L norepinephrine bitartrate

(±)-Epinephrine HCl, (L)-norepinephrine bitartrate, (R)-phenylephrine HCl, sodium pentobarbital, N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU), resveratrol, Nile Red dye, spermine and solvents for drug delivery were all obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). L-norepinephrine–HCl was obtained from ChemPacific (Baltimore, MD). Cyclophosphamide for injection was from Baxter (Deerfield, IL). Coal Black dye (#5006) was from Byrnes & Kiefer (Evans City, PA). The PrC-210 aminothiol was synthesized as described previously.¹⁸ Lactating female Sprague–Dawley rats with litters of 10-day-old pups were obtained from Harlan (Indianapolis, IN). Rats were maintained on 12-hr light/dark cycle and provided ad lib water and lab chow. All animal procedures were conducted according to a protocol (#M0476) approved by the University of Wisconsin Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.

(−)-Norepinephrine, (S)-(+)-Norepinephrine bitartrate, (L)-(−)-Norepinephrine bitartrate, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP⁺), N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP-4), phentolamine, propranolol, H-89, ICI-118,551 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). LPS for in vitrostudies (Escherichia coli strain O111:B4) was purchased from Calbiochem(San Diego, CA; cat# 437627) and for in vivo studies from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO; cat#L3012). Cell culture reagents were obtained from Invitrogen(Carlsbad, CA). [³H]DA (30 Ci/mmol) was obtained from PerkinElmer LifeSciences (Boston, MA; cat# NET131250UC). The polyclonal anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) antibody (cat# AB152) and monoclonal neuronal nuclei (NeuN) antibody (cat# MAB377) was purchased from CHEMICON International (Temecula, CA). The polyclonal ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) antibody was purchased fromWako Chemicals USA (Richmond, VA; cat# 019-19741). The rat anti-mouse CD11b antibody was purchased from AbDSerotec (Raleigh, NC, cat# MCA711G). The biotinylatedsecondaryantibodies were purchased from Vector Laboratories (Burlingame, CA).