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Thrombin

Manufactured by Molecular Devices
Sourced in Italy, United Kingdom

Thrombin is a serine protease enzyme that plays a central role in the blood coagulation cascade. It catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, which is the main component of blood clots. Thrombin is an essential component in many in vitro and ex vivo research applications.

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2 protocols using thrombin

1

Chromogenic Assay for FXa and Thrombin Modulation

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The modulation of FXa and thrombin activity was evaluated by colorimetric assay.
Briefly, CTX (0.5-13.5 µg/mL) or PBS (control) was incubated with 43 mU/mL of
human FXa or thrombin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA) for 10 minutes.
Afterwards, specific chromogenic substrate S-2222 or S-2238 (400 µM,
Chromogenix, Milan, Italy), were added and the hydrolysis of chromogenic
substrate by FXa or thrombin was measured at 405 nm using a Spectramax 190
microplate reader (Molecular Devices, San Jose, USA). The reaction was carried
out in a 96-well plate at 25ºC in PBS, pH 7.4. The enzymatic activity was
calculated based on the slope of the activity curve, obtained from sequential
readings at 405 nm, and considered the values generated by the incubation of the
factors and PBS (control) to be 100% activity.
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2

Turbidimetric Analysis of Fibrin Polymerization

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For turbidimetric analysis of fibrin polymerisation, plasma was diluted 1:3 in 0.05 M Tris-HCl, 0.1 M NaCl, pH 7.5 in a 96-well plate, and 0.5 U/mL human thrombin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo) and 10 mM Calcium Chloride (final concentrations) were added.
Immediately after the addition of thrombin and calcium, absorbency was read every 12 seconds at 340 nm for 60 minutes with a Kinetic Plate Reader (Spectramax Plus 384, Molecular Devices, UK). Lag time (defined as the time required for the OD to increase >0.01) and maximum OD (ODmax) were measured. The lag phase of the turbidity curve reflects the time required for lateral aggregation of fibrin fibres to start from the addition of the activation mixture. Maximum absorbance at the plateau phase reflects the fibre diameter and fibrinogen concentration. Polymerisation rate was analysed by measuring the slope of the turbidity curve at its steepest or inflexion point (Mills et al., 2002) (link).
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