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Sodium borohydride nabh4

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Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is a white, crystalline, water-soluble reducing agent commonly used in organic synthesis and chemical analysis. It is a versatile reagent that can selectively reduce various functional groups, such as aldehydes, ketones, and nitriles, to alcohols. NaBH4 is stable at room temperature and is widely utilized in chemical laboratories as a reducing agent for a variety of chemical transformations.

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173 protocols using sodium borohydride nabh4

1

Quantification of Glycation Adducts in Proteins

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Ultra-pure HPLC water was from VWR (Fontenay-sous-Bois, France), HPLC gradient grade acetonitrile, nonafluoropentanoic acid (NFPA) 97%, hydrochloric acid (HCl) 37%, sodium borohydride (NaBH4), boric acid (H3BO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), lysine (Lys), bovine serum albumin (BSA fraction V), glyoxylic acid and sodium cyanoborohydride (NaBH3CN) were all obtained from Sigma–Aldrich (Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France). The labeled internal standard (15N2)-Lys was purchased from CortecNet (Voisins-le-Bretonneux, France), while CML, (D2)-CML, (D4)-CML, CEL, and (D4)-CEL were all from Polypeptide Group Laboratories (Strasbourg, France). A 0.1 M NaBH4 solution was made up of a 0.2 M borate buffer comprised of (H3BO3) and NaOH (pH = 9.5).
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2

Hyla Rabbit Intestine Glycan Isolation and Analysis

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Hyla rabbit intestines were provided by Kangda Food Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China). Papain was purchased from Amresco (Solon, OH, USA). Q-Sepharose Fast Flow resin was procured from GE Healthcare (Uppsala, Sweden). Mannose (Man), N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), glucuronic acid (GlcA), galacturonic acid (GalA), N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), glucose (Glc), galactose (Gal), xylose (Xyl), and fucose (Fuc), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The Eclipse XDB-C18 column (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) was obtained from Agilent (Santa Clara, CA, USA), and Hypercarb KAPPA Capillary Column (100 mm × 0.5 mm, 3 μm) was obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene (DMB derivative) were purchased from Aladdin (Shanghai, China).
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3

Synthesis of MoS2-Ag Nanocomposite

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Molybdenum (IV) sulfide (MoS2, powder), silver nitrate (AgNO3, 99%), MPA (99%), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, MW 534,000), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NVP, anhydrous, 99.5%), and a 2.5 M solution of n-butyllithium ion hexane and sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Inc. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Super P amorphous carbon black (C, approximately 40 nm, 99.99%) was purchased from Alpha Aesar Inc. (Haverhill, MA, USA).
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4

Functionalized Chitosan Biomaterials

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Iron(iii) chloride hexahydrated (FeCl3·6H2O), ammonium iron(ii) sulfate hexahydrate ((NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O), (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), glutaraldehyde (GA; 25%) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) were from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, America). Sodium hydroxide, ethanol and hydrochloric acid were from Merck (Germany). Genipin (Gpn), di-acetyl-glucosamine ((GlcNAc)2), N,N′,N′′-tri-acetyl-glucosamine ((GlcNAc)3) were from Carbosynth Ltd (Berkshire, UK). Chitosan with different degree of deacetylation (DD) and polymerization (DP) were used, CHIT100 (100–300 kDa) and CHIT600 (600–800 kDa) all from shrimp shells (DD > 90%) were from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium), chitosan QS1 from Paralomis granulosa (98 kDa, DD 81%) and chitosan QS2 from Pandalus borealis (31 kDa, DD 77%) from InFiQus (Madrid, Spain). Chitin (coarse flakes, DD ≤ 8%) from shrimp shells, chitosan CHIT50 (50–190 kDa, DD 77%), chitosan low molecular weight CHITLMW (50–190 kDa, DD ≥ 92%), N-acetyl-glucosamine and glucosamine (GlcN) were from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, America).
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5

LAMP Assay for HOTTIP Detection

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Bst3.0 polymerase, magnesium sulfate and 10× isothermal amplification buffer were purchased from New England Biolabs (Ipswich, MA, USA) while reverse transcriptase was ordered from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Vilnius, Lithuania). Six oligonucleotide primers for loop-mediated isothermal amplification of HOTTIP were designed through the PrimerExplorer V5 software available online (http://primerexplorer.jp/lampv5e/index.html), which includes forward inner primer (FIP), backward inner primer (BIP), forward outer primer (F3), backward outer primer (B3), loop forward primer (LF) and loop backward primer (LB) (Table S1). Chloroauric acid (HAuCl4), cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO).
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6

Synthesis of Cationic Gold Nanoparticles

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(+)AuNPs were prepared according to Li's approach.21 (link) Briefly, 1 mM of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) and 10 mM of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) (Sigma-Aldrich) were mixed in a 17 mL solution to produce a yellowish solution, and the mixture was allowed to stirred in a shaker for 15 minutes. Then, 100 mM sodium borohydride (NaBH4) (Sigma-Aldrich) in 2 mL was added drop by drop with stirring. The mixture was stirred for another 8 min until there was a permanent color change to a reddish-purple solution. Subsequently, the (+)AuNP solution was filtered and stored at −4 °C before use.
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7

Substrate Preparation and Reagent Procurement

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Silicon substrates were purchased from WRS Materials (San Jose, CA) as 3-in-diameter wafers of Si (100), then scored and broken into 2 cm × 2 cm tiles before use. Pyocyanin standard, sodium borohydride (NaBH4), and silver nitrate (AgNO3) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) and used without further purification.
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8

Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis and Characterization

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Gold(iii) chloride trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O, ≥99.9%, Sigma-Aldrich), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, >98%, Sigma-Aldrich), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, ≥99%, Sigma-Aldrich), sodium citrate (tribasic dehydrate, C6H5Na3O7·2H2O, ≥99%, Sigma-Aldrich), poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH, M.W. 17,500 g mol−1, Sigma-Aldrich), poly(acrylic acid) sodium salt (PAA, M.W. 15,000 g mol−1, Sigma-Aldrich), silver nitrate (AgNO3, 99.0%, Sigma-Aldrich), l-ascorbic acid (BioXtra, ≥99.0%, crystalline, Sigma-Aldrich), hydrochloric acid (HCl, certified 1.0 N, Fisher Chemical), phosphate-Buffer Saline (PBS, 1×, Corning), exosome-depleted FBS (Exo-FBS, SBI), trypan blue solution (0.4%, Invitrogen), Triton X-100 solution (BioUltra, Sigma-Aldrich), exosome precipitation kit (Exo-quick, SBI). All solutions were prepared with nanopure water.
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9

Synthesis of Zinc-Lipoic Acid Nanocomposite

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Zinc nitrate hexahydrate (ZnNO3. H2O), (±)-α-lipoic acid, 2-methyl imidazole, silver nitrate (AgNO3), and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China). Other reagents and solvents were acquired from ALADDIN Reagent (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water (18.2 MU) was used throughout the experiments.
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10

Synthesis of Nanomaterials via Facile Methods

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All the reagents used were of analytical purity and were used without further purification. Polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-1300000), dopamine hydrochloride (DA·HCl), and 2-methylimidazole (C4H6N2) were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Industrial Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Cupric chloride anhydrous (CuCl2) and other reagents, such as ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O), ammonium acetate (NH4OAc), ethylene glycol (EG), silver nitrate (AgNO3), 4-nitrophenol(4-NP), sodium borohydride (NaBH4), and zinc nitrate (Zn(NO3)2·6H2O) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China). Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were purchased from Tianjin Haojia Cellulose Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China).
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