Doxepin hydrochloride

Doxepin hydrochloride (Sigma, USA) and dexamethasone hydrochloride (Darupakhsh Company, Iran) were dissolved in isotonic saline. Formalin, glacial acetic acid and diethyl ether oxide (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) were also used.
Dibasic potassium phosphate (Merck, Germany), monobasic potassium phosphate (Merck, Germany), hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB) and o-dianisidine dihydrochloride (o-dianisidine) (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, Mo, USA), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was used for determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity.
TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β kits (Boster, USA) were used for measurement of the cytokines.
Ketamine and xylazine vials (Alfasan, The Netherlands) were used for inducing anesthesia in rats.

MEthyl acetate (MEAC, ≥99%), ethyl formate (ETFO, ≥98%), propyl acetate (PRAC, ≥99%), ethyl propionate (ETPR, ≥99%), ethyl butyrate (ETBU, ≥99%), and hexyl acetate (HEAC ≥ 99%) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific. Ethyl acetate (ETAC, ≥99.8%) was from Honeywell, butyl acetate (BUAC, ≥99.5%) from Emsure and pentyl acetate (PEAC, ≥99%) from Supelco. Polyoxyethylene (4) lauryl ether (Brij 30, ≥99%, max. 1% H₂O) was acquired from Acros Organics. Isopropanol (C3-ol, anh., ≥99.5%), chloroform (≥99.9%, with amylenes as stabilizer), sodium chloride (≥99%), sodium hydroxide (≥97%), phosphoric acid (85% in water), amitriptyline hydrochloride (AMI, ≥98%), doxepin hydrochloride (DOX, ≥98%, ~85% E isomer and 15% Z isomer), imipramine hydrochloride (IMI, ≥99%), and clomipramine hydrochloride (CLO, ≥98%) were from Sigma Aldrich. Mirtazapine (MIR, ≥98%) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific. Helium 6.0 (≥99.9999%) was purchased from Linde GmbH. Doubly distilled water from an in-house distillation setup was used in all experiments. Brij 30 was dried at 105 °C overnight before use. All other reagents were used as received.