture consisted of 1U Taq DNA polymerase (Cinaclone, Iran), 1.5 mM MgCl2, 200 μM dNTPs, 0.35 μM of each primer, 10x PCR buffer, 5 μL of template DNA and distilled water up to a final volume of 25 μL. The amplification process was performed in a Mastercycler Nexus Thermal Cycler Gradient (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) with one cycle of initial denaturation at 94°C for 3 mins, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 94°C for 30 s, annealing at 56°C for the bap, ompA and csuE genes, 59°C for the abaI and ompA genes and 55°C for the adeB, adeJ and adeG genes for 30 s, extension at 72°C for 30 s, and a final extension cycle at 72°C for 10 mins. The PCR products were visualized on 2% agarose gel stained with safe stain.
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2

Molecular Identification of Bacterial Pathogens

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The molecular identifications of the major bacterial pathogens were performed by the amplifications of species‐specific genes. The PCR targets were thelytA gene for S pneumoniae,8 the P1gene for H influenzae,10 the femA gene for S aureus,8 and the ecfX gene for P aeruginosa.11 The primer sets used for the identification of P aeruginosa, S pneumoniae, H influenzae, and S aureus and their annealing temperatures are listed in Table 1. The Uniplex PCRs for each target organism were prepared in a final volume of 20 μL. In all of these PCRs, the distilled water was used as the negative control. The amplification mixture consisted of 1U of Taq DNA polymerase, 1.5 mmol/L MgCl2, 200 μmol/L dNTP, 0.4 μmol/L of each primer, 10x PCR buffer, 5 μL of template DNA, and distilled water up to a final volume of 20 μL. The amplification process was performed in a Mastercycler Nexus Thermal Cycler Gradient (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) with one cycle of initial denaturation at 94°C for 5 minutes, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 94°C for 30 seconds, annealing temperatures following Table 1 and extension at 72°C for 60 seconds, with a final extension for 7 minutes at 72°C.8, 10, 11 The PCR products were visualized on 1% agarose gel stained with safe stain.
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3

Screening for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus

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Resistance to methicillin was detected by growth on agar screen plates (Mueller-Hinton agar) containing 6 μg/mL oxacillin with 4% NaCl. All plates were incubated at 35°C for 24 hours according to CLSI recommendations [10] . The presence of the mecA gene was evaluated in all 72 isolates by its amplification. Sequences of primers used for amplification of the mecA gene are listed in Table 1.

Primers used for determining SCCmec types

NamePrimer sequence (5′ to 3′)Length (bp)TargetSCCmec
IIIIIIIVV
βF: ATTGCCTTGATAATAGCCYTCT937ccrA2-B**
α3R: TAAAGGCATCAATGCACAAACACT
ccrFF: CGTCTATTACAAGATGTTAAGGATA518ccrC**
ccrRR: CCTTTATAGACTGGATTATTCAAAA
1272F1F: GCCACTCATAACATATGGAA415IS1272**
1272R1R: CATCCGAGTGAAACCCAAA
5RmecAF: TATACCAAACCCGACAACTAC359mecA-IS431*
5R431R: CGGCTACAGTGATAACATCC
The amplification process was performed by the MasterCycler Nexus Thermal Cycler Gradient (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany), with one cycle of initial denaturation at 94°C for 5 minutes, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 94°C for 30 seconds, annealing 52°C for 30 seconds, extension at 72°C for 45 seconds and a cycle of final extension at 72°C for 7 minutes. All PCR products were visualized on a 1% agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide.
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4

Genetic Profiling of Shigella Strains

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The genetic relationship of S. flexneri and S. sonnei isolates was evaluated by the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR) using primers of ERIC-F (5′-ATGTAAGCTCCTGGGGATTCAC-3′) and ERIC-R (5′AAGTAAGTGACTGGGGTGA GCG-3′).16 (link) The PCR reaction was performed in the final volume of 20 µ as follows: 1U Taq DNA polymerase, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 200 μM dNTPs, 0.20 μM of each primer, 10x PCR buffer, 3 μL of template DNA and distilled water up to a final volume of 20 μL. The amplification process was performed in Mastercycler Nexus Thermal Cycler Gradient (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) with one cycle of initial denaturation at 94°C for 5 mins, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 94°C for 60 s, annealing at 55°C for 60 s, extension at 72°C for 90 s, with a cycle of final extension at 72°C for 10 mins. The amplified products were resolved on agarose gel 1.5%, stained with ethidium bromide 0.5 µg/mL. The data analyses were performed using the Gel Compare II software version 6.6 (Applied Math, Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium). The similarity pattern was calculated using the Unweighted-Pair Group Method/the Dice similarity coefficient with a position tolerance of 1.5%. Isolates with more than 90% similarity were considered an as clonal type.
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5

