All chemicals and reagents
were used as received unless otherwise described. Sodium hydroxide
anhydrous pellets, uric acid powder, chondroitin sulfate, lyophilized
powder bovine serum albumin, and phosphatidylcholine, Au NPs (optical
density: 1.0; diameter: 20 nm; catalog number: 741965; 7.2 ×
1011 particles/mL) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Milwaukee,
WI). Acetic acid was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Hampton, NH).
Coverslips (microslides, thickness: 0.96–1.06 mm), 20 mL scintillation
vials, 150 mL filtration system were obtained from Corning Inc. (Corning,
NY). Glass scintillation vials (20 mL), stir bars, and thermometers
were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Polyurethane plastic
pouches were made from 2-mil poly tubing purchased from U-Line (Pleasant
Prairie, WI). Synthetic skin was acquired from SynDaver Labs (Tampa,
FL). The antialgae solution was manufactured by Clorox (Lawrenceville,
GA), and cyanoacrylate was purchased from Gorilla Glue, Inc. (Cincinnati,
OH). Aqueous solutions were prepared with deionized water (>18.0
MΩ
cm resistivity at 25 °C) obtained from a Millipore Direct Q3
system.
were used as received unless otherwise described. Sodium hydroxide
anhydrous pellets, uric acid powder, chondroitin sulfate, lyophilized
powder bovine serum albumin, and phosphatidylcholine, Au NPs (optical
density: 1.0; diameter: 20 nm; catalog number: 741965; 7.2 ×
1011 particles/mL) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Milwaukee,
WI). Acetic acid was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Hampton, NH).
Coverslips (microslides, thickness: 0.96–1.06 mm), 20 mL scintillation
vials, 150 mL filtration system were obtained from Corning Inc. (Corning,
NY). Glass scintillation vials (20 mL), stir bars, and thermometers
were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Polyurethane plastic
pouches were made from 2-mil poly tubing purchased from U-Line (Pleasant
Prairie, WI). Synthetic skin was acquired from SynDaver Labs (Tampa,
FL). The antialgae solution was manufactured by Clorox (Lawrenceville,
GA), and cyanoacrylate was purchased from Gorilla Glue, Inc. (Cincinnati,
OH). Aqueous solutions were prepared with deionized water (>18.0
MΩ
cm resistivity at 25 °C) obtained from a Millipore Direct Q3
system.