Fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran 4 kda fitc dextran

Technical grade (75:25, trans:cis; 94% purity) 3-phenoxybenzyl-(1R,S)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxyl-ate, PERM (PubChem CID: 40326) were generously donated by Dr. A. Stefanini of ACTIVA (Milan, Italy). Corn oil, citric acid, fluorescein isothiocyanate—dextran 4 kDa (FITC-dextran), 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, naphthol ASD-chloroacetate esterase kit were obtained from Sigma (Milan, Italy). 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB) was purchased from DAKO (Hamburg, Germany). Periodic acid (1%), protease mixture and BSA were purchased from Carl Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany). Alcian blue 8GS was purchased from Serva (Heidelberg, Germany).

Chlorpyrifos (purity: 99.8%) was purchased from LGC Standards (Molsheim, France). It was dissolved in commercially available rapeseed oil as vehicle and administered by gavage (at a dose of 1 mg/kg bodyweight/day) to the animals in the CPF1 group. This dose corresponds to (i) the maximum daily intake and (ii) the oral “no observed effect level” for maternal toxicity, as indicated by the inhibition of cholinesterase activity [11] (link). Animals in a control (CPF0) group were gavaged with a volume of 1 mL/kg bodyweight of vehicle.
The high-molecular-weight fluorescent marker fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4 kDa (FITC-Dextran) powder was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA) and dissolved in pure water to a concentration of 80 mg/mL.