ERIC-PCR genotyping of A. baumannii

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The genetic relationship of A. baumannii isolates was determined using the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR)18 (link) with the primers sequences of ERIC-F (5′-ATGTAAGCTCCTGGGGATTCAC-3) and ERIC-R (5′AAGTAAGTGACTGGGGTGA GCG-3′). The PCR reaction was performed in the final volume of 25 µL as follows: 1U Taq DNA polymerase, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 200 μM dNTPs, 0.35 μM of each primer, 10x PCR buffer, 6.5 μL of template DNA and distilled water up to a final volume of 25 μL. The amplification process was performed in Mastercycler Nexus Thermal Cycler Gradient (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) with one cycle of initial denaturation at 94°C for 5 mins, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 94°C for 60 s, annealing at 57°C for 60 s, extension at 72°C for 80 s and a cycle of final extension at 72°C for 10 mins. The amplified products were visualized on agarose gel 1.5%, stained with safe stain. The data analysis was performed using the Gel Compare II software version 6.6 (Applied Math, Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium). The similarity pattern was calculated using the Unweighted-Pair Group Method (UPGMA)/the Dice similarity coefficient with a position tolerance of 1%. Isolates with more than 90% similarity were considered as a clonal type.
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6

Genetic Diversity of E. cloaceae Isolates

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The genetic diversity of E. cloaceae isolates was evaluated using the ERIC-PCR [17] . The primer sequences used were ERIC-F (5′-ATGTAA GCTCCTGGGGATTCAC-3′) and ERIC-R (5′-AAGTAAGTGACTGGGGTGA GCG-3′). The PCR reaction was performed in the final volume of 20 μl. The amplification mixture consisted of 1U Taq DNA polymerase, 1.5 mM MgCl 2 , 200 μM dNTPs, 0.25 μM of each primer, 10× PCR buffer, 5 μl of template DNA, and distilled water up to a final volume of 20 μl. The amplification process was performed in Mastercycler Nexus Thermal Cycler Gradient (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) with one cycle of initial denaturation at 94 °C for 5 min, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 94 °C for 60 s, annealing at 55 °C for 60 s, extension at 72 °C for 90 s, with a cycle of final extension at 72 °C for 10 min. The amplified products were resolved on agarose gel 1.5%, stained with 0.5 μg/ml ethidium bromide. The data analysis was performed using the Gel Compare II software version 6.6 (Applied Maths, Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium). The similarity pattern was calculated using the Unweighted-Pair Group Method (UPGMA)/the Dice similarity coefficient with a position tolerance of 1.5%. Isolates with more than 80% similarity were considered an as clonal type.
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7

ERIC-PCR Genotyping of Acinetobacter baumannii

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Genetic relatedness of A. baumannii isolates was evaluated in our previous study [12] using the ERIC-PCR with primers ERIC-F (5′-ATGTAAGCTCCTGGGGATTCAC-3′) and ERIC-R (5′-AAGTAAGTGACTGGGGTGA GCG-3′) [16] . Briefly, the PCR reaction was performed in the final volume of 25 μl containing 1U Taq DNA polymerase, 1.5 mM of MgCl 2 , 200 μM of dNTPs, 0.5 μM of each primer, 10× PCR buffer, 6.5 μl of template DNA, and distilled water up to a final volume of 25 μl. The amplification process was performed in Mastercycler Nexus Thermal Cycler Gradient (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) with one cycle of initial denaturation at 94 °C for 5 min, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 94 °C for 60 s, annealing at 57 °C for 60 s, extension at 72 °C for 80 s, and a cycle of final extension at 72 °C for 10 min. The amplified products were visualized on 1.5% agarose gel, stained with safe stain. The data analyses were performed using the Gel Compare II software version 6.6 (Applied Math, Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium). The similarity pattern was calculated using the unweighted-pair group method/the Dice similarity coefficient with a position tolerance of 1%. Isolates with more than 90% similarity were considered as a clonal type.
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8

