For the pretreatment optimization experiment, the vein sections were placed inside a PBS-filled 3.0 ml syringe serving as sample holder, and imaged on a
Siemens Inveon instrument (Siemens Medical Solutions, PA, USA). Three-dimensional images of 23 × 23 × 55 mm field-of-view with 17 μm voxels were acquired using 701 projections with the source operating at 80 kVp and 120 μA, which took 60 min. In post-processing, the image contrast, for each vein section was quantified by,
where H
t and H
b were the average Hounsfield intensities of the tissue and the background, respectively.
For the pressurization experiment, the pretreated sample was rinsed in PBS, mounted on the pressurization apparatus, and imaged using the same protocol, except with reduced resolution (100 μm) to minimize scan time (18 min) to minimize possible contrast reduction due to diffusion. Jugular vein was first imaged in its unloaded state, which corresponded to approximately 60% shrinkage from its
in situ length. The sample was then stretched to its estimated
in situ length (100%) and imaged at each 2, 10, and 20 mmHg pressurization. Finally, the vein was stretched to 1.2 times its
in situ length (120%), and imaged at the same pressure levels.
Gomez A.D., Zou H., Shiu Y.T, & Hsu E.W. (2014). Characterization of regional deformation and material properties of the intact explanted vein by microCT and computational analysis. Cardiovascular engineering and technology, 5(4), 359-370.