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Inveon

Manufactured by Siemens
Sourced in Germany, United States

The Inveon is a versatile and advanced pre-clinical imaging system designed for small animal research. It provides high-resolution imaging capabilities, supporting various modalities such as PET, SPECT, CT, and optical imaging. The Inveon is a robust and reliable platform that enables researchers to conduct non-invasive in vivo studies, facilitating the understanding of disease mechanisms and the evaluation of new therapies.

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324 protocols using inveon

1

Micro-CT Analysis of Bone Regeneration

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Eight weeks after operation, the rats were sacrificed by intramuscular injection of overdose of Sumianxin II. All the 6 calvarial blocks of the sacrificed animals were harvested and immediately immersed into the 10% neutrally buffered formalin for fixation. Radiographic analysis of bone regeneration within the defects was performed using an X-ray unit (VarioDG, Sirona), with the exposure time set at 0.03 seconds. After a 2-day fixation, the specimens were scanned along the sagittal direction though by micro-CT (Inveon, Siemens) with a resolution of 18 μm followed by an off-line reconstruction. After scanning, the selection of the area of interest was performed manually. Our preliminary study showed that the grey value of SMC-PHBHHx material was around −217, which was lower than water. The thresholding of mineralized bone was set at 500.
The following morphometric parameters obtained in direct mode were adopted to estimate the bone regeneration within the defects using software Siemens Inveon:

Relative bone volume (bone volume/tissue volume, BV/TV: %)

Trabecular number (Tb.N: 1/mm)

Trabecular separation (Tb.Sp: mm)

Trabecular thickness (Tb.Th: mm).

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2

Micro-CT Analysis of Femur Bone Microstructure

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In order to evaluate the bone microstructure, the right femur was analyzed with high-resolution micro-CT using the micro-CT imaging system (Siemens, Inveon) according to the method described in the literature (Zhang et al., 2012 (link)). The femur was fixed in the centrifuge tube by the long axis, while the surrounding was filled with gauze. Quantitative parameters of bone microstructure including percent bone volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), structural model index (SMI) and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured. All the digital data, 2 D and 3 D images were provided by the built-in software of micro-CT (Siemens, Inveon).
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3

Micro-CT Aortic Calcification Analysis

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Micro-CT analysis was performed to detect aortic calcification. The rats were anesthetized with isoflurane and scanned in a micro-CT scanner (Siemens inveon) at a resolution of 0.079 mm. Images were analyzed using the inveon research workplace software (Siemens inveon).
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4

Multimodal PET Imaging in Parkinson's Rat Model

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Multimodal PET data were acquired from rats with unilateral 6-OHDA lesions of the medial forebrain bundle (n = 10) or sham lesions (n = 13). Rats received a single s.c. injection of saline 30 minutes before anesthesia induction with isofluorane and scanned before treatment on a Siemens Inveon (Siemens, Munich, Germany) at The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research. Following completion of a pre-treatment scan (PRE), 6-OHDA lesioned rats received two daily s.c. injections of levodopa (6 mg/kg) plus benserazide (12 mg/kg) for six days per week for a total of three weeks (21 days), which served as chronic levodopa treatment. AIMs were assessed according to well-validated criteria (See Behavioral assessment section below).
Upon completion of chronic treatment, animals underwent scanning under two conditions: after s.c. injections of saline (OFF) or levodopa (ON). OFF and ON scans occurred one week apart; half of the animals underwent OFF scanning first, and the other half underwent ON scanning first. During the week between the OFF and ON scanning sessions, after completion of their 21-day treatment and until the time of their transcardial perfusion, animals continued receiving one daily s.c. levodopa injection, for treatment and dyskinesia maintenance.
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5

X-ray Imaging of Pressurized Vein Samples

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For the pretreatment optimization experiment, the vein sections were placed inside a PBS-filled 3.0 ml syringe serving as sample holder, and imaged on a Siemens Inveon instrument (Siemens Medical Solutions, PA, USA). Three-dimensional images of 23 × 23 × 55 mm field-of-view with 17 μm voxels were acquired using 701 projections with the source operating at 80 kVp and 120 μA, which took 60 min. In post-processing, the image contrast, for each vein section was quantified by, contrast=HtHbHb. where Ht and Hb were the average Hounsfield intensities of the tissue and the background, respectively.
For the pressurization experiment, the pretreated sample was rinsed in PBS, mounted on the pressurization apparatus, and imaged using the same protocol, except with reduced resolution (100 μm) to minimize scan time (18 min) to minimize possible contrast reduction due to diffusion. Jugular vein was first imaged in its unloaded state, which corresponded to approximately 60% shrinkage from its in situ length. The sample was then stretched to its estimated in situ length (100%) and imaged at each 2, 10, and 20 mmHg pressurization. Finally, the vein was stretched to 1.2 times its in situ length (120%), and imaged at the same pressure levels.
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6