Quantifying HIV Transcript Levels

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Total RNA and genomic DNA were isolated from cells using Trizol reagent (Life Technologies) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. cDNAs were synthesized from total RNA using SuperScript II reverse transcriptase (Life Technologies) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. PCR reactions were performed on 50 ng cDNA or 10 ng genomic DNA in a total volume of 25 μl using Taq DNA polymerase (New England Biolabs) and a Mastercycler Nexus Gradient thermal cycler (Eppendorf) using the following conditions: 95°C for 30 sec., 30-35 cycles of 95°C for 30 sec., 50°C for 30 sec., and 68°C for 30 sec., and 68°C for 5 min. PCR Primer sequences are detailed in Table S1. A schematic of amplicon locations within HIV for the detection of total, unspliced, and multiply spliced species are provided in Figure S2. For qPCR, RNA was isolated from cells using the RNAeasy Mini RNA Extraction Kit (Qiagen) per manufacturer’s instructions and treated with Turbo DNase (Thermo Fisher), also per the manufacturer’s instructions. cDNA was synthesized from 500 ng total RNA using the Superscript III First Strand cDNA Synthesis System (Thermo Fisher), per the manufacturer’s instructions. qPCR was performed using a Bio-Rad CFX 96 Real Time PCR System with Bio-Rad CFX data analysis software to determine copy number, with TATA-binding protein as a normalizer.
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9

Quantitative RT-PCR for ABCB1 Gene Expression

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The total RNA from DLD-1 cells was isolated and purified using PureLink RNA Mini Kit and PureLink DNase as recommended by the manufacturer. The RNA was quantified using Infinite 200 PRO NanoQuant (Tecan, Switzerland). cDNA was prepared from 1.5 µg total RNA by reverse transcription using SuperScript VILO MasterMix for RT-qPCR according to the manufacturer's instructions. cDNA was also quantified using Infinite 200 PRO NanoQuant. The mastermix for rtPCR was prepared by using nuclease free water, dNTP, MgSO4, PCR buffer and PlatinumTaq DNA Polymerase. For ABCB1 gene, the forward and reverse primers were 5′ CGAGGTCGGAATGGATCTTG 3′ and 5′ GCCATTCTGAAACACCACT 3′, whereas for reference gene GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase) the forward and reverse primers were 5′ ACCACAGTCCATGCCATCAC 3′ and 5′ TCCACCACCCTGTTGCTGTA 3′, respectively. The RT-PCR was carried out in Eppendorf Mastercycler Nexus Gradient Thermal Cycler (Hamburg, Germany). Amplification products were resolved by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis at 90 V for 60 min in TAE (Tris-acetate-EDTA) buffer and visualized by ethidium bromide staining. The images of the gel were taken by an image reader (Fujifilm LAS-3000, Tokyo, Japan). The densitometric analysis was performed using ImageJ software.
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10

CRISPR Off-Target Site Analysis for Rice

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The potential off-targets of sgRNAs were predicted using the “offTarget” program in the CRISPR-GE software toolkit [52 (link)]. Genomic DNA of rice was extracted using the CTAB (cetyl trimethylammonium bromide) method. The DNA fragments covering the on-target and off-target sites were amplified by PCR using the specific genomic primers. PCR amplifications were performed in a Mastercycler nexus gradient thermal cycler (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany). Each reaction contained DNA templates, 1 × PCR buffer, 0.4 mmol L−1 dNTPs (deoxynucleotide triphosphates), 0.3 μmol L−1 of both forward and reverse primers, and 1 U KOD FX DNA polymerase (Toyobo, Osaka, Japan). Distilled water was added to a final volume of 50 μL. The PCR conditions included an initial incubation at 94 °C for 2 min, followed by 30 cycles of 98 °C for 10 s, 50–55 °C for 30 s, and 68 °C for 0.5–1 min, with a final extension at 68 °C for 5 min. The amplified products were sequenced directly. For some samples, PCR products were cloned and individual clones were sequenced. The superimposed sequencing chromatograms of heterozygous and bi-allelic mutations were decoded using DSDecodeM [53 (link)]. The PCR primers used are listed in Table S9.
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