In Vivo Mouse PET Imaging

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Mice were anesthetized by Matrx VMR, and 18F-FDG (185 MBq/kg) was given through the tail vein to initiate emission scan. Images were acquired on microPET (Siemens Inveon, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). To quantify 18F-FDG uptake on the last frame (corresponding to 40–60 min), the obtained tissue activity [counts (kBq)/ml] was divided by the injected activity in kBq per gram of body weight (185 kBq/g) to give a standardized uptake value. Animal maintenance and experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Soochow University.
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7

In Vivo PET Imaging of Tumor Targeting

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Nineteen days post-cell implantation, mice were anesthetized with 2% isoflurane, injected with 13–15 MBq of [18F]TFB in 50–150 μ L, and imaged dynamically with a microPET system (Siemens Inveon ©2011 by Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc.). Animal breathing rate and body temperature were monitored and maintained between 40 and 70 bpm and at 37 °C, respectively. Dynamic PET data were acquired for 40 min, and images were reconstructed using 2D filtered back projection. Quantification of PET signal was performed by manual segmentation of ROIs using Horos Project software v3.3.6. Maximum activity projections (MAPs) were generated. SUV was calculated with the below equation:
SUV(gmL)=Pixelvalue(BqmL)*weight(kg)Dose(Bq)*1000(gkg)
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8

Microcomputed Tomography Lung Tissue Analysis

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Mice were initially anesthetized with 4% isoflurane gas and maintained with 2% isoflurane during whole-body micro-computed tomography (μCT) on a Siemens Inveon (Siemens Healthineers, Knoxville, TN) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Small Animal Imaging and Radiotherapy Facility (SAIRF). Imaging was performed with the following parameters: 360 rotation degrees and rotation steps, binning 4, 250 ms exposure time, 80 kVp, 1 mA and ~105 μm resolution. Reconstructions were performed with no down-sampling using a Shepp-Logan filter and Hounsfield Unit (HU) calibration.
Image analysis assessing μCT lung tissue density was performed using Image Research Workplace similarly as before (Tian et al., 2019a (link)), by selecting and outlining 16 axial lung slices, starting with one immediately superior to the liver in n = 4–10 mice/condition. HU values associated with each voxel in the outlined volume were binned into indicated groups with lowest density voxels being in the < −600 HU group and highest density being between 0 and 100 HU. Percent voxels in each group of HU values were calculated based on the total number of voxels in the mouse lung. Individual axial slices were reconstructed in MATLAB and HU represented with a heat map for ease of visualization (Higham and Higham, 2016 ).
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9

Microcomputed Tomography Lung Tissue Analysis

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Mice were initially anesthetized with 4% isoflurane gas and maintained with 2% isoflurane during whole-body micro-computed tomography (μCT) on a Siemens Inveon (Siemens Healthineers, Knoxville, TN) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Small Animal Imaging and Radiotherapy Facility (SAIRF). Imaging was performed with the following parameters: 360 rotation degrees and rotation steps, binning 4, 250 ms exposure time, 80 kVp, 1 mA and ~105 μm resolution. Reconstructions were performed with no down-sampling using a Shepp-Logan filter and Hounsfield Unit (HU) calibration.
Image analysis assessing μCT lung tissue density was performed using Image Research Workplace similarly as before (Tian et al., 2019a (link)), by selecting and outlining 16 axial lung slices, starting with one immediately superior to the liver in n = 4–10 mice/condition. HU values associated with each voxel in the outlined volume were binned into indicated groups with lowest density voxels being in the < −600 HU group and highest density being between 0 and 100 HU. Percent voxels in each group of HU values were calculated based on the total number of voxels in the mouse lung. Individual axial slices were reconstructed in MATLAB and HU represented with a heat map for ease of visualization (Higham and Higham, 2016 ).
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10

High-Resolution Micro-CT Imaging of Ischemic Limbs

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Sham or ischemic limbs were dissected at the head of the femur for individual scanning at high resolution using the micro-CT scanner in the Tri-modal Siemens Inveon (Siemens Healthcare, Hoffman Estates, IL) and the Inveon Acquisition Workplace (IAW) (version 1.5.28) software. Each ex vivo limb was placed on the imaging pallet with a field of view (FOV) of 18 x 25mm, positioned on the dorsal side, and scanned from thigh to ankle. CT scanning parameters were 80kVp and 300μA (voltage and current) with 0.5mm Al filtration. A 192° half scan was performed for 384 steps with an exposure time of 2100ms for each step. Center offset and dark/light calibrations were performed immediately prior to scanning for image optimization. The acquisition protocol included using a high system magnification with 2x2 binning to generate an isotropic voxel size of 17μm3. Raw data reconstruction was performed with a Shepp-Logan filter. Prior to image reconstruction, beam hardening correction was applied to ensure the quantitative accuracy of the Hounsfield Units (HUs) in the final images. Images are reconstructed with the standard Filtered Back-Projection (FBP) algorithm with no additional down-sampling of the raw data (binning of image voxels).
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